Chinese scientists get a series of new discoveries in the Western Pacific Haishan

Xinhua News Agency, August 15th (Reporter Zhang Jiansong) Haishan is known as the "Underwater Garden". Due to special geographical characteristics and hydrological conditions, it has created a unique biological community and ecosystem. It is also a hot area for deep -sea biodiversity research.

In recent years, with the support of the basic resource survey of scientific and technological resources and the strategic science and technology pilot of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher Xu Kuidong, a researcher of the Marine Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has served as the chief scientist on the marine science comprehensive survey of the large scientific device in my country. The Sea Mountain Organization of the Western Pacific conducted a comprehensive survey of multidisciplinary disciplines and obtained a series of new discoveries.

According to Xu Kuodong, the "Discovery" of the "Science" and its equipment uses the deep -sea robot, and the inspection system has obtained the first -hand data and samples of the environment and biological diversity of the 9th Pacific Ocean. ; The large -scale biological sample library of Haishan, the most rich species and data in my country, and found the high diversity, high -specificity and low connectivity of the Western Pacific Haishan creatures, and published the most protected large biological 1 New Asian Science, the most protected value of Haishan, Four new and 56 new species are found to be found on the sea and mountains that have grown colorful coral forests, revealing the causes of high biogascular quantities that support the widow of the Western Pacific Widow.

The "Discovery" deep -sea robot is like an underwater tourist car. The ultra -high -definition camera, LED lights and various sensitive probes loaded on the car can "live broadcast" in real time. The "Discovery" also mounts a variety of equipment that collects water samples, sediments, rocks and biological samples. While collecting samples and data, in -site scientific experiments can be carried out on the bottom of the sea, and scientists "move the laboratory to move the laboratory to the laboratory to The dream of the sea.

On the surveyed sea and mountains, the "Discovery" almost saw the representatives of all animal doors, from the most primitive multi -cell animal sponges to the highest mammals. Microorganisms such as bacteria and native animals cannot be seen through the naked eye, but they often gather with small substances floating in the ocean to form the "ocean snow" visible to the naked eye, becoming the main food source of sea mountain creatures.

"Anemone, willow corals, black corals, pillar stars and other stab animals, glass sponge with different shapes, etc. On the dark and dark sea mountains, these animals are under LED lights, and some peach blossoms are full of trees. Some are like a elegant and chic reed, and some look like a large sunflower, which looks very amazing. "Xu Kuidong said.

"Underwater Garden" also lives atrocatis, snake tails, sea cucumbers, sea urchin, sea lily and other echochemical animals; double shells, snails, tobacco -gray crickets and other software animals; deep sea shrimp, crab, home crab, armor shrimp and other crustaceans. Common deep -sea fish active at the bottom of the sea mountains, such as sharks, deep sea dogs, sea -clear fish, catfish, etc., are also beautiful scenery on the sea and mountains.

Although Haishan and Lutongshan are also "mountains", the causes of formation are significantly different. Most of the sea mountains are formed by dormant volcanoes, mainly rocks and other hard bottoms. Some areas can form soft bottoms with pores or coral sand. Most of the land and mountains are formed by squeezing and colliding with each other in the mainland sector.

In the dark bottom of thousands of meters deep, why can Haishan become a beautiful and rich "big garden"?

According to Xu Kuodong, this is because the sea mountains can cause the rise, and by changing the flow field above the sea and mountains, forming hydrological phenomena such as "Taylor Zhu", which directly or indirectly causes the gathering of nutrients above the sea and mountains, improves primary productivity, so that the mountains and mountains are made of sea mountains. Compared with the surrounding deep sea, it has a higher biomass. "Taylor Pillar" refers to the circulation formed by the stable current when flowing to the sea mountain, which can stay in the sea mountain area.

However, not all the sea mountains have "Taylor pillar". The complex terrain, water groups and flow field structures and biological differences in sea mountains have caused large differences in the material circulation and flow of different Haishan.

"There are more than 30,000 sea mountains with a height of more than 1,000 meters in the global sea floor, and human beings have only done biological surveys on about 1%of them, that is, about 99%of Haishan is still well known. At present Deep Sea Observation and Deep Space's "Three -Deep" detection strategy, Haishan research has also ushered in new development opportunities, and more and more mystery of Haishan will unveil mysterious veil. "Xu Kuidong said. (All photography of this manuscript: Zhang Jiansong)

【Edit: Jiang Yuwei】

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