26 people can plant 10,000 acres of good fields

On July 14, the National Bureau of Statistics announced the latest data. In 2022, the total output of summer grains in the country was 14.739 million tons, an increase of 1.434 million tons from 2021.

Under the influence of unfavorable factors such as agricultural capital prices, international grain prices, and new crown pneumonia's epidemic, how can my country summer grains be achieved and welcomed the harvest?

In late July, the reporter went deep into the first line of summer harvest in Jiangxi, the main producing province of Southern Grain. From the perspective of science and technology applications, agricultural services, and organizational innovation, decoding the new development trend of grass -roots agriculture, exploring the self -confidence and confidence of "Chinese rice bowl" behind the harvest of food Essence

In the Datian Farmers' Society in Jiangxi County, Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province, the "unmanned harvesting machine" harvested rice (taken July 20, 2022) Vientiane Photo / "Looking" News Weekly

There are dozens of "old handles" in one unmanned harvester race

On July 20, in the golden rice waves in Jiangxiang Town, Nanchang County, Jiangxi, the harvesting machine busy shuttled the operation, and the processes such as harvesting, dense granules, and shattered stalks were returned in one go. Surprisingly, there was no operator in the agricultural machine cab.

"Thanks to the" sentinel "in the field, they provide a data foundation for digital and intelligent seed fields." Zou Taihui, general manager of Nanchang Smart Datian Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Datian Rural Club"), pointed at field 1 Introduction to the IoT device that sets up solar power generation boards, 360 -degree cameras, and wind speed instruments. There are 37 smart agricultural conditions monitoring stations in the fields. These sensors set in the cultivated land can not only monitor the transmission temperature, humidity, wind speed, light and other information, but also rely on IoT technology to assist unmanned agricultural machinery to set their route parameters.

Zou Taihui said that a "old handle" of breeding grain can only harvest one or two acres of rice a day alone. The agricultural machine can be harvested about 50 acres per day, while unmanned harvester can harvest 70 to 80 acres per day. Unmanned harvesters not only have long operation and high efficiency, but also more neat routes and plants, which will help reduce food loss.

Unmanned harvesters are not rare objects in Datian Farm Club. Set up the driverless plowing machine that can operate along the designated route, unmanned airplane used to spray pesticides, and looks like a driverless plant protection machine that resembles the Mars landing car ... thanks to the promotion and application of unmanned agricultural machinery, This smart farm realizes machine substitutions, and tens of thousands of acres of farmland employment can complete management planting only 26 professional farmers.

At present, my country's agricultural production has shifted from mainly relying on human and livestock to mainly rely on mechanical power to enter a new stage of mechanization. Since the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period, the total power of agricultural machinery in my country has reached 1.056 billion kilowatts, an increase of 17%over the end of the "Twelfth Five -Year Plan" period. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop farming reached 71.25%, an increase of 7.4%over the end of the "Twelfth Five -Year Plan" period.

The development trend of agricultural mechanization is profoundly changing farmers' planting concepts and habits.

"This year is better, and the output of the average dry valley per mu is about 1,000 catties. It is estimated that it can earn more than last year." Liu Chunrong, a professional farmer of Datian Agriculture Society, said that before the experience of farming, farming has learned to see data.

Liu Chunrong admits that when farmers are far from hard work, there are factories, seedling cultivation, digital field pipes, and unmanned mechanical harvesting. However, when farmers are increasingly a "technical work", they must continue to learn to "grow" and harvest.

He turned on the fields on his mobile phone, and saw data such as meteorological monitoring, soil monitoring, and field management of farmland. Liu Chunrong said that now he can manage 530 acres of fields alone, and last year, he had a field income of 130,000 yuan.

Technology applications effectively leveraged agricultural efficiency.

In the past ten years, the contribution rate of Jiangxi Agricultural Science and Technology has increased from 52.5%in 2012 to 61.5%in 2021. The degree of agricultural mechanization has increased significantly, and the level of comprehensive mechanization of major crops and rice farming collection increasing mechanization has increased from 54%and 59%in 2012 to 76%and 82%in 2021. Driven by agricultural technology, Jiangxi Province's grain output increased from 42.81 billion kg in 2012 to 43.85 billion kg in 2021.

To accelerate agricultural modernization, it is necessary to strengthen the support of modern agricultural technology and material equipment. Thousands of acres of Liangtian only need the story of 26 professional farmers, reflecting that the application of new technology is deeply changing the traditional agricultural production method. Only by continuously strengthening agricultural scientific and technological innovation and application can we bring the "Chinese rice bowl" more firmly.

Strengthen agricultural social services

Zhou Xiaomao, a large grain family planted in Laqiao Town, Jishui County, Jiangxi, planted more than 600 acres of early rice this year. But he himself was as a "shaking shopkeeper". He did not get off the field when the early rice was harvested, and there was no mud point on the upper.

"I signed a custody contract with Jiangxi Jinggangshan Grain and Oil Group Co., Ltd.. There is no need to worry about seedlings, cultivated land, farming, fertilization, harvesting and sales, and the water supply of the ditch can be supplied on weekdays." Zhou Xiaomao said. Do not worry about selling, there are two or three hundred yuan in stable income per acre.

Feng Xiaoqing, deputy general manager of Jiangxi Jinggangshan Grain and Oil Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jinggangshan Grain and Oils Company"), told reporters that the company has explored the development of order agriculture in Jishui County since 2015 to provide farmers with high -quality rice species, agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery services, grain food, grain food Social services such as collection and storage have now reached more than 210,000 acres, accounting for about half of the county's 430,000 acres of rice planting.

Compared with the past, today's agricultural socialization services are more abundant.

Feng Xiaoqing said that the company not only provides the "full -time field nanny" service for the whole process, but also has a "clock worker field nanny" that purchases single or multiple agricultural services. Buying social services is like watching the menu to order. At present, the agricultural socialization services of Jinggangshan Grain and Oils have involved more than 16,000 farmers in the county. With the continuous advancement of agricultural social services, relying on the platform built by Jinggangshan Grain and Oils, farmers can carry out mutual assistance services.

"During the harvest, I called two harvesters from the platform to help, which is as convenient as a taxi on the Internet." Liu Lin, a large grain planner in Fengjiang Town, Ji Shui County, said that he transferred more than 900 acres of fields. not enough. If you buy a few more harvesters, it will only take two months a year, and the cost of idle is high. Now, through the "agricultural machine" through the online service platform, the problem of agricultural machinery is solved.

Liu Lin's "platform" is an agricultural social service network built by Jinggangshan Grain and Oil. Relying on the agricultural service centers, village service stations, and new agricultural machinery service entities established by townships, farmers can participate for free as long as they register.

At present, there are more than 1,000 agricultural machinery registrations on the platform, and there are 20 agricultural funding supply enterprises, 10 agricultural capital channel vendors, and a factory seedling centers with 10,000 acres of seedlings. Grain breeding households can get related services at any time through the platform.

In 2022, the Central Document No. 1 proposed that focusing on key weak links and small farmers, accelerating the development of agricultural social services, supporting agricultural service companies, farmers' cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, grassroots supply and marketing cooperatives, and other types of entities to vigorously develop single links and multi -links , To produce custody services throughout the process, carry out order agriculture, processing logistics, product marketing, etc., and improve the comprehensive benefits of grain planting.

In the practice of grain planting, the fields planted by some small farmers are "small and scattered". How can they enjoy agricultural social services?

In the early season of the early rice harvest, Liu Lin, the head of the production service station in Fengjiang Town, Jishui County, was busy setting up harvesting and acquisitions to Tian Chang of the villages.

In order to extend the tentacles of agricultural social services to small farmers, Jinggangshan Grain and Oils Company has set up professional farmers such as webmaster and Tian Chang. Tian Chang was commissioned by the company to sign a production custody agreement with small farmers to organize farmers' standardized intensive production. Webmaster is responsible for managing several Tianchang.

From farmers to Tianchang, from webmaster to the company, Jinggangshan Grain and Oils Company's four -level agricultural production social service system allows small farmers to achieve a group development. By providing intensive operation and large -scale services, the company carried out fertilizer, medicine, harvesting and other work with uniform standards, which reduced the cost of rice planting per acre more than 15%.

In recent years, Jiangxi has focused on shortcomings such as seedling cultivation, machine transplanting, controlling control, drying and warehousing, etc., and vigorously carried out key link custody services for rice production. Essence Agricultural social services are becoming a bright business card for grain production in Jiangxi.

Stimulate farmers' food for grain

"This year's early rice harvest, with an average of 950 pounds, an increase of 200 pounds per mu last year." In the rice fields in Anyi County, Jiangxi, Ling Jihe, who had gray hair, said to reporters.

Lao Ling, 60, has transferred more than 50,000 acres of rice fields to achieve significant increase in yield. This is due to the continuous improvement of the management model of agricultural production organizations, which effectively stimulates farmers' grain power.

Fourteen years ago, Ling Jihe also made a building materials and mobile phone sales business outside. In 2009, seeing many farmland unattended cultivation, he decided to abandon business from farmers, and returned to his hometown to establish Jiangxi Green Energy Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Green Energy Company"). Essence

At the beginning, many farmers thought that the "boss" farming was unreliable. Ling Jihe carried cash to the villagers' house, and talked about the land transfer to cash on the spot. In 2010, he transferred 4,700 acres of land planting rice.

After more than ten years of development, Green Energy has become a comprehensive agricultural company with an annual output value of hundreds of millions of yuan. Ling Jihe has also explored a set of effective grain production organization management models.

Green Energy Company has 27 production brigades responsible for land management, and each production brigade consists of several professional farmers. These grain can receive a salary of 5,000 yuan per month and receive bonuses at the end of the year.

"Farmers become employees. The higher the output, the more bonuses, and the enthusiasm of everyone's grain is very enthusiastic." Ling Jihe said that the company has issued bonuses to farmers for grain farmers in cash for 11 consecutive years, with a cumulative amount of more than 35 million yuan. Many farmers who followed his fields bought a house in the city and drove in a car.

Nie Yiping is a professional farmer from Green Energy Company. He calculated the account for reporters: last year, their husbands and wives had a salary of more than 100,000 yuan, plus the 670,000 -year -old prize, and earned nearly 200,000 yuan a year. "My farmers' income is not lower than the white -collar workers sitting in the office," he said.

Of course, it is only relying on selling raw food to support the high treatment of professional farmers. From the fields of farming to the creation of rice, Ling Jihe introduced the organizational management model of the entire food industry chain.

In accordance with the organizational framework of "Production Brigade+Professional Cooperative+Business Division", the production brigade is responsible for daily field management, professional cooperatives are responsible for agricultural machinery services, and the business department is responsible for processing, sales, and brand building to enhance the professionalism and benefits of all aspects of grain planting. Among them, sales staff not only went to the market throughout the country, but also collected high -quality and high -quality rice varieties, feedback to the planting side for promotion.

For example, sales staff found that high -quality rice varieties "wild incense" high -yield and easy management in Yichun City, Jiangxi, and sold well. The price of rice was processed into about 3.7 yuan per catty, which was about 30%higher than the price of ordinary rice. In this variety of rice, Green Energy Company's annual processing and selling volume reached 20 to 30,000 tons, bringing considerable profits to the company. Today, this agricultural industrialized leading enterprise has a year -old rice processing capacity of 100,000 tons, which has launched a number of rice brands, and the organic rice price has reached 18 yuan per catty.

In recent years, my country's rural reforms have continued to deepen, and the quality and efficiency of new agricultural business entities have steadily improved. At present, there are more than 6.1 million farmers' cooperatives and family farms across the country, which effectively promotes organic connections with small farmers and modern agricultural development. Jiangxi, a large grain province, has cultivated a group of leading leading enterprises that penetrate the upstream and downstream of the industry. At present, there are 963 provincial -level leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, including 69 national key companies.

What makes Ling Jihe most happy is that farmers are becoming an attractive occupation, and young new farmers have begun to appear in the fields. Among the more than 370 employees of Green Energy Company, one -third of them are "80s"; most of the 28 people's agricultural machine team teams are "post -90s" and "post -00s", with an average age under 30.

Li Fuchang, who has just joined the job this year, was born in 2002 and is a fresh graduate of a university drone major in a university in Yunnan Province. He told reporters that unlike the impression of farmers when he was a child, farmland not only did not have low income, but also became a common agricultural machinery, and engaging in agriculture as a cool job.

"Through the innovative organization management model, improve the efficiency of grain planting, and use real income to let farmers see hope and stimulate motivation." Ling Jihe said that he wants to pass on the farce of farming to more young people and make his organizational organization. Management model introduction is introduced to more farmers.

Source: "Looking", No. 32, 2022

Reporter: Guo Yuanming Xiong Jialin Chen Chunyuan

Responsible editor: Zhang Ziqing

School pair: Guo Yanhui Meng Yahe (intern)

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