Agricultural Science and Technology in the past ten years | Xue Jiquan: Explore and promote the new model of corn gear quality collaborative innovation breeding

Interviewing Professor Xue Jiquan is the Agricultural College of the Northwest Agricultural Forestry Science and Technology University in Bird.

Speaking of scientific and technological innovation, he seemed to be immersed in the joy of corn germplasm resource scientific research and innovation. The quiet and wise light was shining in his eyes, smooth and deep.

"With the combination of seed quality as the starting point, promote corn breeding collaborative innovation, and created the breeding model of the collaborative innovation of the Shaanxi A group and the Shaanxi B group." It confirms the correctness of persistence for so many years. "

For more than a decade, it is also the unremitting efforts of Professor Xue Jiquan in scientific research. The Northwest Agricultural and Forestry Science and Technology University has established a "large -scale, multi -point and sustainable" breeding ideas through basic theoretical research on breeding. +Efficient selection method+new combination of multi -environmental testing "high -efficiency corn breeding technology system, in the new concept of international and domestic corn breeding, based on a simplified and excellent model, based on the excellent quality of domestic and foreign species, builds Shaanxi A group, group A group, and the Shaanxi A group, and Shaanxi B group two hybrid advantage groups.

These achievements of achievements have made the northwest one of the areas with the highest potential of corn production in my country, and also one of the four major areas of corn planting in my country.

Mode construction: explore new ways to improve the quality

Professor Xue Jiquan is an expert in the State Council's special allowance, a professor at Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University of Agriculture and Forestry, a member of the guidance group of the corn experts of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the head of the National Modern Agricultural Corn Industry Technology System Shaanxi Guanzhong Pilot Station, and the chief expert of Shaanxi corn industry technology system. He has his own unique insights on independent innovation of corn.

He believes that in order to enhance my country's corn breeding and innovation capabilities, we must not only use the potential of the breeding research and development of the existing public welfare scientific research institutes, but also cultivate the technological innovation capabilities of seed enterprises. The key is to give full play to the two enthusiasm of public welfare and commercial competitive breeding system, coordinate basic research, application research, and the relationship between public welfare and commercialized breeding, and organically combine public welfare R & D and commercial breeding. Here On the basis of building an independent innovation system for my country's corn seed industry.

"The breeding of corn is difficult to choose, focusing on the measuring and distribution, the key is the quality." Professor Xue Jiquan said, "The key to the innovation of modern corn seed industry is to have the number and quality of excellent germplasm resources. In a certain sense, we have grasped the corn breeding outline. We need to learn from the quality improvement plan of the developed countries to implement our corn gear improvement and enhancement plan to enhance the core competitiveness of breeding. "

The construction of corn breeding capacity includes industrial policies, germplasm resources, advanced technology, talent training and information services. At present, the country and Shaanxi Province have strengthened the growth and utilization, breeding technology and theory, talent training and information services in terms of quality expansion, breeding technology and theory, and talent training.

To this end, Professor Xue Jiquan of Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University of Agriculture and Forestry led the team members to summarize and analyze the history of domestic corn breeding and foreign commercial breeding experience, digesting and absorbing the theoretical results and breeding models of corn breeding at home and abroad, integrated scientific and technological resources, carried out corn seed quality Resource collection, appraisal and screening, group division of hybrid advantages, hybrid advantage group construction, optimization and upgrading, through the basis of 2 years and three generations, the two hybrid advantages of Shaanxi A and Shaanxi B group were constructed.

Professor Xue Jiquan explained that the corn germplasm group Shaanxi A and Shaanxi B group as a kind of quality system, after systematic improvement in the group, each round of optimization and upgrading is to break the old balance and build a higher level to build a higher level. The new round of hybrid advantages, this cycle repeatedly promotes the reconstruction and optimization of the germplasm system, reaching a new order state, thereby continuously providing useful germs to the corn industry.

The core is to use the group as the carrier to form a substantial collaborative innovation and utilization model that integrates the theory, technology, materials, and information to explore the breeding model of a corn germplasm coordinated innovation.

From 2009 to 2022, Professor Xue Jiquan and the relevant units were launched in Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Sichuan, and Xinjiang. Optimization and upgrade and multi -point joint improvement test.

The test implements the method of "five unifications" and "two points" in technology. "Five unifications" refers to the unity of technical solutions, constructing groups, selection standards, multi -point identification and communication information; "two points", both management and selection of testing and matching.

This method has taken the lead in exploring a new way to improve the quality improvement in China, implemented open breeding, and promoted the substantial collaborative innovation of corn breeding.

Improved the level of corn breeding and innovated the organization method

Professor Xue Jiquan's special research and development plan "Seven Great Crop Breeding" special "Northwest Dental High -Extraction High -yield Drought Cultivation New Cultivation" project scientific research, as well as the Shaanxi corn breeding collaboration group and Shaanxi Chun corn commercial breeding consortium, etc. The seeds of Shaanxi A and Shaanxi B group have promoted the improvement of corn breeding.

The innovation of the breeding organization of the top -level design has enabled Professor Xue Jiquan to realize the transformation of basic materials from blind selection to design selection. The transformation of hybrid combination and matching from blind measuring design and testing can achieve the scale of breeding tests, regionalization, and regional deployment, and regional deployment, and regional distribution, and regionalization, and regionalization of the breeding test. The data informationization and gear are improved, and a good gear material management system and a joint collaborative innovation system have been established.

He said: "Based on genetic analysis, cooperation, and anti -reverse evaluation, the KA and KB series corn self -intersections of the two hybrid advantages of Shaanxi A and Shaanxi B group have a rich genetic foundation, excellent agronomy, anti -reverse resistance, anti -reverse nature Strong (dense resistance, drought resistance, low nitrogen resistance, disease resistance), high cooperation. "Shaanxi Shan 620, Shaanxi Shan 630, Shaanxi Shan 650, Shaanxi Shan 660 and Shaanxi Shan 680 The series of corn varieties have been approved by the national and Shaanxi provinces. It has achieved preliminary results in terms of corn variety, breeding technology and variety innovation.

Shaanxi Single 636 became the first of Shaanxi to review the variety of corn varieties suitable for mechanized mechanization. The result was selected as the inventory of major scientific and technological achievements in Shaanxi in 2017.

Shaanxi Single 650 has the characteristics of "three lows and one long" (low inverted field, low seeds in the field, low grain water, low seed damage rate, long stalk time). The production of more than 1,000 kg per mu of spring corn and irrigated spring corn yields exceeds 1,100 kg. It has passed the general group of the Shaanxi summer corn general group, the spring, summer corn machine collection group, and the national Huanghuaihai summer corn machine collection group. From 2020 to 2021, the national good breeds were closed, and the national regional trials and production pilot zones were completed from 2020 to 2021.

This variety was selected into the 2021 Huanghuai Haixia corn (machine collection) display of excellent comprehensive performance, and it is also expected to become another breakthrough variety after Shaanxi Shan 609.

Professor Xue Jiquan emphasized, "The density of corn planting is a measure, and breeding varieties is a means."

In 2015, a test demonstration was conducted in Chengcheng County, Shaanxi Province. At that time, there were only 30,000 acres of corn test fields. By 2021, it reached 300,000 acres, with a record of more than 1,250 kg for two consecutive years. These tests are carried out in the same land of farmers, achieving target output and ensuring food safety.

The five varieties of Yuyu No. 1, Yuyu No. 2, Yuyu No. 6, Yuyu No. 9 and Yuyu 16, which were selected with the Yulin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, passed the Shaanxi Province for review; The breeded Weiko 15 and Baoji Agricultural Sciences cooperated with Baoyan Yu 218, etc., participated in the regional trials and production tests of Shaanxi Province.

Innovative organizations have enabled coordination of public welfare research and commercialized breeding to complement each other.

Professor Xue Jiquan expresses the theory and technology of corn breeding through theoretical and technological innovation research through the carrier of group materials, and then coordinate the relationship between public welfare research and commercial breeding through innovative organizational methods. On the one hand It can flow into enterprises and research institutes in an orderly manner; on the other hand, to solve the dilemma of the current talent, technology and materials of the seed industry.

The theoretical thinking of Takiya Jianyu

For the technical path of innovative germplasm, Professor Xue Juan summarized three aspects.

The first is the correct theoretical support. He said, "If you want to stand at the highest peak of science, you can't have no theoretical thinking for a moment."

From 2005, he designed and arranged related experimental research every year to confirm and explore. It is based on the understanding and absorption of theoretical research at home and abroad, and the relevant evidence and support of his own experimental research. The theoretical basis of force, special coordination, and the relationship between anti -inverse and seed production efficiency.

He has determined that he is based on enhanced adaptability, based on the introduction of excellent gender, innovation, and utilization, thereby strengthening the confidence and pace of adjusting the breeding direction, perseverance, and then improving breeding efficiency.

Followed by a clear technical route. Correctly understand the effects of genetic and environmental interaction, and to improve the quality of the germplasm as the main line to form a "excellent gear material+ efficient selection method (multi -point, high -density, low nitrogen and drought)+ multi -environmental testing Efficient corn breeding technical system for "self -intersection and hybrid test).

To this end, he formulated three phase of technical routes.

The first stage is to build a design and breeding platform (2006-2018), build two hybrid advantage groups of Shaanxi A and Shaanxi B group, based on the construction of gear, realize the transformation of basic materials from blind selection to design selection, forming formed Theory, technology, materials and models.

The second stage is to shape the process of breeding and breeding (2011-2018), attach importance to the choice of breeding quality, and based on multi-point test data during the testing phase of the self-diplomatic department. Realize the transformation of hybrid combinations from the blind test process.

The third stage is to explore the engineering breeding system (2016 to the present). From the selection of the phenotype to the breeding value selection to the gradual improvement of genotype selection, improve the design and breeding -process breeding -engineering breeding corn breeding technology system Essence

The third is the innovative gear system. Professor Xue Jiquan said, "The theory of corn breeding and technical foothold is the material.

Professor Xue Jiquan simplified the hybrid advantage mode in the breeding, built two hybrid advantage groups, and maintained the uncontrolled SCA effect in two hybrid advantages, adopted strengthening adversity choices, carried out multi -point joint improvement and optimization upgrades, and implemented process management management Essence This is an effective means to improve corn breeding efficiency.

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