"College Entrance Examination Personality" has achieved the town as a questioner, and it also allows them to have no way to retreat.

Those who have experienced the college entrance examination basically have heard a teacher's sentence: "Persist again, you will be easy to enter college."

Many students believe it. The college entrance examination seems to be a clear dividing line in life: it was endless patience before that, and then it was late and deserved enjoyment.

However, the college entrance examination has never been a test, and its influence will not end with the end of the exam. On the contrary, in the later life, the "ghost" of the college entrance examination not only comes out in the morning when the college entrance examination has been awakened. It is also hidden in the life decision of life, "just finish reading", "just finish the blog", and "just finish the past few years".

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

At a wider level, the college entrance examination is the largest talent screening mechanism in my country at the moment, and continuously absorbs young people from small towns to large cities, and promotes the modernization process of Chinese cities.

Paul Willis, a well -known British sociologist and author of "Study Working", believes that if you want to interpret China's modernity, the college entrance examination is a good entrance.

From 2014 to 2017, Willis ended his faculty in Princeton, left the "Golden Galfa Tower of Teng School", and came to "huge, charming, surreal" China. Graduate courses of aspirations. At first he set up a lot of reading materials to the students according to the conventional teaching method and asked them to write a reading report. But I did not expect that the students talked about many people's experience in the report, and these experiences were inseparable from one thing -the college entrance examination.

Wilis observed that these students were "unprecedentedly optimistic" in the future, and they would sacrifice their current pleasure for their future themselves, and they will cultivate the habit of "delayed satisfaction", and then form a "" delayed satisfaction ". College entrance examination personality ".

Such efforts have made them successful in the secular sense, but they also let them and their towns from their origin gradually drifting away, allowing them to wear a "college entrance examination personality" mask in the age of personality and taste. Wilis believes that the college entrance examination may be a clue that connects many scattered social phenomena in China. So he adjusted the curriculum design and asked the students to share their diary to discuss how the college entrance examination shaped their past and continued to affect their present and future.

Unlike the teacher, life after the college entrance examination has never been easier. The "college entrance examination personality" has achieved the town as a questioner, but the real test arrived after entering college.

Sacrifice the current me, the future of me in the future

Wilis believes that the process of modernization in China has brought three changes to culture: worship of cities; aggressive consumerism; dependence on Internet and smartphones.

These urban fantasy dreams affect everyone almost, and become the goal of the students' efforts to pursue, constitute their imagination of "modernization" in their hearts -rural areas and good cities. Through their own efforts, they can live in the life of white -collar workers in the city. More money that can be dominated. As a tool on the Internet and smartphones, it is quickly destroying the values ​​of rural traditions. "It is like a teleporter, which brings urban life pictures, brings good worship education, and brings a free odor. "".

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

As an open, fair, and autonomous channel, the college entrance examination is considered an important path to achieve the goal.

In this context, according to whether to achieve the above goals through the college entrance examination, Willis divides students into two types: one is the G-ROUTERS of the college entrance examination, which refers to those hard work to study and enter the university after the selection of the examinations. Students; the other is non-G-Routers. They dropped the rising path at different stages. I went to college, vocational schools, etc.

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

The college entrance examination guide students are convinced of urban life and consumerism, because this dream is too heavy, and if it is not realized, there is no way out, they have to suppress the normal impulse and needs of young people, and actively alienate. Accept "delay satisfaction" at a mature age.

They seem to have two personalities, "the current me" to study hard so that "the future of me" can get a new life.

A student described that this process was like a performance completed based on a good student template, and he believed it. Another student is more straightforward:

My entire campus life, especially high school, feels like "living a non -human life, can we live a life in the future."

——Dorothy (P149)

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

In contrast, non -college entrance examination -oriented students choose to meet the needs of "the current me". They also yearn for big cities, consumerism and the Internet, but they believe that school education cannot allow them to realize their dreams. Therefore, they chose to realize the "three dreams" of the low -end version in advance. "Family.

Go to the city, go to the United States

Most of the Chinese population lived in rural and small towns, but almost everyone was looking forward to higher -level cities and assumed the responsibility of improving the entire family life. The ultimate form of such a "urban dream" is to go abroad. Just as a student of Willis wrote in the diary: Rural people want to enter the city, small city residents want to go to the provincial capital, provincial capital residents want to go to first -tier cities, even abroad ... Mom will ask me when I was young Where are you going to take your mother? "Of course, at that time, I didn't know where I did, and my mother told me:" Wait for you to grow up, you have to take your mother to the United States. "At that time, I didn't even know what" the United States was in the United States ", I just feel that it is a successful symbol.

——Colin (P109)

The rural pasta -like rural picture has been gone. The big city is the symbol of prosperity and civilization in the minds of most people. Many people think that living a modern life in the city is a more successful life. Under such impact, the countryside has become a place where people want to escape, and it is difficult for people who were originally living in the countryside.

The opposite of the city dream is "the sad song of the countryside."

A unnamed student in Willis wrote that one of his cousins ​​committed suicide at the age of 19: he was originally an ordinary rural boy, and he blows his whistle happily every day and work in the field. After finishing elementary school, he failed to enter junior high school and entered the edge road of "non -college entrance examination orientation". His parents felt that there was no future to plant the land, and forced him to study in the school to become a "city in the city." However, he was very painful in his vocational school and never blown his whistle. He felt that he became the edge of the school and the city. The boring and painful work ... In the end, he embarked on the road.

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

Even if he succeeded on the "college entrance examination orientation", almost all of Welse students knew several friends who had fallen behind the college entrance examination. These "non -college entrance examination -oriented people" are often so bitter and heavy, which makes the lucky people in the college entrance examination not only sorry for them, but also for their hearts.

Suppress consumption, delay satisfaction

In the eyes of teachers and parents, whether to seriously study a person's personality, distinguish between "good students" and "bad students". A student June observed that for the same illegal act, the teachers always opened the net to the students with good grades.

For example, teachers are more tolerant of students with good test results, and they may not be punished because their hair is too long or with mobile phones. The poor students violated the school rules to express their attitudes to resist the school. Teachers could not control their behavior and eventually gave up helping them. Therefore, in Chinese schools, the status and treatment of students are only related to the test scores. ——JUNE (P146)

Interestingly, students often associate consumption with "bad students". When the subjects were studying for the future, they were studying for their future consumption, and those who did not like to learn from them were buying mature and sexy clothing, smoking and drinking, and hugged consumption earlier.

A small number of urban children from high -income families can come into contact with luxury goods early, but they are often banned from enjoying consumption and can only focus on learning. Many students in Willis mentioned that in the process of studying, they were asked to refuse the influence of consumerism and prohibit things other than learning. "Academic achievements constitute the core of our identity."

For another example, before going to college, a good girl usually does not show her beauty to avoid distractions from academics. Joyce is a girl from the countryside. She recalled her hairstyle choice in middle school.

I wanted to leave long hair when I was in middle school, but my family believed that it took too much time to wash my hair with long hair, and nutrition may flow too much to my hair, not to my brain. These two points are not conducive to the college entrance examination. So a better choice is to leave short hair and not make up.

——Joyce (P111)

Although many strict management schools ban students from carrying smartphones, the impact of mobile phones and the Internet has already penetrated into the campus. Willis once visited a school of migrant workers and found that almost all students were playing with mobile phones. A student described "mobile phones are water, people are fish", because life is too boring and needs to pass time by mobile phone. Only a girl who worked hard said she used her mobile phone to learn, such as using a question bank.

Picture source: documentary "Senior Three"

Wilis believes that the college entrance examination -oriented students will become the founders of the Internet. They will use the Internet as a tool to participate in a more serious topic discussion, which will affect the world; instead of the college entrance examination -oriented students will become the Internet consumers. Play games, chat, watch live broadcast.

Unable to look back

After the college entrance examination, the "Titleists" finally got their wishes and started college life in big cities, but did they really do everything?

The rise in the education system is also geographical migration. The "college entrance examination personality" made them dream of getting out of their hometown, but in order to stay in the big city, the topics need to make more efforts. Willis found that college students from rural areas can easily feel a "strange alienation and anxiety." When they finally enter the university bridge through the college entrance examination, they enter the university in large cities, and they will feel that they are far less than children from large cities in large cities.

After reading "Unknowing Childhood", a student mentioned in his diary that although she had spent an unrestrained happy childhood, she hoped that her children would participate in various extracurricular activities in the future: this is because I found out that I found out The gap between themselves and those who have participated in extracurricular activities. They get along well with the people around, but I like to be alone in nature. They can sing and dance, and I sing and run. They enjoy a variety of sports activities, and I only run ... I tried to reduce the gap, but the gap seemed to become increasing. I don't want my child to feel like me like me.

——Joanna (P156)

The big city cannot stay, and it is also a difficult choice to return home. In the process of the "college entrance examination personality", in the reinforcement of urban dreams again and again, the town has actually betrayed their hometown psychologically. Many students mentioned that when they return to their hometown in the Spring Festival, they will feel incompatible with their hometown. The values ​​of their hometown have lagged behind. For example, girls have to face the pressure of marriage from relatives: they used to be "children's children", but now relatives have begun to persuade them to marry as early as their peers in their hometown. Become a leftover woman.

Those who leave their hometown will eventually be more and more alienated with their hometown. Besides, I left my hometown after hard work.

This heart is my hometown

Although the dreams that have attracted their struggle are still out of reach, most of them will choose to stay in big cities. Many people mention that the college entrance examination is a fair competition, and a large city is a fair environment.

I have said that I had to take my mother to the United States for the time being. He studied at Beijing Normal University and East China Normal University, but once stood at Shichahai and Bund, lamenting that he did not belong to these five light and ten -colored cities. Nevertheless, he still wants to stay here, because big cities have better medical, education, public facilities, etc., because of fairness.

I am more willing to be a person who promotes changes in big cities, instead of staying in small cities and waiting for changes.

——Colin (P165)

Although it is not easy to stay in a big city, it does not matter. These students have become accustomed to the "college entrance examination personality" -ether constantly working hard and sacrificing themselves.

They are always preparing for "future". After the college entrance examination, there are also postgraduate entrance examinations, compilations, and assessments. The next trial will always come. Exams have become a way of existence in them, and they are constantly preparing for the exams to make more preparations for more exams in the future. "Now" is always temporary, short -lived, and disappeared.

Wilis pointed out that in them, the responsibility and delaying satisfaction have formed a deep -rooted habit, which is contrary to the aspects of the pursuit of sensory satisfaction and self -expression in modernity. "Maybe they will always sacrifice themselves."

It can be said that when the subjects decided to go out of the town, they set foot on a lone journey without returning or an end. Their success also means bidding farewell to their origin and saying goodbye to their hometown. A student described: "The more successful you are in the city, the more you have changed."

However, many people are working hard to reconcile with themselves. Willis's student Joanna mentioned a widely circulated article many years ago, entitled "I have been struggling for 18 years before sitting with you to drink coffee". In the year, he finally sat down with children in big cities. However, Joanna wrote:

I don't know why I have to drink coffee with you. What does it matter if I don't drink coffee? Life does not depend on where you are sitting, what car you drive, and how much tea fees are paid. It depends on the attitude of the tea in your hand.

The "me in the future" that can enjoy the fun may never come. But sometimes the titles are desperate, just a temporary stop -unloading their college entrance examination personality, and the time of Ren Ren screamed passing by. At this moment, at the moment, drink the cup of tea in your hand, taste it carefully, and taste it carefully. All of them.

references

Willis P. Being Modern in China: A Western Cultural Analysis of Modernity, TraDition and Schooling in China Today [M]. John Wiley Sons, 2019.

Author: Maya Blue

Edit: Turn over, swimming

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