Net profit is 590 billion yuan, which is the most profitable company in Taiwan!Where is TSMC?

Author: Lao Gu, well -known financial writer

Jack Ma gave a speech in Taiwan a few years ago. He was curious why a lot of entrepreneurs in Taiwan were elderly people, and many of them were old people in the years. Jack Ma, who is full of spirit, believes that the world is the world of young people. How can so many elderly people keep up with the development of the times?

It sounds like it makes sense, but Ma Yun ignores it. That is, the elderly are more strategic, more conservative, and more focused than young people. Zhang Zhongmou of TSMC is an example.

If which company is the most important company in Taiwan, the answer must be TSMC, none.

In 2021, the turnover of Taiwan Stocks reached NT $ 1.59 trillion and net profit was 590 billion Taiwan dollars. It was the most profitable company in Taiwan.

TSMC's position in Taiwan is a proper economic Optimus Prime.

TSMC source: Taiwan Style Circuit Manufacturing Co., Ltd. official website

According to the announcement of TSMC, as of the end of 2020, TSMC's total number of employees worldwide reached 56,831, including 3,8456 competent personnel, professionals and assistants, and 18,375 production line technicians. About 90 % of these employees are located in Taiwan Province.

In the political storms in recent years, TSMC has also been involved in the front desk and has become a much -watched enterprise. Even in some areas, it has become a key node. Today, let's talk about why TSMC can become a key type of family. enterprise.

01

OEM

As we all know, TSMC's core business is wafer foundry.

OEM is an industry that many people look down on. Do you work for others? Isn't it your design? Are you just processing it? Similar look down, and also given Foxconn.

This category has never disappeared online until TSMC became the focus of attention.

When Zhang Zhongmou returned to Taiwan from the United States to run Taiwan Power, he was 54 years old. At the beginning of the founding, Zhang Zhongmou gave TSMC a clear positioning, that is, the foundry semiconductor wafer.

Until now, we have inquired about TSMC from the stock market to TSMC. There is always only one main business: Foundry.

Zhang Zhongmou is a Xueba entrepreneur. He was born in Ningbo, high school in Chongqing, undergraduate and graduate students from Harvard and MIT, and then laid semiconductors in Texas instruments for decades.

Zhang Zhongmou

Many industry rules in the chip industry that everyone are familiar with now are actually driven by Zhang Zhongmou. For example, the semiconductor process he promoted has become a product standard. At the same time, he promoted the "regular price reduction strategy" to vibrate the semiconductor industry and rewrite the rules of the game.

He decided to define TSMC as the foundry as an eternal core business, but it was not a tide. In fact, he created a new track.

Before the appearance of TSMC, the semiconductor company was designed to the manufacture all by itself. Until now Intel still adopted this model.

TSMC is actually the pioneer of the foundry industry of the chip industry.

This pioneering is very awesome. From the perspective of economics, it is called deepening division of labor and improving the efficiency of division of labor.

The emergence of TSMC greatly reduced the entrepreneurial funding threshold of semiconductor companies and greatly promoted the industry's prosperity.

The same is true of the huge industries in China. A brand company can only be designed, branded and marketing, and production is given to foundry, which makes the entire industry prosper.

But chip production is an industry with high technical content.

First, you need a very powerful level of craftsmanship. After the chip design is completed, you must be able to process it; second, you need a good yield to control the cost. The client not only requires you to process Good quality and cheap price; third, there must be enough production capacity to cope with the massive orders of large enterprises; fourth, you have to have a good return to continue to develop.

If you look at the financial report of TSMC in front, you can understand that TSMC has achieved all the above, very high gross profit margin, ultra -high production capacity, and the world's first level of quality control.

The bright and beautiful Ali is now facing multi -faceted pinch, lack of traffic, rivalry of competitors, and the business model cannot be iterated. TSMC, which has only done one thing in decades, has more than twice the market share of the opponent, and has no rivals worldwide.

Zhang Zhongmou is now 91 years old. He retired at the age of eighty -seven. Before retiring, he still personally in charge of Taidian Electricity, and Ma Yun, in his fifties, thought that he was no longer the most correct candidate for leading Ali.

02

Where is TSMC?

Chip foundry, in the cognition of many people, as long as you buy the light carved machine, it is done. The reason why the mainland is not developed is because they cannot buy the light carved machine.

If you understand the chip foundry as you can do it, you can do it well, then you are too small.

Samsung, the most powerful semiconductor company in Asia, can only worship in front of TSMC.

According to reliable data, TSMC has produced more than 1 billion pieces of 7nm chips, and the yield rate of 5nm chips is also higher than Samsung. TSMC has taken over 50%of chip orders worldwide, and Samsung only accounts for 18%of the market share in this piece.

There are two root causes of TSMC's position in the chip industry.

First, TSMC's research and development and manufacturing technology invested a lot of funds. In addition, TSMC is only a foundry for wafer, and the R & D funds can be concentrated in one place.

Second, TSMC has more EUV light engraving machines, which not only guarantees production efficiency, but also guarantees the quality of production. What makes many people can't think of is that the Dutch Acel light carving machine that the mainlanders are in Zhez are actually inseparable from TSMC.

In 2007, TSMC and Acel made an alliance with Acel to develop an immersive light carvings. With the update of upstream equipment brought about by cooperative development, TSMC's craftsmanship all the way all the way, and the world is all over the world.

Prior to this, the lithography machine was the world of Nikon, Japan.

TSMC's Lin Benjian ran all over the United States, Europe, and Japan with a set of "immersive lithography" schemes, and no one bird all over the world. Finally, he found Acel to form a strong union.

It is very naive to understand TSMC as a company to buy a machine.

Regardless of talent reserves, or research and development capabilities, or management levels, TSMC is one of the best in the world's semiconductor. It is an enterprise that truly stands at the top of the semiconductor industry to promote industry progress.

In a industrial chain, dedicated resources are the real boss in the real industry. When the chip design and research and development are enough, it is not called dedicated resources when it is sufficient in IT talents, and chip design software, chip manufacturing equipment, chip processing technology, is the dedicated resource in this industry.

Special resources are the drivers of the industry, and are the soul companies in the industry.

In a law firm, who is general resources and who is dedicated resources? The office building, in the front, the small lawyers, these are all general resources. The real special resources are those barristers with rich relationships and good reputation, so law firms can only make them partners because they are the industry is the industry. Soul of the soul.

In the field of chips, the production process has become a dedicated resource, and even the key resources of the industry. Recruit hundreds of engineers and use special chip design software to design chips. However, if you want to produce, it may be possible It takes hundreds of billions of investment and countless professional talent teams, that is, in the chip line, the production side is the real core of the entire industrial chain.

Zhang Zhongmou's vision was spicy. He had insight into this point as early as decades ago, and all in a field, never shaken, no matter how much money, he didn't distract from other fields. TSMC existed because of the hegemony in the chip industry.

03

The inspiration that TSMC brings to us

Many enterprises are now prone to some mentally handicapped remarks in the society. They believe that foundry is a bad industry, that is, low -end industries. In fact, there are no low -end or high -end in the industrial chain.

Innovation in any link will affect the industry's pattern. Foxconn is a cooperative company that Apple cannot refuse. No one can produce a large number of high -quality mobile phones in a short time, but Foxconn can do it.

Mobile foundry is a key resource in the mobile phone industry. Regardless of whether any of your brand rises, you can only find a few large foundries to cooperate to eliminate them without other choices.

Quite a lot of Taiwanese companies are based on the foundry as the core business, and they are made into brands, and they have no choice for brands.

Many domestic enterprises have used foundry as a low -end and believed that the profit is low and believes that it is not as high as the brand. This is a completely wrong idea. In a certain field, it is deeply cultivating and establishing its own comparative advantages.

How to make an enterprise a proprietary resources in the industrial chain is indispensable and produce a key role, which requires the strategic direction of the enterprise to a field and constantly exert its strength to achieve this goal.

There are a large number of small and medium -sized enterprises in Germany. Many small companies have produced one two products for decades, becoming invisible champions in the segmented field. They are irreplaceable, and even many parts have become dedicated resources in this field, which is the key reason for the eldest company.

This is a long -term corporate strategy. This is an economic choice that implants itself into the global division of labor. It is a corporate strategy that strives to establish its irreplaceable comparative advantage in the division of labor.

A lot of Taiwanese entrepreneurs are older. They may not be as bright as the industry made by Ma Yun. However, their status in the global industrial chain is unbreakable. The corporate vitality is very strong. field.

For small and medium -sized enterprises, grasping a certain point of attack, thinking about corporate strategies with long -term thinking, and establishing its absolute advantage in this field is the key to step by step.

To rise in China's semiconductor industry, there are countless long -term doctrine companies such as TSMC specializing in a field.

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