[Folk Culture] Northern Sichuan folk drum blower ‖ Huang Zaelin

Northern Sichuan folk drum blower

Huang Zaolin

From ancient times, the etiquette of people's marriage and funeral, like a vivid and vivid picture of folklore, the ancient and standardized stream of wind and customs. Although after the times and the changes of customs, they still have uniqueness in gorgeous folk culture. Different color.

As the saying goes, ten miles are different, and hundreds of miles are different. For many years, the vast Sichuan -Shu land stems from the natural environment. Even if it is crossing the state to cross the county, there are inheritance and regional differences in the polish and customs of the folks to operate red and white affairs. Although the procedures and scenarios of demonstrations in various places are not similar or even their own system, only the word "hi" has become a good story agreed in the common people.

Once, such rhetoric was circulated in the northern Sichuan folk: marriage is a big thing in life, it should be congratulatory, or a white matter, and the right to do the red affairs, the lively atmosphere is indispensable. Because of this, any folk marriage and sacrifice etiquette must be invited to participate in the people. Especially in the rural areas of Shanxiang, even if they are poor, they must be handled according to this custom. Not to mention that there were few Suona artists and drum players in the northern urban township of Chuan that year. They met the commonly known Huang Daoji Day in the folk, and the owner asked, the West family, and sometimes Zhang Luo could not open.

Looking back at the 1950s and 1960s, it can be said that this kind of folk customs have evolved into the cultural phenomenon of people who respect personality and pursue romantic culture in the penetration and integration of folk art. As an example, the south of the suburban farm is an example. Whenever the New Year's Eve running a happy event, anyone who wants everyone to make a lively, spending human resources and financial resources, speaking powsing, fighting for face, and even comparing each other. From this, there are a lot of joy programs during the period of great joy. From the lively drums and firecrackers, all the way to send dowry, sedan sedan, grab wealth, until a series of celebrations such as saluting, worshiping and getting married. It is also necessary to make a dozen days. Besides, the custom of operating the funeral, if you sacrifice the elders, the scenes are no less than the red things. Whether you are mourning or sending a funeral, you will not leave the gongs and drums. What's more, please come to the drama class, play friends, sing filial piety, relatives and friends accompany the artist to reach all night.

In fact, the drum player and folk blowing class are just a name that people speak. Accurate interpretation should be the collective name of the Suona artist and drum player. As the saying goes, although the sparrows are small, the liver and gallbladder are all. The small folk blowing class also has a leader (the first), and its responsibilities are to contact external contacts, internal coordination and arrangement. There are few members and as many as ten people. They are composed of social amateur instrumental enthusiasts, and they also participate in folk artists. For a long time, the combination of personnel, the matching of musical instruments, and the use of song cards in folk class are quite unique. Including their "going on" and "installation" are also full of rich regional characteristics. For example: folk artists in northern Sichuan are used to loading musical instruments with back or 褡裢, as if they are dressed as "five craftsmen". It is said that this dress is economical and affordable, convenient for way, and also produce advertising effects.

Suon in Suona, commonly known as "speaker" and "Sarak", is a long -standing national and folk play instrument. The characteristics of its large volume and high sound and bright sound are loved by the masses. Especially the use of gongs and drums at the same time can create a warm and joyful atmosphere. According to legend, there was a saying of "ten gongs and nine places in nine places" in the northern Sichuan people. Especially the New Year's festive festivals, playing lion dance, and people who wish to live in the New Year and worshiping Buddha in the mountains, folk drum players will come in handy. It is not difficult to find that there is also an unwritten inheritance of folk blowing classes in inheriting the tradition. Its expression can be divided into two types: "sitting and blowing" and "walking". The so -called "sitting and blowing" refers to a ritual in a relatively fixed venue, such as marriage, congratulations, and mourning. "Blowing" is a form of travel in etiquette such as welcoming relatives, pick -up, Chaoshan, and burial.

Different customs and different forms also have certain rules for the location of the drum blower. For example, "sitting and blowing", where the red things are usually placed in the courtyard dam or other conspicuous places; if the white matter is operated, the blowing class is placed in a corner of the edge or not noticeable. For example, the gifts and customs of "walking", the drum player must walk in front of the team to show the wishes of "welcoming"; and the drummer in the white things can only follow the tail of the team to express the idea of ​​"sorrow". If you follow the custom of the northern Sichuan folk musicians, it will also summarize the rules of "three blows and three without blowing". Whenever the formal occasion, the official ritual, and the welcome guests will blow; if the neutral in front of the wedding etiquette, the cave of the newlywed wedding event, and the return of the funeral burial, the drums are taboo.

When it comes to folk suona, older artists often say "Huqin Three Belongs, Suona Son in the morning". The listener seems to be simple, but the practice is deep. It can be said that the folk suona is the same as other ethnic musical instruments. Moreover, hundreds of folk suona songs, even the wide and commonly used song cards, are enough to blow the player for three years and five years. According to the exam, the folk suona artists of that year are generally ancestors, and they generally do not know the notation. Whenever the artist, writing and singing, and recitation of the song cards can only use the ancient "ruler spectrum". However, the later primary school's head -and -brain light, keeping pace with the times, quickly got rid of this model.

Needless to say, it is derived from the folk blowing class. Most of them are swimming teams, and even short -term partnerships, so the level of blowing is uneven. For example, in the etiquette of "following the flower sedan" and "over the wine", there are often two suona artists play "Suona Welcome", "Get up", "Girls for Girls", "Girls", "Dress", "Wannianhong" 》 Wait, when you hear the tone and skills, you know that it is the old man of the ancestor. In their words, artists who can control so many songs are good at the skills of teacher biography -qigong work. It is said that some experts have extraordinary skills, and they can blow a slope in one go. Besides, in the ceremony of the funeral, folk suona can be described as a unique victory. However, every drum gong sounds, the three blowing cards "Geng Niang Qu", "Tune of the Tune" and "Crying Spirit" are essential. In contrast, most of the buds who knocked on the back drums, dumplings, and dangli gongs, most of them were half a can of water that had been practiced for three or five days. Tips at all. Perhaps it is the unique artistic color of the northern Sichuan folk suona. It originated from the traditional songs inheriting the traditional song. After years of baptism, the young Suona apprentices adapt to the trend. The debugging of the suona tunes, using the new and old combined play skills, gradually added songs such as "Crying Emperor" and "Mountains and Rivers". Even so, it still retains dozens of songs such as the most commonly used and popular "ants on the ants", "Goose Flash Wings" and "Lazy Bulls uphill" in northern Sichuan.

Times are changing. Nowadays, people who run red and white happy events have their own good: gift cars traveling, traveling, collective weddings, trees planting, flowering and memorial service, and so on. However, farmers in remote mountain villages still love the traditional customs, and even regard the etiquette of "lifting flowers and sending brides" as an ancient entertainment activity. See the style of folk culture.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Text/picture: Huang Zaelin

Supply: Nanchong City Local Chronicles Office

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