How the Netherlands develops high -efficiency ecological agriculture

● Liu Yan Zhang Xiaomin

The Netherlands, located in northwestern Europe, is a country with more people, lack of resources, and low -lying terrain. The land area is only more than 40,000 square kilometers, of which 1/4 of the land area is lower than the average sea level, and the light is insufficient for many years, but the light is insufficient. Its agricultural development is not only limited by congenital conditions, but has formed a unique high -tech green modern agriculture, leading the world's level of agriculture.

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Vigorously develop facility agriculture. Insufficient light in the Netherlands and scarce land resources are particularly unfavorable to agricultural production. The limitations of this regional environment forced the Netherlands to improve the utilization rate of land, combine information and industrialization technology with production technology, and use 7%of cultivated land to establish nearly 170,000 acres of nearly 170,000 acres. Modern greenhouses with a total area of ​​1/4, about 60%of greenhouses are used in flower production, 40%are mainly used for fruit and vegetable crops. Greenhouses have all automated control, including lighting systems, heating systems, liquid fertilizer irrigation fertilization systems, carbon dioxide supplementary devices, and mechanized picking and monitoring systems to ensure the efficient and high quality of crops produced.

Encourage the development of circular agriculture. The Dutch government attaches great importance to the research and development and promotion of agricultural cycle utilization technology, especially in terms of soil -free cultivation, precise fertilization, rainwater collection, water resources and recycling of nutrient solution. And promote the development of planting and breeding industries in the direction of clean production, adhere to the concept of "combining livestock and breeding", and continuously innovate the development model of circular agriculture.

Actively promote digital agriculture. The Netherlands pays great attention to information operations, field monitoring, and big data collection, and use big data to manage and prevent and control, and promote the implementation of "digital agriculture". In the advancement of digital agriculture, the Netherlands invested a lot of funds in agricultural technology development, and the "digital agriculture" technology led by large enterprises. Agriculture also has specific requirements for the quality of practitioners. Agricultural education must be carried out and projected.

Explore low pollution agriculture. After years of treatment, the soil and soil environment of Dutch agriculture has been significantly improved, especially the use of livestock and poultry feces has been effectively resourceful, the amount of pesticides in chemical fertilizers has been significantly reduced, and high -efficiency and low residual pesticides and biological pesticides have been widely used. The prevention and treatment of diseased and insect pests is mainly based on biological control, supplemented by physical control and chemical prevention, and agricultural environmental pollution is effectively controlled.

Explore the development of agricultural integration. In recent years, the Dutch's investment in agriculture has been increasing, and a series of land integration policies have been formulated to cultivate small, decentralized and fragmented agricultural land for planting land to promote the mechanized operation of agriculture, so that agriculture makes agriculture make agriculture make agriculture. Structure has gradually shifted from fragmented traditional models to large -scale and intensive development models.

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The "innate deficiency" of natural resources forced the Netherlands to pay attention to technological innovation and actively develop facility agriculture, circular agriculture, digital agriculture, ecological agriculture, and explored the Dutch agricultural models characterized by professionalism, intensive, high -tech and modern management.

Attach importance to the protection of land resources and achieve the sustainable green development of agricultural green. The Netherlands belongs to a typical country with more places, so the Dutch pays great attention to land protection. Adhering to the investment reduction, production cleaning, waste resourceization, and industrial model ecology are the key to the Dutch's promotion of green agriculture and the achievement of high -quality and sustainable agriculture.

Strengthen the support of green development technology and explore the development pattern of emerging agricultural development. By breaking the development and interactive barriers between departments and fields, the Netherlands will build a large -scale and multi -level circulation system of cross -industry chain to achieve the lowest degree of resource waste and environmental pollution. Strengthen the research and development and promotion of green development technology of the whole process of breeding, thereby promoting the structure optimization of the agricultural industry and enhancing the competitiveness of agricultural products in the market.

Improve the scientific and cultural level of farmers, and improve the training system for agricultural talents. High -tech agriculture in the Netherlands is not only used in greenhouse technology and detection technology, but also used in the analysis of big data analysis of field prevention and management. 80%of farmers have used GPS systems. The Netherlands has a relatively developed and perfect agricultural science and technology promotion and education system to enhance farmers' cultural literacy, technical capabilities and management capabilities.

(Excerpted from "Learning Times")

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