Sichuan View Survey 丨 Four Questions Sichuan Camellia Industry

Tea fruit

Chuanguan News reporter Wang Daqiangwen/Picture

"Sorry, I can't pick up." On August 3, Long Mei, chairman of Yuyang Yoyang Camellia Camellia Company, Wumeng Mountain, Sichuan, rejected a group of tea oil processing orders because the lack of raw ingredients camellia seeds.

The supply of raw materials is a problem facing many camellia processing enterprises in Sichuan Province. "According to the requirements of relevant national departments, by 2025, Sichuan will add more than 720,000 acres of oil tea forests to transform more than 110,000 acres of low -efficiency oil tea forest." Quality expansion.

Ask the family

The planting area is 580,000 mu, and the expansion is strong

In early August, the Camellia Camellia Modern Forestry Park in Rongxian County, Zigong City, and the categorian categorians of the mountains and the wild. "It will be possible to pick fruit in two months." Hou Xueyong, a professor -level senior in the Rongxian Natural Resources and Planning Bureau.

Camellia breeds cultivated by Rong County

Camellia is known as "Oriental Olive Oil", and its unsaturated fatty acid content is more than 90%, which is much higher than vegetable oil and peanut oil. Long -term consumption can help prevent and treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, etc. Camellia tree has been planted at a time, benefited for many years, and the stable harvest period can reach 80 years.

Camellia and tea sets of Baipo Village, Rongxian Dujia Town as a base

Rongxian is the "Township of Camellia Camellia" in Sichuan. It takes the categaining industry as the focus of the characteristic industry of rural rejuvenation. It has an area of ​​170,000 acres, accounting for about 30%of the province. Last year, the county's oil and tea output value was 420 million yuan, accounting for about 58%of the province.

Intelligent equipment in Rongxian Camellia Camellia Planting Base

It is not just Rong County. There are 68 counties with categorian distribution or proposed development in the province, and the core areas are in southern Sichuan. "In recent years, it has developed rapidly." Yin Guolan, an expert in the Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences, said that from the 1950s to the 1970s, Sichuan large area of ​​oil planting tea was planted in 1976. In 1976, the planting area was more than 60,000 acres. Since then, due to the lower price, a large number of abandoned species have been abandoned, and camellia forests have been destroyed by themselves. In recent years, the forestry industry has been paid more attention to, the concept of edible oil has been updated, and the development of the category industry has gradually entered the fast lane. As of the end of 2021, the province's oil tea planting area was 580,000 mu, the yield of camellia seeds was 28,000 tons, the yield of tea oil was more than 3800 tons, and the output value was 720 million yuan.

"From the perspective of the country, Sichuan is not a large categorian province, but the enthusiasm and expansion of planting are becoming more and more intense, and the industrial momentum is good." The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Forest and Cao Bureau said.

Ask for breeding

The gap in qualified seedlings is large, and the affordable nursery needs to be built urgently

On August 9th, in the National Camellia Category Base in Zhonghe Village, Lizhuang Town, Cuiping District, Yibin City, the tea seedlings were good. "The base was built in 2009 and is the third batch of national key forest species base." Liao Yuchun, the person in charge of the base technology, said that after more than ten years of development, the base existing Cuiping division and Jiang'an split garden, with a total area of ​​2562 acres, of which, of which, of which, are 2562 acres, of which, of which, are 2562 acres, of which, of which, are 2562 acres, of which, of which, are 2562 acres, of which, of which, are 2562 acres. Among them There are 1253 acres of ears.

"Cuiping divided into Cuiping No. 15 and Cuiping No. 16, which is a good cermination of categorian categorian. The base breeding capacity can reach more than 1 million each year." Guan Guanyun, the head of the state -owned forest farm in Cuiping District Relying on a set of effective grafting technology, it can improve the survival rate and seedlings of seedlings and seedlings through the rootstocks to germinate, take off, anti -ears, scavers, bandage, bandaging, planting, and careful care.

"The light matrix nutrient soil we allocate is made from peat soil, vermiculite, fertilizer and the sandwiched from us." Grab a handful of soil, Liao Yuchun said that this nutritional soil can increase the survival rate of seedlings to 90% to 90% above.

Liangye Zhuang seedlings are the foundation. How can seedlings be guaranteed? According to the relevant person in charge of the Provincial Forest Covenation Bureau, there are currently 9 good cedar varieties in the province; 5 ears are ravaged, with an annual production capacity of more than 2,100 million sprouts; 5 nursery, a total of 370 acres, and 4.6 million seedlings in the annual seedlings.

In Sichuan Province, some varieties will be filed and filed for species through good breed trials (recognized) and categories. At that time, some areas of southern Sichuan, eastern Sichuan, western Sichuan, and northern Sichuan can be promoted. The existing ears of the spike garden are incomplete, lack of management, and ears are used. Our province will further strengthen management, and adopt intensive operation measures such as sparse flowers and fruits, branches and plastic surgery to enhance annual production capacity, which can reach more than 30 million buds.

"Camellia seedlings from the grafting of the spikes and cultivating the seedlings to the gang out of the two -year qualified mute is expected to be about 50%." The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Forest and Cao Bureau admits that the maximum annual seedlings of the province's oil seedlings need 20 million plants, plus The demand for the ears of the spikes should be more than 40 million buds. "By 2025, it is necessary to complete the task of issuing the development of the cash tea industry in our province. A total of about 45 million categorian qualified seedlings are required. With the existing production capacity, the gap is very large." It is required that the laid camellia afforestation must be 100%used for good varieties, and the seedlings of grafting containers with more than 2 years are mainly used to implement "fixed -point ears, fixed -point seedlings, order production, orientation supply" to ensure that "clear varieties, clear sources, clear sales" Essence To this end, our province urgently needs to build a number of camellia to ensure the raw nursery and fixed -point ears to improve the production capacity and ensure all kinds of seedlings for cash tea.

This year's finance has allocated 15 million yuan in funds, supporting the construction of 10 camellia affordable nursery. The next step is planned to determine a batch of fixed -point spike gardens, and to introduce relevant document measures to further strengthen the production supply and quality management of oil tea seedlings in the province. Strong measures improve the production capacity of good breeds, and make every effort to ensure the completion of the development tasks of the Camellia industry.

Ask

Development sets, increase the transformation of low -yield forest land

On the scorching sun, Peng Huaijun, a group of 4 villagers in Baga Village, Bifengxia Town, Yucheng District, Ya'an City, came to his own tea garden to check the growth situation. The tea tree in the tea garden is covered with pigeon egg -sized oil tea fruit. Peng Huaijun's tea garden was planted with two acres of oil tea. In 2016, it began to hang fruit. Last year, it produced about 800 kilograms of oral tea fresh fruits. It was calculated at 4 yuan per kilogram and the income was increased by 3,200 yuan. Tea

The staff of the Forestry Bureau of Yucheng District said that camellia and tea planting can make full use of light energy and land resources. Camellia has strong anti -pollution ability, and it can also enhance the ability of green tea to resist diseases and insect pests.

What is the expansion of the oral tea? Rongxian will increase by 88,000 acres by 2025 and renovate 30,000 acres. Hou Xueyong said that the county has 50,000 to 80,000 -mu of tea bases to plant camellia, and will also plant camellia in existing Yilin land. In addition, there are more than 200,000 mu of pine -tailed pine forest, which can replace low -yield and low -efficiency forest land.

Hou Xueyong inspectes the growth of camellia

Sichuan Province supports the annual forestry plan to give priority to the task of new oil tea forest. In the deserted mountains, barren slopes, gardens, and mines other than the "one picture" outside the forest resources. Use the forest land fixed index of the same area.

The extension of the area must also be promoted. In the Modern Forestry Park of Rongxian County, many trees are hung with pest -lure lighting, as well as the Internet of Things facilities such as Jingdong Farm.

Since 2012, Rongxian has transformed the excellent varieties of oil planting tea in more than 7,000 acres of Yilin land and horsetatin low -yield forest in Rongxian. When the yield of good varieties of oil and tea is high, the average fresh fruit produced acres is about 1,000 kg, and the incidence of pests and diseases has dropped below 3%.

Camellia products

Since 2015, Rongxian has transformed more than 3,000 acres of low -production and low -efficiency camellia trees in the park. The first is to cut off the upper layers of trees and middle shrubs, eradicate the underlying weeds, branches, plastic surgery, fertilizer on the camellia tree, and adjust the density; the second is to update the transformation of ineffective camellia trees. About yuan. In addition, the soil can be improved by fertilizing soil measuring formula. With the efforts of many parties, the average oil content value of camellia rose from 47.5%in 2016 to 55%in 2021, and the maximum yield of fresh fruits increased from 145 kg in 2016 to 1100 kg in 2021.

The reporter learned that there are backward workshop -style camellia squeezed in some parts of Sichuan Province, and some farmers and specialized cooperatives have extensive management. In this regard, Yin Guolan suggested to vigorously build a model of demonstration bases and carry out more technologies to go to the countryside training.

Ask processing

Support enterprise extension chain, build supporting facilities

On August 1st, the grain and oil storage center of Longfeng Industrial Park, Xuyong County, Luzhou City, and the machine of the Camellia Tea Processing Workshop of Yuyang Mountain Camellia Camellia Company, Wumengshan Mountain, Sichuan. Essence The oil production line was put into production in October last year, and the capacity was overcapacity. "The county has 100,000 acres of camellia bases, but most of them have been planted in recent years. It has only been hung in the past two years. Last year, it only received more than 2,400 tons of fresh fruits." Said the relevant person in charge of the Forestry and Bamboo Industry Bureau of Xuyong County.

Camellia Harvest (Photo Conferring in the Forestry and Bamboo Industry Bureau of Xuyong County)

Insufficient raw materials are a problem facing a number of camellia processing companies in Sichuan. "There are about 50 camellia processing enterprises in the province." Yin Guolan said that most of the categorian tea processing enterprises and professional cooperatives have their own trademarks and brands. The extension of the industrial chain is not enough.

In the process of pushing the tea, Sichuan Province encouraged the oil and tea production area to attract incubation and deep processing enterprises, and support the application of oil tea processing enterprises to apply for leading enterprises and high -tech enterprises at or above the provincial level. "In the next step, our province will guide new types of business entities such as leading enterprises and professional cooperatives to set up initial processing points nearby, and build oil tea, dried oil tea seeds and virgin oily. "The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Forest Press Bureau said that our province intends to provide support for loan discounts, brand creation, and demonstration creation to refined processing projects.

Camellia Harvest (Photo Conferring in the Forestry and Bamboo Industry Bureau of Xuyong County)

According to the plan, Sichuan Province intends to cultivate the formation of a "one nuclear and multi -point" development pattern. "One nuclear", the core development zone of Chuannan Camellia Camellia Industry, is focusing on Zigong Rong County, Fushun County, Neijiang Longchang City, Luyong County, Luyong County, Luoshan Muchuan County and Yubin City, and Cuiping District. Vigorously promote the core development zone of the categaining tea industry with the concentration of construction elements, the integration of the three industries, and the outstanding advantages; Huili City, Pig County, and Xide County, etc. Anning River -Jinsha River Basin cultivated the category of categorian industry concentrated development zone.

Xuyong Oil Tea Planting Base (Photo Conferring in the Forestry and Bamboo Industry Bureau of Xuyong County)

"The development of the oral tea industry has been incorporated into the work assessment of the forestry system and rural rejuvenation." The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Forest and Cao Bureau said that our province supports it based on the deeper processing of categoria. Emid by 100 million yuan "Camellia Camellia Industry Park, building a high -quality development county for cash tea.

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