"Why do smart people do stupid things?" Because people have the "three" minds

In "" Computers want to kill virus, update and upgrade software, what about human brain? ", Reading Jun mentioned that the human brain is similar to a computer, just like a computer lacks specific software that it is difficult to provide specific functions, poisoning will be damaged, and the mental procedure will be damaged. The mental procedure will be. If there are defects or are contained, it is easy to cause stupid errors.

The problem is how to kill virus and upgrade human brain? Why do smart people's brains look good, but they are easy to do stupid things?

This requires us to have a deeper understanding of our minds. The three -hearted model tells us that human minds include the three parts: autonomous mind, algorithm mind, and reflection. Each part of the ability is different, and the performance is different, or wisdom, or ordinary, or stupid.

What are the characteristics and cooperation with each other? How to improve? Regarding these issues, readers can refer to the intensive reading of the Juntong Dictionary "717: Three Hearts". After the full text is attached, I look forward to what you can read.

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"717: Mie Mind"

Pre -thinking

Please read the following materials about Mengsa members and think about: What inspiration is this for you?

Founded in the United Kingdom in 1946, Monza Club is the world's most well -known high IQ club, and there are branches in more than 50 countries around the world.

The request for the meeting is very strict. It is necessary to conduct IQ test and only accept high IQ people "standing at the top of human IQ". It is said that the average IQ of Mengsa Club reached 148, while the Nobel Prize winner of the Physics Award, Richard Fisan IQ was only 120.

The Menta Monthly Monasa Announcement once publicly stated that people with IQ below 105 do not have to enter the meeting, and they do not understand the stalks they chat.

But it is such a high IQ group, but it is not as rational as everyone expects and has contributed. Psychologist Kis Steinovic has investigated a member of the Canadian branch, and found that 44%of them believed in astrology, and 51%of them believed in "physiological rhythm theory."

Everyone is familiar with astrology and has entertainment value, but it is not scientific; and physiological rhythmism is the new packaging old yellow calendar.

Both physiological rhythm theory believes that people's body, emotions and intelligence are circulated in accordance with certain rules. As long as you find the rules, you can predict what day this person will be, or what should not do, such as "travel today, avoid marrying and marry".

Although the word "physiology" is added, it also uses a sine wave curve to analyze the fate of people. It looks scientific and is still pseudo -science. This is not a matter of winning the IQ more than 105. For example, can you imagine that physicist Hawking will have a constellation column?

There are more than 120,000 members of the Global Mengsa Club, but in the 70 years since its establishment, only about 100 is more famous.

Two of them are people in the entertainment industry; only 4 scientific researchers are students or biochemistry; most of them are some cartoonists, writers, lawyers, athletes, entrepreneurs. No member has won the Nobel Prize. These people have won the biggest prize, probably Oscar.

Q1: What triple mind?

A,:,

1. Three Layer Mental Model, which is proposed by American psychologist Kins Stannovic that it refers to:

Human mind includes three parts: autonomous mind, algorithm mind, and reflection.

Similar to a variety of intelligent models, the three minds are also a thinking model that allows us to understand how mentally operates, how to affect the mental model, and how to affect decision -making and action in the end.

2. Why do smart people do stupid things?

This problem is interested in Steinovic, and it is also one of his research on the starting point of mental problems.

In the front thinking, Steinovic did a test of members of the Menza Canada branch and found that 44%of them believed in astrology, and 51%believed in "physiological rhythm theory."

Occupying and physiological rhythm theory does not have proven pseudo -pseudo, and it is not scientific. It is not surprising that ordinary people believe that ordinary people believe it. But as a member of the top 2%of the high IQ people, I believe this is a bit surprising.

In fact, the stupid people do more than that, but also include simply scams, believe in MLM believers, and think that they can accurately predict the stock market.

In the perspective of Stanuovich, traditional IQ theory is defective, and IQ is not all mental, just part of them.

Readers know that IQ is only a factor that affects the result, not all. However, because people with high IQ are very smart, they understand, learn, and master fast. As we see in programs such as "The Strongest Brain", the impression makes us deep. As a result, we easily overcome the impact of IQ on the results.

To study this issue, Menza Club is a good sample. Because Monaza absorbs the standards of membership, only the IQ is considered, and other factors such as status, income, and occupations are not considered.

If the effect of IQ factor is far more than other factors, then the membership of Menza's members is far beyond the success of ordinary people. Whether it is the probability and contribution value, it should be higher, but this is not the case.

Today's entry, reading the three profiles of Jun Jun, for reference for reading friends, and improving mental management capabilities.

Q2: How to understand the three minds?

A,:,

1. Identify the characteristics of the triple mentality.

Steinovic's triple mental characteristics, the intensive reading is briefly introduced as follows:

① Autonomous mind

Autonomous minds are the minds that we have evolved through evolution and knowledge skills. For example, when you see the beasts, you will be scared. Seeing food and swallowing is a genetic built -in program, which is an instinctual mind obtained through evolution.

For example, riding bicycles and swimming skills, after long -term training of the day after tomorrow, forms operating conditions reflexes, hidden and internalized into the mind, no need to think, near instinct.

The characteristics of autonomy are autonomous, automatically spontaneous, respond quickly, and no need to think.

② algorithm mind

Algorithm minds are usually called intelligence, divided into two categories: one is fluid intelligence and the other is crystal intelligence.

Fluid intelligence is a cognitive ability related to the basic psychological process and physiological -based, and it is also the ability of IQ testing and inspection in the traditional sense, such as perception, memory, computing speed, and logical reasoning.

Fluid intelligence belongs to the basic ability of human beings. Individual differences are greatly affected by talent, and the educational culture is less affected. Fluid intelligence is closely related to age. After the age of 20, the development of fluids has reached its peak, and after 30 years of age, it decreases with age.

Crystal intelligence refers to the cognitive ability based on acquisition experience in practice. For example, obtaining knowledge such as language, mathematics, and science is mainly affected by acquired learning. The influence of crystal intelligence is mainly manifested in the use of existing knowledge and skills to absorb new knowledge and solve new problems.

During his life, crystal intelligence has developed, and he does not decrease without age. It is just that the development rate is becoming increasingly slower after the age of 25. Some skills are useless under the conditions of new society.

Algorithm's mind is based on the algorithm. In the algorithm efficiency, I mentioned that the intensive reading of the king mentioned that the algorithm was different and the efficiency was significantly different.

Similarly, the minds of everyone's algorithms are also significantly different, and some of them are determined by the innate decision. From the perspective of intensive reading, the acquired impact is greater.

Readers can think about it. Hundreds of years ago, the intelligence of the philosophy was outstanding, but did not master the specific algorithm of the people today. As far as a specific field is concerned, the quality and efficiency of the event may not be as ordinary as the current fluid intelligence. Ordinary people.

Crystal intelligence is highly correlated with the number of knowledge crystals that is grasped. This is exactly the starting point of the intensive reading of the Juntong Credit Dictionary, allowing readers to increase the knowledge crystals by mastering the concept of common knowledge of the necessary disciplines.

③ reflect on the mind

The reflection of the mental process is that the mental processing process of overall monitoring and helping decision -making and judgment on the human mind process is a rational thinking expression.

Make an analogy, just like a camera behind you, observe your every move from the perspective of a third party.

The characteristics of the reflection are reflection, manifested as meta -cognition, reflection ability, etc. In the thinking cap, the blue thinking cap focuses on the reflection of the mind.

The above is the characteristics of the three minds and wisdom. Readers can further expand their thinking in combination with relevant entries.

2. Understand the process of mental processing.

To understand the mechanism of ingenuity of smart people, we must further understand the process of mental treatment, which means: how the triple mind is combined.

Let's look at a case first. For example, when you drive on the highway, you are cut into line by a fast driving car. You have a sudden braking.

Your autonomous mind will make the first reaction, want to scold the person in the line, and want to surpass him. For autonomous mental reactions, your introspection and mental monitoring has arrived. Your introspection mind knows that your goal is to drive home safely, not fighting.

So, reflect on the mental mind of the mind, and think about whether your autonomous mental response is reasonable: how much is the driving technology, how much is the danger of overtaking? The other party has this kind of cutting in line, maybe the poor educated people, the road anger in the anger, and even the drunk driving? ... ...

If it is calculated, your algorithm's mind draws the conclusion: the rational practice is that you do not scold others, do not overtake, continue to drive in a uniform speed, keep the distance from the clutch, and monitor the other party's dangerous action in order to emergency.

In this simple case, readers can feel the process of three mental cooperation.

Autonomous mentality automatically spontaneously, response quickly, on the one hand, braking, and a signal of fright, reminding us to deal with emergency incidents of being cut in; on the other hand, give the next step of reaction suggestion, scold each other and overtake.

In the above response, the autonomous mind is indispensable. Between the electric light, if you still need to calculate the mind and reflect on your mind (relatively autonomous mind), we may not be able to escape the danger.

However, the suggestions given by autonomous minds, mixing, and algorithm mentions to evaluate, and suppress the independent mental bad suggestion. The algorithm's mind is relatively slow, but it can comprehensively analyze the current situation, relatively simulate the advantages and disadvantages of various coping measures, and make high -quality decisions.

This simulation calculation is to practice in the brain's imagination space (such as having a problem after the overtaking, the response of the intermiles, etc.), not the actual execution.

The problem is that it is necessary to pay for high -quality decisions and effort, especially when facing complex issues, the problem and prudent judgment need to consume a lot of cognitive resources.

If the autonomous mind is "fierce Zhang Fei", a Mars is ignited, then the algorithm mind is "slow Zhuge", and you need to push slowly.

Let the algorithm work hard and walk on the correct thinking path is to reflect on the mental work. A reflection of the mind will remind the original intention and goals (such as safe driving home, not fighting qi), so that the algorithm has the motivation to calculate the motivation.

At the same time, if the algorithm's mind encounters difficulties and error leaks, the introspective mind will send a signal "It seems a bit wrong, the result is inconsistent with expectations ...", remind the algorithm mentality to re -calculate. In this process, if the triple mind is improperly cooperated, there may be many problems.

For example, some people reflect on the weak mind, unable to mobilize the algorithm mind, and suppress the adverse reaction of autonomous minds. For example, driving technology is average, overtaking for fighting, and traffic accidents.

For example, some people's mental calculations have defects and cannot simulate all circumstances. For example, there is no estimated probability of drunk driving in the team, and a traffic accident with drunk drivers.

From the Mitsukura Model, we can know the characteristics of the processing process of the three minds:

Based on instincts and intuitive thinking, all information must be used through the autonomous mind, similar to the brain border guards, which is the first reaction.

Algorithm minds, more implementation, reasoning, and calculation work, and reflecting the mind is the core of rational thinking. It calmly observes it next to it, and timely suppress, warn, and adjust the algorithm mentality.

Understanding the three minds, from the perspective of the mental perspective, it is not difficult to understand: Why do smart people do stupid things?

Studies have found that: rationality (introspection of mind) and intelligence (algorithm mind), generally the correlation is weak. In other words, smart people may not be rational, and cleverness and rationality are two independent development capabilities.

Traditional IQ testing only measures the algorithm mind (mainly fluid intelligence), and does not include any content about reflection. Those who test high IQ through IQ will be easy to do stupid things if they reflect on their minds.

According to the three -hearted intelligence model, cognitive scientists get a shocking conclusion: Smart people can perform well only if they are told to do what they want to do.

If you compare people to a car, IQ is like a car driving speed, and rationality determines the direction of driving.

3. Optimize the process of psychological processing.

After understanding the three -hearted wisdom model, we can make some optimization of the mental processing process in order to make it as high as possible to reduce the probability of making stupid things.

In this regard, we can start from two aspects:

① Copy cognitive murmur

The guidelines for the human brain are: if you can use your brain, you do n’t have the brain. This is the characteristics of congenital information processing of human brain. When using cognitive resources, the brain is very embarrassed and likes to take shortcuts, referred to as "cognitive ghosts".

Most humans are time to cognitive ghosts. This is the result of evolution, because the brain is extremely energy -consuming organs, and the human body storage energy is limited.

Our brain accounts for only about 10%of the total weight, but the proportion of energy consumption is close to 30%. Excessive consumption of resources, human survival will be threatened. From the perspective of survival, we instinctively reduce energy consumption, especially for less brain.

As far as the three minds are concerned, the brain can use autonomous minds, and try to reflect on the mind as much as possible. If you have to enable algorithms and reflect on your mind, you can run less if you can run less. It is best to stop quickly.

The common practices of cognitive ghosts are as follows:

The first is attribute replacement: simple replacement complexity, intentional ignoring complexity.

The second is the vivid effect: easy to be attracted by the live examples and ignore statistical data.

The third is the framework effect: the essence of the same surface is different, and the response is different.

The fourth is anchor effect: decision results, anchored by a non -logical value.

Fifth, prone bias: easy to extract as the basis for decision -making.

Six is ​​the inaction error: without changes, it does not change, and the status quo is preferred.

The above is not poor. Read the various cognitive deviations introduced by the Juntong Dictionary. Most of them have cognitive ghosts. If we can identify the perception of cognition, we can remind ourselves, mobilize the reflection and algorithm mentality to deal with it.

② Optimize mental procedures

According to the definition of Harvard's cognitive scientist David Parkins, the process of mental programs refers to the rules, knowledge, procedures and strategies that individuals can extract from memory to assist in decision -making judgments and problems to solve the process.

In Parkins' view, there are two types of mental procedures: psychological program defects and containing mental procedures.

The first category: mental program defect

Psychological program deficiency means that the brain does not load enough mental procedures that support high -quality thinking, and have not obtained the rules, strategies, and knowledge enough to support rational thinking rules, strategies, and knowledge.

To make an analogy, as if a computer lacks specific functional software, it is difficult to provide specific functions. If the human brain lacks the solution of the corresponding decision -making problem, it is difficult to think about high -quality thinking.

For example, lack of scientific literacy, what is science and what is pseudo -science is unclear.

For example, lack of probability of thinking, non -black or white, cannot accurately estimate the possibility distribution.

Generally speaking, mental program defects are due to lack of education or experience. However, there are also many high IQ individuals that lack important key mental procedures. At the same time, many low IQ individuals also use mental procedures to make a rational response. It is not difficult to understand that low IQ scammers can also deceive Dr. IQ.

Reading the Jun Tongjia Dictionary introduces the common sense of each discipline. One of the goals is to reduce key mental procedure defects. From the perspective of Stan Nonovich, five types of mental programs are particularly worth loading.

First, probability reasoning, such as understanding the basic ratio; second, decision knowledge, such as understanding confirmation errors; third, scientific reasoning, such as understanding correlation is not a causal connection; Different levels of evidence; Fifth, economic thinking, such as computing opportunities, sinking costs and other costs. Two category: containing mental procedures

The sewage psychological process refers to the quality of the mental procedure loaded by the brain, which is the culprit that leads to irrational behavior and thinking.

To make an analogy, as if the computer has a specific function software, it is infected by the computer virus and will be harmed. If the human brain is contained in the mental program, it is interfered by the harmful thinking virus, and it is easier to think about inferiority.

For example, common provider psychological procedures include: supernatural and superstition of faith, excessive reliance on folk wisdom and folk psychology, and financial misunderstandings.

What I want to Reading to Reading is that many scam organizers will use common practices of cognitive puppet ghosts, such as vivid effects, anchoring effects, and prone deviations.

In this way, the scammers can implant the pollution psychological procedures into individual cognition. For example, I believe that we get rich overnight, make money lying down, and the return on investment is much higher than that of traditional financial instruments. Essence

Stein Norovic believes that 4 rules can be used to avoid the sewage psychological procedures.

First, avoid installation may cause physiological harm psychological procedures, such as self -harm; second, pay attention to affecting your target psychological procedures and ensure that it does not hinder the choice of target choice, such as the theory that emphasizes that it only believes in it; And install the real world's mental procedures, such as not choosing excessive values; the fourth is to avoid refusing to evaluate the mental procedure, such as mysterious ideas.

In this way, understanding the three minds and the above optimization strategies, we can adjust the mental processing process targeted.

For example, make progress a little every day, supplement knowledge crystals, improve crystal intelligence, and enhance the mental level of algorithms.

For example, develop records, quantitative feedback, re -inventory, reflectional thinking habits, and improve the level of reflection.

For example, improve the level of scientific literacy and critical thinking, continue to internalize, and improve the level of autonomous mental level.

Reading each entry, or micro -mind program, or mental program component, readers can criticize the absorption before loading.

At the end of the entry, I would like to quote a paragraph of the investor Charlie Munger for reference.

"If you want to be a rational thinker, you must cultivate the territory of the conventional discipline, and you must learn across disciplines to learn important thinking models of important disciplines."

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