How to illuminate Zhejiang Modern Agricultural Agricultural Qingtian this international event in Agricultural Cultural Heritage

Zhejiang News Client reporter came to Yichen

Qingtian rice and fish symbiosis system.

Qingtian, Shanxian County, Zhejiang Province, has ushered in a heavyweight conference in the past two days -the Global Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage Conference.

Twenty years ago, the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) initiated the "Globallyim Portagriduralsystems (Giahs)" protection initiative. At present, 65 traditional agricultural systems from 23 countries and regions have been selected into the world's important agricultural cultural heritage list, 18 in China, ranking first in the world. The first selected list of the "Rice and Fish Systems" in Qingtian. In addition, the Sanji Fish Pond System and Shaoxing Hueiji Mountain Antiches are also among them.

On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the GIAHS protection initiative, the Minister of Agriculture of many countries, the envoys in China, senior representatives of international institutions, and experts and scholars came to Qingtian. The conference is large, high -level, and greatly influence. What inspiration can agricultural cultural heritage bring to the present? On the eve of the conference, the reporter visited the three inheritance sites of Zhejiang.

Huzhou Sanji Fish Pond System.

Harmony and balance

Find the path of breaking the problem from traditional wisdom

Field fish play water, egret flys low. In the midsummer, in Shiqian Village, Fangshan Township, Qingtian, the core protected area of ​​the "rice and fish symbiosis system" heritage site, the terraces are shame and layer. When the seasoned rice had entered a period of pregnancy, the local farmers were wearing a shade bucket and bent over in the rice circles.

"Don't you step on the fish in the water?" The reporter asked curiously.

"No, they are very flexible!" The villagers responded enthusiastically.

Jiushan half -water and half -water field. Above the hillside, there are different fancy stars printed on the hillside; under the hillside, a "Rice and Fish System Museum" covering an area of ​​4057 square meters is newly opened during the conference. Overlooking down, the main building is like a camonic carp that twisted the body, which is fixed in the mountains and forests.

Smart like a fish. The same is true of the agricultural cultural heritage. They are not dusty cultural relics and monuments in the museum, but they stay in the mountains and can "breathe".

Min Qingwen, the chairman of the Global Expert Committee of the Global Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, believes that living and comprehensiveness are the two major features of the global important agricultural cultural heritage. "On the one hand, the agricultural cultural heritage is the history of living. It carries the wisdom of the ancestors for thousands of years. It is still Fuze, which is the main agricultural production method and economic source of local residents. On the other hand, it integrates natural heritage and material culture. Heritage, intangible cultural heritage and other characteristics, have multiple functions such as developing economy, protecting ecology and inheritance culture. "

Finding agricultural cultural heritage is a self -examination and regression of modern agriculture. When excessive medication fertilizer and biological varieties have emerged one by one, people began to go back to ancient civilization and solve the problem from traditional farming. All parts of Zhejiang are shining with the wisdom of the ancestors--

As early as 10,000 years ago, the Zhejiang Central Zhejiang Basin, the ancestors in the mountains settled in the village, planted rice, eat rice, and opened the world's rice -made agricultural development process.

More than 2500 years ago, in northern Zhejiang, the depression in the south of the south, Huzhou ancestors cleverly combined the three major agricultural production of the local "planting mulberry, raising silkworms, and fish". The mulberry fish pond composite ecological agricultural system of mulberry, fed silkworms, silkworm sand, fish dung ponds, pond mud mulberry ", can be used for multi -level use of material circulation and energy, almost" zero pollution ";

More than 1500 years ago, in the north of Zhejiang more than 1500 years ago, the Hueiji Mountains, Shaoxing ancestors of the forestry, selected high -quality individuals in wild tree trees, and cultivated various uses of consumption, medicinal, oil, and material use and other uses through artificial grafting technology. The excellent economic tree species "fragrant", and as mixed grains, vegetables, tea, pasture, etc. in the forest, not only maintain the water and soil, cultivate water, but also cool down and humidify, regulate the climate;

In southeast Zhejiang more than 1300 years ago, Qingtian ancestors reclaimed the terraces in the mountains, and the fields were planted in rice and water to raise fish. Repeated trials and domesticated freshwater fish to cultivate local unique varieties -soft -scale rice field fish "瓯 River Caica" , Yitian dual -use, rice and fish double -collection, supporting the "rice rice ravioli" in mountainous areas with lack of arable land;

In the Southern Song Dynasty more than 800 years ago, the Hangjia Lake Plain, which is densely covered by the river network, and the Huzhou people Ye Jinyang invented the shell pearl breeding method, and the production of freshwater pearls has become a reality. This mushroom cultivation technology has created the precedent of artificial cultivation and utilization of forest bacteria. These breeding techniques have continued to evolve in the practice of locals and continue to this day ...

"One side of the wisdom of water and soil is pregnant. These farming models have come from ancient times, and time has witnessed their outstanding vitality." Min Qingwen said that the structure of agricultural cultural heritage is fine, which is the harmony and development of human production and life and the natural environment after long -term collaborative evolution. Balance, although they originated from the past, the ecological green development concept directly leads the future.

Shaoxing Gongnong climbed the ladder to pick the fragrant ladder.

Rebirth and activation

Farmers benefit farmers in the protection and inheritance

"Shake the boat, set the boat, Au Duo Ship, a dinner of Awu, six bowls in the morning, eight bowls of nighttime." In the ancient river channel of the village, Xu Minli, the chairman of the Yogang Yuzhuang, sang a local fisherman's folk song. The leader entered the core protected area of ​​more than a thousand acres of mulberry fish ponds with the vertical and horizontal and green mulberry of the fish pond.

On both sides of the strait, "fish mulberry garden", "fishing lanterns reflect the moon" and other stone carvings in Chinese characters reflected in the water. Homestay. "Boss, take it!" Along the pier, the villagers hung the basket with a bamboo pole, and warmly sent fish soup rice, raw men meat cakes, fresh mulberry juice, burst fish, fish round and other special snacks. Xu Minli took the points one by one to the reporter to taste it. "What you experience now is a water ecological cultural tourism route developed around the unique fish and mulberry culture of the inheritance land." She said, "Let tourists taste all the way, and truly feel the world's important agricultural cultural heritage '' ' Color, flavor'."

The leader of the agricultural enterprise that was affectionately called "boss" was called a native of Laogang fishery and peasant descendants. As early as the beginning of this century, Xu Minli keenly felt the huge potential of "Sanji Fish Pond" in rural cultural tourism development. Through the careful repair of the deserted wetlands, mulberry forests, fish ponds, and private houses in the village, she gradually possessed a agricultural cultural tourism complex of special dining, rural homestays, ecological tourism, agricultural experience, parent -child research, etc. Essence In the fusion of the village, the pockets of people in the village gradually drumped.

In November 2017, the "Zhejiang Huzhou Sanji Fish Pond System" was officially identified as an important agricultural cultural heritage in the world. With this "golden business card", the people of the Hong Kong people are more motivated. Many villagers who are working hard outside return their hometown and devote themselves to fish mulberry careers. Xu Minli was awarded the "Zhejiang Huzhou Sangki Fish Pond system to successfully declare the prominently contributed to the world's important agricultural cultural heritage work."

The daily life of farmers is a major commonality of agricultural cultural heritage. Experts believe that the protection and inheritance of agricultural heritage should not be "free of advance" or "repair the old as the old". More people need to know it, practice it, and develop it. Farmers are undoubtedly the subject of protecting and inheriting agricultural cultural heritage.

A participating expert recalled that when he came to Qingtian for a field investigation 17 years ago, he talked about "the symbiosis of rice and fish". The local farmers felt that this was an ordinary breeding method passed down from the ancestors. Now, in many towns such as Xiao Zhoushan Township and Fangshan Township, even if you ask randomly, almost every ordinary people can proudly jump out of the word "important agricultural cultural heritage" in the mouth.

Chen Haimin, the person in charge of Qingtian Preparatory Class of the Global Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage Conference, told reporters that 5 years ago, Qingtian established the Garfee Industry Agricultural Federation, and the county government invested 20 million yuan to set up Qingtian County Qiaoshan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. The symbiotic demonstration base provides the "five unified" production and sales support for farmers' rice and fish rice to plant the "unified planning base, unified cultivation of varieties, unified planting standards, unified acquisition and processing, and unified brand marketing".

Indeed, only by benefiting from the protection and inheritance can it stimulate the cultural self -confidence of farmers in the inheritance site and consciously participate in practice. Among them, it is inseparable from the driving of a new type of business entity to form a co -construction and shared interest connection mechanism; it also needs to promote the local government to effectively convert the resource advantages of agricultural cultural heritage into industrial advantages and help the people to increase their income.

Today, the value of Qingtian rice fish rice has also jumped from the original two or three yuan per catty to more than 10 yuan, achieving an average of thousands of yuan for farmers. At present, the size of Qingtian rice and fish symbiosis has expanded to 55,400 mu, of which 7080 acres of "five unification" demonstration bases have been expanded, with a total output value of 265 million yuan last year. Farmers' production enthusiasm has improved, and the internal vitality of agricultural heritage is sufficient.

Qingtian farmers harvest field fish.

Innovation and creation

Make the comprehensive benefits of agricultural heritage fully appeared

Xiangxiang, the first year of flower bud differentiation, the second year of flowering, the fruit mature in the third year, the three generations of buds, flowers, and fruit. Xuan Xincan, a villager in Dongxi Village, Zhaojia Town, Zhuji City.

"My father mainly focuses on planting. I focus on processing, running the market, expanding the road, and creating a brand. Now my daughter has also joined the Xiangyu Industry. She is responsible for online sales and live broadcasting." Xuan Xincan said. To keep pace with the times, he must protect his more than 30 ancient trees in the core protected area and inherit the citron's career from generation to generation.

There are 105,000 large trees in the ancient fragrance of the Hueiji mountains, of which more than 72,000 ancient cricket trees with more than 100 years of age and thousands of strains of more than thousands of years. Spring cultivation, picking and processing in autumn, cultivation and development for the rest of the time ... Since birth, Xiangxiang has penetrated all aspects of local farmers' life. For them, the agricultural cultural heritage is not only related to the past, but also the future.

"Agricultural cultural heritage has never been static. They were born in the wisdom of their predecessors and will continue to develop in the wisdom of future generations." Min Qingwen said that the sustainable development of agricultural heritage comes from it as an inclusive system, but it can Absorb modern science and technology and modern management concepts.

In recent years, Zhuji has pioneered the "digital traceability system" as the ancient tree of Xiangyu. The city's 42,000 growth of the ancient trees and surrounding environment of 42,000 more than a century of citrona have real -time dynamic monitoring and tracking management. At the same time, the local launch of the "Millennium Ancient Tree Xiangyu Protection Plan", launching the adoption and customization services of the ancient trees of Xiangyu, and guiding local enterprises to join hands with internationally renowned enterprises in different fields to develop and produce new products such as Xiangye skin care oil, high -end washing, and fragrant edible oil. , Extend the industrial chain with refined processing and increase the added value of Xiangyu's products. It is reported that in 2021, in Shaoxing's "small years" that reduced production by about 20%, more than 40,000 households in the city still realized an average household income of more than 2,000 yuan. Attach importance to agricultural heritage and let modern agriculture "return to the truth." Experts believe that when people no longer simply pursue output and focus on how to expand the function of agricultural production, a series of comprehensive benefits of agricultural heritage in ecology, economy, and social culture will appear, and they will become the material and spirit of rural farmers and spirituality. An important path of common prosperity.

Ye Ming'er, director of the Agricultural Cultural Heritage Research Center of Zhejiang University, revealed that through in -depth research on the mechanism of animal and plant interaction of the "Qingtian Rice Symbiosis System", he and the team improved the traditional model of "breeding rice and raising fish". Innovatively creating a digital standardized "rice and fish symbiosis 2.0", which increased the average benefits of rice fields to farm farming by 10 times. Nowadays, the new "Rice and Fish Symbiosis 2.0" has entered Yun Guishan from Qingtian, Zhejiang, driving the per capita annual income of farmers in Liangkou Village, Meitan County, Zunyi City, which has increased by nearly 1,000 yuan.

"More than 40%of the agricultural cultural heritage resources that Zhejiang have discovered from Zhejiang comes from 26 counties in the mountains. Its agricultural species, ecological products, natural landscapes, etc. have unique resources and market advantages." They will guide various heritage sites to incorporate the protection of agricultural cultural heritage into the "one county, one policy" to accurately develop, carry out creative development on the basis of protection, broaden the "two mountains" transformation channel, and add motivation to the high -quality development of 26 counties in the mountains.

The person in charge revealed that although the protection and utilization of important agricultural cultural heritage in Zhejiang is at the forefront of the country, a large number of agricultural cultural heritage resources in the province are still in a state of being identified, excavated, and protected. Right now, Zhejiang is conducting a census of potential agricultural cultural heritage resources across the province. The next step will be based on the work idea of ​​exploring the establishment of "regional important agricultural cultural heritage resources", and strive to announce the "Zhejiang Province's important agricultural culture in Zhejiang Province's important agricultural culture in the country. "Heritage Resource List" is a solid foundation for the protection of important agricultural cultural heritage in Zhejiang.

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