Liu Yuejin’s Nankai Reading Year and Academic Road

A photo of Graduates and Teachers at the Chinese Department of Nankai University

Text /Liu Yuejin

After taking the college entrance examination in Miyun Mountain in Beijing at the end of 1977, I walked into Nankai University in the spring of 1978. Since then, I have been fortunate to get the guidance of many teachers and gradually embark on the road of academic research.

There are 77 freshmen at the Chinese Department of Nankai University. On the age of age, I am 70th and belongs to the small character. On the second day of the registration, the leader of the department explained the curriculum of the Chinese Department, two categories (political courses and professional courses), a total of seventeen doors: situation education, party history, philosophy, political economics, international common movement history, literary theory theory of art and art theory , Modern literature, modern Chinese, writing, classical literature, ancient Chinese, foreign literature, tool books, special courses, English, sports, military. The first three years are basic courses, and the last year is a professional course. In addition, there are some elective courses and special lectures, which are rich in content. In the eight semesters of four years, foreign language learning tasks are the heaviest. I have studied German for five years in the past, re -learning English, and stressful.

In the freshman year, the students were very excited, focusing on contemporary literature, and paying attention to changes in the literary world. From "Class Teacher" to "Position of Love", from "Scars" to "In the File of Society", every new work came out, everyone scrambled to pass on, argued to analyze, and often sleeping all night. Soon, our class was established in the literature agency, divided into comment groups, poetry groups, novel prose groups, drama groups, etc. Everyone often put together to exchange literary creation and review experience. The classmates also put their works on the wall for their heads.

Less than a month after entering the school, the Chinese department classmates founded the "Spring Bud" magazine, waxed oil marks, and one volume. Everyone's minds are in literary creation, and they are secretly competing, depending on who can get the earliest. There are many people who want to be a writer, and the opportunity to publish works is minimal. Fortunately, the manuscripts that were not hired at that time would return the author. I have a classmate who tried to verify whether the editor has read his manuscript, so I stick to the middle of one or two pages of paper in the middle. After returning, he found that the two pages of paper were not torn, indicating that the editor did not finish reading at all, but this did not affect everyone's enthusiasm.

The relevant departments of the Ministry of Culture have received literary scripts, novels, poetry, etc. sent by the authors from all over the country. There are about a large number. It is a pity that it is a pity that it is better to retreat. The Ministry of Culture distributed these works to the Chinese Department of key universities for preliminary screening and put forward handling opinions. This method was tried on Peking University, Beijing Normal University, and Beijing Normal University.

The Ministry of Culture continued to promote it to other colleges. We happen to be a literary review class, and the review works can be used as the content of teaching practice. Everyone was divided into several scripts and wrote the comments after reading. I was proud and felt that I could read other people's works, getting closer and closer to literary dreams. Writing class also arranged for us to conduct field interviews to the factory and mines to write a correspondence draft. My classmate and I went to the Tianjin Metrology and Testing Office to the south to interview the advanced deeds of Mr. Zhang Guangyin. These activities are very helpful for our writing.

With the increase of the course, the students' reading aspirations gradually evacuated. Song Yuzhu's modern Chinese class mobilized some students' interest in modern Chinese. Teacher Song is very good at lectures, and the demands are extremely strict. For a period of time, we put the "words", "sentence composition", "special ingredients", "general ingredients", "single sentences", "compound sentences" and the like, and analyzed the sentence structure of "hit him everywhere". Seeing everything like "adverbial".

For example, when you see a popsicle, one says "there is a popsicle on the street", and the other goes to say "this is a cash". Some questions, teachers are difficult to answer. For example, "We will return to Beijing tomorrow", the teacher said that "back" is a verb, "to" is a preposition, and "Beijing" constitutes a prepositional structure. Classmates said that after "to" can be added to the time -assisted word "", will this become a verb? Teacher Song said that he has never seen classmates like us.

When we are studying, we all like to wear a school emblem with red -bottomed red -bottomed, which is very proud. The words "Nankai University" are the inscriptions of Chairman Mao, and the traditional Chinese characters of "Kai" are "Kai". During the holidays, I went to the farmers' market to buy food. Those running children also looked at the school badge recently, read the "opening" as a "door", and murmured: "South Gate University." I thought that it was "South The door "is still" south ". When I went to college, it was a glory.

Schools often invite some celebrities to lecture. After listening to the lectures of writers and scholars such as Zhang Geng, Meng Weizhen, Daiwen, Yan Jici, Yu Guangyuan, Yang Run, Wu Xiaoru, Yang Zhijie and other writers, I deeply realized my shallowness and basically did not read any books. Ignorance is fearless. I want to be a writer because of my ignorance. In ancient times, modern, and contemporary, all excellent writers had profound education, and had a deep understanding of history, reality, and life.

My past reading scope is very narrow. Except for Lu Xun, the "Three Red and One Innochor" of the China Youth Publishing House (Luo Guangbin, Yang Yiyu's "Red Rock", Wu Qiang's "Red Day", Liang Bin's "Red Flag Spectrum" and Liu's Liu Qing's "History of Entrepreneurship"), as well as red classics such as "Gao Yubao" and "Song of Ouyanghai". Soon after the start of school, writer Liang Bin came to make a report to talk about the experience of creating "Red Flag Supreme"; Hou Baolin talked about the relationship between life and creation; Liu Shaotang talked about the emancipation of ideological liberation. I talked in the texts such as "From the Dream of the Writer's Dream of the Scholar": I walked into the campus and stayed away from social life. I felt that it was difficult for the writer's dream to realize it. I started a scholar dream and wanted to do modern and contemporary literature research. Ancient literature is relatively high, far from me. I am also looking forward to literary theory courses. Before going to the countryside, I borrowed a literary and theoretical textbook written by the Soviets, and knew about it. Literature and art theory classes were lectured by Teacher Lang Baodong. Teacher Lang has just been transferred from Fudan University. He is enthusiastic. After class, he is frequent in interaction. Everyone is willing to communicate with him. Later, he changed to an older teacher, unsmiling, always always the laws of unbalanced literature and the development of the times in the so -called literature and the times. From the concept to the concept, there is not much practical content. I feel boring, I often read my spare books in class. In the last lesson, I did not listen carefully to the class, and I was found by the teacher to find that not only confiscated the work selection and notebook, but also wrote down my name, probably included in the "blacklist". Since then, I have developed a rebellious psychology for literary theory.

In the spring of 1979, we started to take modern literature classes, from the May 4th Movement to the "Left Union", and always talked about literature in the 1950s. The modern literature class let me know the story of Xiao Yemu and "Our couple". The teacher sighed without regret that after the work was criticized, the writer disappeared in the literary world. I later learned that the writer's real name was Wu Xiaowu, who has been edited at the China Youth Press and lives in the same floor as me. In 1969, the central cadre of the Youth League was put down to the "May 7th Gan School" of the Yellow Lake Farm in Huangchuan County, Xinyang, Henan, and Wu Xiaowu died tragically on the farm the next year. This unforgettable past made me feel risky in modern and contemporary literature research.

When I started taking ancient Chinese literary history courses, I didn't have much interest. Teacher Yang Chengfu and Mr. Hao Zhida taught the two sinology of the pre -Qin Dynasty. Teacher Yang has just been adjusted from Shanxi University. His legs are disabled, they are not old, and they look majestic. He was very familiar with his work. He held a seal lecture and explained the Book of Songs and "Chu Ci" slowly. Many verses blurted out. Speaking, he would suddenly ask: Have you read this book? Is that book over? Most of the students are almost the same as me, have never seen it, and have not even heard of it.

Once, Teacher Yang talked about a certain allusion in the pre -Qin Dynasty and asked, "Have you seen" Mozhuang Man Lu "?" Now I know that there are often unique insights on the two Chinese literary works in the Song people. I don't have read such a famous book. I am a little ashamed. I can only listen to it honestly and dare not cope. However, although I admire, I don't envy. Because, I never thought I would engage in ancient literary research.

Mr. Ye Jiaying

In the spring of 1979, Mr. Ye Jiaying returned to China to lecture. Our seventh or seven and seven or eight levels were the first batch of students of Mr. Ye's lectures. On September 10, 2019, Nankai University held a conference to celebrate Mr. Ye Jiaying's 40th anniversary.

Forty years ago, Mr. Ye came to south to coach, and I was the first student of Mr..

Checking diary, Mr. Ye's first lecture in Nankai was April 24, 1979, in the first step classroom. The old man used his own poem "What is the scholar to report to the country and unforgettable poetry and Li Dushen" as the opening remarks, and suddenly we attracted us all. On that day, Mr. said a whole day. There were two and a half days of self -study classes on that week, and they were also used for lectures. Since then, Mr. said poems during the day, "Nineteen Poems" at night, "Nineteen Poems", talking about Cao Cao's poems, talking about Tao Yuanming's poems, and talking about the five generations of the Tang Dynasty. The lecture has been arranged until June 14.

For nearly two months, each class, the students heard that they were drunk and refused to get out of class until the lights were turned off. "Daily talk about poems and nights, and Zhu Sheng and I have become infatuated with me." Mr. Ye's verse vividly recorded the scene of the class at the time. Mr. Ye's class opened a brand new field of vision. Since then, I have become a loyal fan of Mr. Ye.

When I went to Beijing to give a lecture, as long as I knew, I had to listen to it. I teach classical poems at Tsinghua University and imitate Mr. Ye's lecture style. The important works of Mr., who are standing in case, and often read. Today, I can have the opportunity to express their admiration and love for Mr. Ye. I am very excited and honored. The teachings of my husband can summarize in three sentences.

The first sentence was that Mr. Ye's class changed my academic choice between the backs of back. On May 3, 1979, Mr. Ye talked about Wang Guowei's "Words on the World", and when he talked about the three realms of words, it was extended to the realm of life, which had a great impact on me. After the recovery of the college entrance examination, the first batch of people who entered the Chinese department of the university mostly came from rural areas, barracks, factories and mines, and had rich life experiences, and also embraced literary dreams. For me, when the writer's dream is no longer, it is very natural and turn to modern literature and contemporary literature research. After listening to Mr. Ye's class, I learned that classical literature was so beautiful, completely subverting the previous impression of the stereotypes and political curriculum of ancient literature. "Looking back in the crowd, looking back suddenly, the man was in the mountains." It was Mr. Ye ignited my classic literary research dream. Forty years. The second sentence is that Mr. Ye let us understand the power of literature lies in the movement. She quoted Zhao Yi as saying: "The unfortunate poet of the country is fortunate, and she works for vicissitudes." A literary worker must have a rich experience and deep understanding of life and society in order to better understand the poems. Mr. Ye's "Du Fu Qiu Xing's Eight Episodes" puts Du Fu's creation in a specific time and space, and stands at the height of history. Let us deeply understand the achievements of Du Fu's creation. It is not inseparable from the people, and it is inseparable from a noble ideological realm. These views are still practical.

The third sentence is that Mr. Ye's preaching taught let us know that the meaning of life lies in the endless pursuit of life. Mr. Ye said that loneliness is also a big test of life. She often quotes Mr. Sui's words to educate us: "With a life -free consciousness, as a career of life; with a sad mood, living a optimistic life." In his life, he prepared for suffering, but his love for the motherland and literature, but the love of the motherland and literature. Always one. On June 14, 1979, Mr. temporarily bid farewell to Nankai University and went to Peking University to give lectures. A grand farewell ceremony was held that day.

My diary wrote like this: "In the past two months, Mr. Ye's profound knowledge, the temperament of the poet, the sincere emotions of the motherland, and the academic attitude of rigorousness have left me an unforgettable impression. The knowledge of teaching Chinese classical poetry is to convey a philosophical and upward power to us. She said that if practice is the only criterion for testing the truth, then sincerity is an important way to pursue truth. To do things, we must be sincere to do things. To study and study sincerity. Sincerely is an important criterion for being a man. In ancient times, this is the case today. "

That day, my diary also recorded a word of Mr. Ye: "Although it is separated, through thousands of miles, the dream soul is through. The scholar reports to the country's mind, and my generation has the original intention. . He Xing is a world, so I do n’t let go of this life. ”I was still moved today. In the past century, the old people have written the sincere and affectionate love for the history and culture of the motherland with their lives. It is the most valuable spiritual wealth taught by Mr. Ye.

The author's speech at Ye Jiaying's celebration

For a long time, our ancient literature research has been relatively rigid, and it has adopted class analysis methods. Mr. Ye's lectures, such as the spring wind and rain, gave me a new perception of the beauty of classical literature.

Teacher Wang Shuangqi and Mr. Ye are classmates. They graduated from Fu Jen University. The lecture style is also similar to Mr. Ye. When it comes to the emotional place, there is often tears in his eyes. Teacher Wang talked about the Tang Dynasty literature, and he could always closely combine the social background and lively. For example, in the year of the Anshi Rebellion, Wang Wei hid in Luanchuan's other industry. From the Anshi Rebellion to more than 20 years in the early years of the Dali calendar, the poetry of the Tang Dynasty was shrouded in the light of Du Fu. Teacher Wang Shuangqi's lecture actually adopted the method of chronicle, which is very inspiration.

Teacher Hao Shifeng set up Li Shangyin's poem appreciation class, and showed us another life experience. The generation of Mr. Hao has experienced suffering and compassion. Their understanding of the works of ancient writers and incorporating their own life experience, they have more unusual experience. We all liked such courses and made detailed listening notes for so far.

Author and Mr. Wang Dazin

Teacher Wang Dazin is the veteran in the department, and everyone respects him. He was healed by his serious illness, and also gave us special courses for the history of Chinese literature criticism. When studying at the Southwest University, Teacher Da took Mr. Tang Lan from the famous ancient literary scholar. In 1952, he adjusted the department of the hospital. He was transferred from Peking University to Nankai University as an associate professor.

Da Lao took a bite of Jingqiang and Jingyun. It may be high, and the tone is high and low. He systematically taught the "Poetry Preface", "Dian Theory · Thesis", "Wen Fu", "Poetry Preface", and "Evanic Dragon", "God of Thinking", "Body", "Bone Bone", "Love", "Comparison", "Comparison", "Comparison", "Comparison", "Compared" "Xing", "Ornamental", "Fit" and other articles, as well as Fan Ye's "Book of Books with the Nepipochams in Prison", Chen Ziang's "Promotion of Bamboo", Du Fu's "The Drama" Yu "Canglang Poetry · Poetry", Yuan Hao asks "On the Thirty Sentences of Poems" and so on. I recited these chapters at the time and repeatedly figured it out.

Da Lao has a very theoretical article, published in the 2nd issue of the Nanjin Journal of 1956, called "The Philosophy of Criticizing the Criticism of the Kingdom of Weishi". He started with the comments of Chen Yinque and Miao Yan, and then returned to the self -report of Wang Guowei. Compared with Kant's "only theory of will" and Schopenhauer's "inadvertent relationship", he found that there is a realm and merit in the beauty and magnificence. There is no reason for me, and there are comprehensive evaluation. I think this is one of the best articles in Da Lao. In my junior year, we arranged for our classmates to do school year papers, and students can choose the instructor freely. Teacher Luo Zongqiang is a graduate student of Da Lao. He just transferred from Gannan Normal University to Nankai University and edited at the "Nankai Journal". His "Li Du Lue" was just published. After reading it, I especially admired, and chose Mr. Luo as my instructor.

Under normal circumstances, the instructor always ask what you want to write, and then specifically guide. Teacher Luo is different. He did not let us choose the topic, but went to his house to make up the lesson according to our interest. Qu Zongsheng, Li Ruishan, Wang Fei, and Wang Liya chose Teacher Luo as instructor. Qu Zongsheng has a special feeling for the beauty of poetry. Li Ruishan especially likes Lu Xun's "Weed". I am influenced by the teachers of Nankai University. To this end, Mr. Luo arranged for me to tutor "Wen Xin Daolong". He started from the article "God Si", and probably talked about four or five, mainly for dial -type lectures to guide me to read the classics.

"Wen Xin Dian Dragon · God Thinking" depicts the idea of ​​literary creation. It is meticulous, which is fascinating. My school year papers are based on the "God Thinking" as the research object. I am more familiar with Lu Xun's work. I want to start with Lu Xun's novel "Happy Family" and talk about ideas. This novel describes a poor scholar who always wants to write a novel called "Happy Family", and he imagines how a happy family should write. As a result, as soon as he got to write, his wife's voice came: "It's used out of the firewood, I bought it today. The previous time was ten pounds and two hanging four, and I would hang it for two today. ? "There was also the child's cry:" Go out of the outside, open the wind door, smell kerosene and gas. The child lay down on the right side of the door, his face is on the ground, and when he sees him, he cries. " This kind of family chores are always written. "Happy Family" is not written. I want to use this story to try to connect modern literature with ancient literature and talk about creative ideas. During the winter vacation, I went all out to write the paper. At the beginning of the new semester, I submitted the first draft of the paper and waited for the teacher's praise.

After about a week, Mr. Luo called me home and unexpectedly criticized me. First, Teacher Luo said that I was not serious about my attitude, scribbled, and many typos. Next time the submission must be seriously copied, meticulous. Second, we must study carefully, accurately understand, and then express their opinions. Third, writing articles cannot be whatever you want, and you must have a clear theme and strict logic. I originally looked forward to praise, but caused criticism, so I was so shameless that I couldn't wait to find a ground sewing. Afterwards, the teacher's criticism was remembered.

After repeated thinking, I determined the title of the academic year as a discussion "Xu Jing said", overthrow the original thinking, and modified it carefully. Teacher Luo affirmed the topic and said, "Your thoughts are very active, new, and noticed a problem that others have not noticed. The text is also smooth." Also said, "Can the deficiency of the thoughts be included? The issues involved in God's thoughts are discussed under the thesis of virtual quietness? For example, if you want to discuss the thoughts of God's thoughts, it should be discussed in the meaning of deficiency in God's thoughts, and you should not replace God's thoughts with deficiency. I release Liu Ye, not Liu Ye to release me. "

Teacher Luo returned the paper to me and asked me to copy it again with a regular case. In particular, the most important thing to engage in academic papers is a serious attitude and rigorous spirit. This paper changed five drafts before and after, thinking that it could be finalized. I did not expect that Mr. Luo made a lot of modifications on the fifth draft. At the same time, I still pointed out some problems. I asked me to submit it officially. Before the department, make revision and copy. The first draft is tens of thousands of words. After repeated modification, delete the useless words, and the last 5,000 words are left.

When I submitted the sixth draft to Teacher Luo, I attached a paragraph: "When I handed this manuscript to you, I was in a mood. I still had some questions to ask you, but , I really ca n’t bear to take up your precious time. For more than two months, you have tirelessly reviewed my manuscript over and over again, and even modified it by word, I have been greatly educated. I have never wrote before before. After this kind of article, at the beginning, I did n’t think carefully, I ’m writing, let alone forgive myself. I actually showed you such waste products and wast you so much precious time. Remember that after you read my draft, I told me a lot of truth, so I was determined to complete the writing of this school year. I feel that my foundation is really weak and very distressed. Although the paper is completed, I am not satisfied. I know it is impossible to have a lot of progress in academics in a short time. But under your guidance After writing, I got a biggest gain, that is, I must first correct my academic attitude. "The author and Mr. Luo Zongqiang

One day in April, Teacher Luo summoned five of us together and made a summary of the school year papers. That day, he also told Tang poems for several of us, looked up at the Tang Xingkong, and understood the weather of the Tang Dynasty. Teacher Luo guides us to read, pay special attention to historical nodes and important events. For example, when Tang Xuanzong Tianbao's fourteen years (755) When the Anshi broke out, where was the writer? What attitude do they hold on that huge change? Which works are reflected? This requires researchers to make fine annual examinations on their works, compare the activities of different writers in the same historical background, and see that they have different attitudes towards the same historical event and experience the profoundness reflected by the works. Meaning.

This kind of words gave me a lot of inspiration. I later wrote the chronicle of the writer and compiled the history of literature, which was related to this guidance of Teacher Luo. When I was about the schedule, I asked Teacher Luo. Teacher Luo's letter said: "I think the topic selection, I think it is good, especially the deeds, which is really merit. I often think that many works, leaving the specific environment and mood, are difficult to understand the true meaning. Chronicles show the importance here. However, if you not only pay attention to one person in the chronology, but also pay attention to the ins and outs of the major events involved in many writers. Then the traces will be complicated and decent, and later researchers will be useful. "

Mr. Luo always emphasized that "pay attention to the ins and outs of the big events that involved in many writers, and the status, situation, and mood of each person" and other issues, that is, to warn me not to be caught in cumbersome information, and because of a small opinion. That day, he said to us emotionally, "I'm almost 50 years old, and I am not intertwined with you, but I really want to tell you what I know."

Then, Mr. Luo specifically analyzed the problem of writing for the actual situation of each of us. He said that my papers this year have improved a lot. The article is divided into three parts, and the logic clues are clear. What is each paragraph is clear. Of course, it is not perfect, and the article is not deep enough. For example, the relationship between the "virtual quietness" theory of Laozhuang and Liu Ye's "Xu Jing" is not analyzed enough. This is of course related to the academic power. This step is quite satisfied. He also said that the biggest strength of my papers is that the angle of choice is very good, and even unexpected. The grades he gave was excellent.

At the turn of the spring and summer of that year, the Chinese Department organized the first student academic papers discussion. Teacher Luo recommended Li Ruishan, Qu Zongsheng and my papers to participate. Teacher Luo wrote the following recommendations: "This article elaborates from a newer perspective of" Wenxin Eagle Dragon · Shen Si ". On June 6th, the department held a awards conference, with five first prizes and ten second prizes. Li Ruishan's "The spiritual characteristics and aesthetic style of" Weeds "won the first prize. "Notes" and won the second prize. In November of that year, the award -winning papers were integrated. This is the first time that my article has become a type, pleasing to the eye, and great encouragement.

My graduation thesis was directed by Teacher Wang Dazin. My understanding at that time, "nature" was related to "straight search", "British" and "taste" were connected, and then paved into the text. It seems that it is well -founded, but it is just logical reasoning, without much practical significance. Looking back at my school year and graduation thesis, the biggest problem is disconnection from the times and works. The meaning of these two papers to me is to cultivate my preliminary perception of the writing of thesis.

Teacher Sun Changwu's "Tang Dynasty Ancient Chinese Movement" is the last elective course in our class. At the end of the last lesson, we will go out of the south and go to the society. In that class, we all felt sour in our hearts. Teacher Sun said to everyone in combination with his own suffering experience. During the "Cultural Revolution", many people gave up their majors. When they understood, they had fallen behind and it was difficult to catch up. Therefore, the success or failure of life is often between one thought. This kind of words shocked me strongly. I was determined at the time, no matter what changes in the future, I would never give up the pursuit of academic ideals.

(This section is selected from Liu Yuejin's "Congshi", which is authorized by the People's Literature Press.)

Edit: Liu Qihan

Source: Chinese good book

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