Chen Zongji: Shin in the revitalization of China

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"Scientific Life · Centennial" academician style

For more than 60 years since the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1499 academicians have been selected and hired. In 2022, there were 20 academicians of the century -old birthday, including Academician Yang Zhenning, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, Academician Wu Mengchao, and Academician Wu Liangzheng of the National Supreme Science and Technology Award. The "Scientific Power" column will continue to publish the stories of these academicians to show their life style.

"I chose it. I returned to my motherland -China. I want to govern the Yellow River that is always flooded." This is the ambition of Chen Zongji when he was studying in the Netherlands.

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Chen Zongji

(1922 ~ 1991)

Ancestral native of Anxi, Fujian, born in Indonesia

Internationally renowned rock mechanics and earth dynamics experts

The founder of Chinese Rock Mechanics and Engineering Discipline

Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Chen Zongji is a sincere patriot, and "to revitalize China" is his lifelong belief.

He established the first soil flow change and earth -powered studies in New China, creating a research of a new discipline of the earth dynamics, and put forward key suggestions at the scene of the construction of Gezhouba.

As an outstanding representative of the Chinese scientific and technological community, he has made his debut in international exchanges since the 1950s. He was invited to lecture in the United States, Japan, France, the Netherlands, Belgium and other places to win high honors for China.

"I chose it, I returned to my motherland -China"

Chen Zongji was born in Anxi County, Fujian Province. He was born in 1922 in Wuxi Town, Java Island, Indonesia. He was a traditional patriotic tutor when he was young. He remembered that he was a descendant of Yan and Huang, and was full of deep nostalgia for the motherland. Occasionally, Chen Zongji learned that the distant motherland had a Yellow River often flooding, bringing a serious disaster to the lower reaches, so he decided to learn water conservancy and share the worries of the motherland.

In 1946, Chen Zongji entered the Department of Water Conservancy Engineering, Dolfte University of Science and Technology. After graduation, the Delph Institute of Earth Lower Institute hired him to go to the institute to further carry out relevant research work. From 1952 to 1954, under the guidance of Professor Poggs, a well -known physicist and mechanic of the Royal Academy of Sciences, he introduced the experimental research and theoretical exploration of soil flow changes in modern flow change, plastic mechanics, and collagen chemistry. The earliest foundation of earth flow change in the world has created a new research way for the mechanics. In 1954, he obtained a doctorate degree in Delph University of Science and Technology for studying the outstanding achievements of the earth flow.

"I chose it. I returned to my motherland -China. I want to govern the Yellow River that is always flooded." This is the ambition of Chen Zongji when he was studying in the Netherlands.

Chen Zongji is not only a young expert with a doctorate degree and a good reputation, but also proficient in the language of Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Indonesia. Many research institutions in the United States and Indonesia also invited at high salaries, but Chen Zongji declined to prosper and returned to the motherland.

Tears under Gezhou dam flow

After returning to China in 1955, Chen Zongji first worked at the Civil Architecture Research Institute of Harbin Chinese Academy of Sciences. As soon as I arrived at Harbin, I encountered a cold winter of minus 45 ° C. He was in the ward, his heart was in the institute, and he was in a hurry to be discharged from the hospital without waiting for the condition. Although the environment is difficult, Chen Zongji still establishes the first earth flow change and earth -power studio research room in New China in a short period of time.

In 1958, the state decided to develop the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Resources and the construction of the Three Gorges Project. Chen Zongji was excited after knowing that it was a good opportunity for the exhibition to report to the motherland. Subsequently, the State Science and Technology Commission decided to establish the Three Gorges Rocky Research Team, which was at the Yangtze River Basin Planning Office (Long Office) and appointed Chen Zongji as the science and technology team leader.

In this way, the Chen Zongji family moved from Harbin, which dripped in the winter to Wuhan, which was hot in summer. The leaders of the long -term office learned that Chen Zongji was about to come and was very happy. He arranged for him and was equipped with a special car. He was declined by him. He believes that returning from overseas should try to make a piece with the masses, and does not require special living benefits. At his repeated request, the long office had to provide him with two simple housing. After An family, Chen Zongji immediately led everyone to invest in intense battles and achieved a series of high -level test research results in the short term. The arrival of Chen Zongji has effectively driven the development of the discipline and has also cultivated a large number of technological backbone for China.

After the Tangshan earthquake occurred, Chen Zongji was anxious. In order to alleviate the earthquake disaster, he created a new subject of earth dynamics at the Institute of Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1977. He personally instructed the preparation of the high -temperature and high -pressure laboratory of the land, and developed a set of high -temperature high -pressure experimental instruments with international advanced levels. The largest set was recognized as the most advanced internationally internationally. These instruments have laid the foundation for major topics such as earthquake forecasting and mining mechanisms. On this basis, he studied the mechanism of the Tangshan earthquake, the Himalayas Mountain Mountain Mountain Movement, and the rising causes of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau.

In 1981, during the construction of Gezhouba, Chen Zongji was invited to attend the Gezhouba interception meeting. When Dajiang intercepts, when Longkou remains more than 20 meters, the water level rises rapidly, the flow rate is accelerated, and the rolling waves are rolling in the river. When the 25 -ton concrete tetraon was put into Longkou, Jiang Tao was rolled away by the roaring, and the staff on the scene were anxious to sweat their hands, and the mood was very nervous. After estimating, Chen Zongji immediately made suggestions to the person in charge of the project that he used the steel wire rope to throw a few four -sided system together. Chen Zongji's suggestion was adopted by the engineering unit. When the "grape skewers" were thrown into Longkou together, the river water could not go away, and the interception of Dajiang finally succeeded. Water changes are water conservancy! At the construction site of Dajiang, Chen Zongji saw the scene where the Yangtze River was first conquered for the first time, and was so excited that he was so excited. After the completion of Gezhouba, he can generate a lot of electricity and benefit human beings. He is honored to be able to participate in the construction of this great project.

International first, Chen's doctrine

For a long time, there are major construction projects in the country. Chen Zongji has overcome difficulties. The problems encountered in the development of the country have become a topic of Chen Zongji's scientific research, and he himself has become a world -class scientist in this process.

He presided over the establishment of the world's first -class soil flow change, rock flow change, and rock high temperature and high pressure laboratory, and developed dozens of advanced instruments and equipment. Only the rock high temperature and high pressure laboratory developed three sets of high temperature with international advanced levels. High -pressure experimental instrument equipment. In 1957, Chen Zongji proposed the new doctrine of "clay structure" to clarify the changes and destruction characteristics of the soil. Norwegian physical chemist Rosenvist observed the doctrine with an electronic microscope. Later, the doctrine was also included in foreign textbooks.

Internationally, Chen Zongji proposed the theory of three -way solid change of soil. Prior to this, the international factors generally believed that time factor was caused by consolidation. The theory of Chen Zongji emphasized that the flow of earth skeleton flow caused by the amount of bias stress has an important position. Through experiments and theoretical derivation, he obtains the secondary time effect that has not been resolved in the mid -long period of soil force.

The famous American scholar Renzz commented: "In the existing three -way solidaries, Chen Zongji's assumptions are the most realistic. His scientific research channels include the possibility of unlusable future development, according to the possibility of" The further development of his way is meaningful for this cause. "

Today, there are many doctrine and techniques in rock mechanics, flow mechanics and earth dynamics, and are directly named "Chen's." In terms of geotechnical changes, Chen Zongji wrote more than 70 papers, mainly "The Theory of Three -way Consolidation Flow Change of Clane", "Testing of Clatform Stream Transition Parameters and Survey Coefficients", etc. A major influence.

As an outstanding representative of the Chinese science and technology community, Chen Zongji is committed to science and technology for life and is famous for overseas. In 1980, Chen Zongji was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (academicians). In 1984, he was selected as a foreign academician by Royal Belgium Science, Literature and Arts.

On September 2, 1991, Chen Zong's genetic disease died in Shanghai at the age of 69. And his aspirations of "aspiring to revitalize China" will always be worthy of people's learning and respect.

("Well -off" · China Well -off reporter Li Huijun comprehensively organized)

This article was published in "Well -off" in late July 2022

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