Ningbo, Zhejiang: Wang Anshi pierced mountains 碶 Memorial Beat Pavilion

Author: Chen Dingrong

Seven -hole pangles in 2009 200

One day in 2009, Mr. Shi Chenming, deputy director of the Water Resources Bureau of Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, heard a mountaineering pangle. Because of the poor water out of Lujiang, in recent years, it has been full of "big water". Essence

This news made me feel shocked. The pangolin was the old monument of Beilun, and it was created by the famous Song Dynasty reformist Wang Anshi. It was not a trivial matter. The next day, I rushed to the location of the pangle and carefully observed its position and scale, that is, took the first photo of the pangolin. Due to the rainy rain at the time, I went to the third and third time it was rainy, so the photos were not clear enough, but this was taken by my own camera.

My concern for pangolins is also out of the fame of Wang Anshi. Because Wang Anshi's water conservancy achievements in the minds of people through mountains, Chaiqiao and other places are unforgettable.

Reformist Wang Anshi

Wang Anshi (1021-1086) Outstanding politician and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi Jiefu, No. Han Mountain, Fuzhou Linchuan (now the junction of Linchuan and Dongxiang, Jiangxi). Known as "the great reformist of China in the Eleventh Century" by Lenin.

In the second year of Song Renzong (1042), the 22 -year -old Wang Anshi was fourth in the scholar to award the Judge of Huainan. Ren Man was transferred to Zhixian County, Yixian County. At the age of 27. He attached great importance to the agricultural economy, carefully examined the construction of farmland water conservancy on the coast of the east, and focused on the construction of the dyke dangli weir. Moreover, he was considerate of the people, loaned the valley to the people, returned to the official, and had a good deal.

According to historical records, in the seventh year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1047) in November, Wang Anshi went to Qi Donghai Township for inspection with the high enthusiasm of diligence and people to inspect the water conservancy facilities in Jinji Mountain, Shijie, and Ruiyan in Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It is about half a month. I wrote the poem "The Floating Stone Trouble": "The winding ditch penetrates the rust of the reeds, the vast beach is moisture -related. Northern is still ocean. Wang Anshi warned the people to build a seawall to resist the infringement of the tide.

Wang Anshi's most influential achievement in Beilun is to leave famous ruins such as Jingdi and Yamani.

There are many disasters in the Song Dynasty, and the government focuses on the relief of warehousing. The warehouses such as Changping, social warehouses, and Yicang have played a positive role in the relief social disadvantaged groups. For example, Renzong Jiayou set up Guanghui Cang during the year, and reluctant to relieve the old and poor illness.

Wang Anshi also advocated "the collection of rich people" to save the "poor". "There must be a last resort, and those who sell the rich fields of the rich people have been sold several times.

In the three years of Renzong Jiayou (1058) Wang Anshi, he advocated social reform. Shenzong ascended the throne and summoned the Bachelor of Hanlin and served. In the second year of Xining (1069), it was promoted to know about political affairs. The following year, the implementation of new laws such as green seedlings, losses, municipalities, exemptions, and farmland water conservancy, which was very effective in improving the socio -economic improvement at that time.

However, the new law re -measures private land, with taxes acres and other items, and touched many conservative bureaucrats to conceal the interests of private fields, which has caused strong opposition and framed against him. He appealed to the Shenzong with various excuses, and was fired in the seventh year of Yu Xining (1074) Wang Anshi. However, due to the empty state treasury, the emperor wanted to levy taxes. The following year worshiped Wang An Shi again and engaged in socio -economic reform. The feudal conservative forces opposed the high voices, and the death of Wang An Shi's son died, which made him very troublesome. Nine years (1076) again.

Due to the strong propaganda of conservatives, Wang Anshi treats Wang Anshi as "adulterers" in history. But the people of Beilun have never forgotten his water conservancy achievements. Although the Wang Anshi Bodhisattva, which was worshiped in the purple stone temple, was a "big white face", this was worshiped by Wang Anshi as a bodhisattva in the era of "white horror" of Wang Anshi.

In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), due to the conservative faction, the new law was abolished. Wang Anshi died of illness in Zhongshan (now Nanjing) and presented Tai Fu. In the first year of Shao Sheng (1094), he was "Wen", so he was called Wang Wengong. Later, "Jing Guogong", known as "Jinggong".

I have worked in Jiangxi for ten years and knows that the people of Jiangxi have loved Wang Anshi and have a grand memorial hall. Wang Anshi's hometown is located between Linchuan and Dongxiang. Dongxiang is his grandmother's house. He often traveled to and from life when he was a child. In the 1970s and 1980s, the people of the two places were "hometown" for Wang Anshi. Some literati and scholars wrote articles and played the text "battle" in regional newspapers.

Today, in the Beilun area of ​​Ningbo, there is not only "Wanggongtang", "Jingdi (Tang)" and "Jingdi Road" named after his title.

Monument to commemorate the king Anshi on the monument of the pavilion

The history of "碶"

Sea cricket is a special water conservancy style in the eastern Zhejiang region. It is divided into land and sea water in the sea and towns, and has the function of refusing salty and ensuring irrigation. Therefore, it is known as the "water conservancy key". It is a twin brother who transforms the coastal land. It has an important position in the construction of water conservancy in eastern Zhejiang, creating the richness and prosperity of the southeast coast. This is well known.

In the past, feudal officials did not pay attention to the water conservancy cause in coastal areas, were not familiar with the process of Jiangnan agricultural irrigation work, and could not find the name of "碶" in the national classics. Whether it was the book of the Qing Dynasty, the 55th year of Kangxi (1716), the "Kangxi Dictionary", which was known as the text of the text at the time; or the important reference book "Source of Ci" during the Guangxu period; or during the Republic of China There is no "碶" in the "Chinese Dictionary". Even the "碶" stripes on the "Ci Hai" "Ci Hai" in modern times were also added when they were reprinted in 1999. Only due to the common appeal of the southern academic community, it was added. The word "字" in the computer font was later added. So is "初" a fledgling "愣 那么 那么" or an inconspicuous "pediatric"! This is by no means. Alas, everywhere on the coast of Zhejiang can be seen everywhere, there are "mountain pangles", "Tongshan 碶", "Wuxiang 碶", "Dajiahuan", "Be prepared" and "New" and "New" on the coast of Ningbo "宁" and so on, even the name of "碶 碶 碶" in Ningbo City, which originally had "碶". They actually have a long history.

In "Zhenhai County Chronicle", you can find "Zhang Jianzhang", "Donggangyu", "Yicheng 碶" and many other records. Fan Qin, the owner of "Tianyi Pavilion" in Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty, said in his "Changshan Tong Ji" that "Kimiya Tong (now Beilun Xinda Road) ... Koyama, Yang Jiayu, Yue Beijiayu, and Tongshan. "The" Tongshanyu "here is located in Tongshan Village in the southern foot of Fenghuang Mountain (formerly Shawan Mountain).

In fact, the name of "的" was very popular as early as the Song Dynasty. For example, the records on the "Siming Zhi" during the Baoqing period of the Song Dynasty were named "Mountaineering", "Xiaoshuyu", "Wu Jinyu" and "槎 碶 碶". Moreover, "与" and Wang Anshi, the famous Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, have a little bit of origin.

The distribution map of the gates in the sea area of ​​the Town of Song Dynasty

The history of "史" can also be traced forward. In the seven -year (833) of the Dahe of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Yuanzhang, a famous ancient water conservancy expert, founded its mountain weir. It intercepted the water of the River, and led the upstream freshwater into the inner canal (Nantang River Nantang River) to irrigate farmland. And between the inland river and the outer rivers, the Wujinyu, accumulation of misdans, and the spring of the spring are separated, which separates the river. Because the river water is through the sea, there is a swimming tide from the beginning of the sea. It can be arranged for seven points of water in the water during the waterlogging, three points into the irrigation; It benefits the 240,000 acres of farmland in the Xixi Plain, which is the real trace of the Tang Dynasty's "碶" bridge extension.

According to the "Zhejiang Tongshi · Qin and Han Six Dynasties Water Conservation Capture", "Yixian County, today Fenghua City, the Song and Yuan Dynasties of the Southern Dynasties (424-453) ... , West Jinxi's water, leak water into the county stream during the waterlogging; more than 300 acres of water storage in the west and Hongcun farmland during drought. "It pushed the history of the Qiaoqiao for 400 years.

At this point, the history of the people of the eastern Zhejiang people has been close to the sixteenth centuries. Its history must be traced forward. It can be said that since the development of the sea ponds surrounded by the East Zhejiang Sea, there will be a bridge.

海 and Haitang are important projects in the construction of coastal water conservancy. They are a pair of "twin brothers" on the Haijiang Line. They are organically connected into a front line and standing on the east coast of our country for a long time, faithfully against the erosion of the sea tide. It can be stored in fresh water to prepare irrigation; it can also excrete floods accumulated when the rain is too much. One is more capable, the structure is simple, and durable. It is a great creation of our ancestors in the practice of the water conservancy practice activities of the Haijiang Plain.

East Zhejiang Haiyu and Lazhou Mountain Weir and Dujiangyan in Sichuan have the same magic in ensuring local irrigation! Among them, the pangolin is the foundation for Wang Anshi, and it is indispensable.

The location map of its mountain weir

Lujiang Water Department

Lujiang, the most important water conservancy life of Chaiqiao, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, is called the "Mother River" of Chaiqiao. It originated from Longquan, Ruiyan, and Hongyu Zhuxi. It is gathered under the Zhengbi Mountain (also known as the steamed Mountain), flowing through the Chaiqiao area, and injecting to the northeast. The total length is 35 kilometers, the general width is 20-50 meters, the widest point is 200 meters, and the freshwater resources are about 4.7 million cubic meters. It brings together the flowing water on the mountains, silently nurturing and moisturizing hundreds of thousands of lives and thousands of hectares of Chaiqiao and Xiapu.

The pangolin is an important Royal salty water conservancy work in Beilun, which is directly related to the agricultural economy in the Chaiqiao area, so it has always been reconstructed and replaced. When Wang Anshi served as the Lunxian command in the Northern Song Dynasty, it led the people to build the East China Sea Tong (later known as Jinggongtang, to commemorate Wang Jinggong). "Tong" "wear", so it is also known as "Tongshan 碶" (unlike Tongshan 碶, which was later located in Tongshan Village, the southern foot of Fenghuang Mountain). According to Song's "Baoqing Siming Chronicles": "Tongshan, Yanyan Township, Southeast Hai, a hundred miles. When the seventh year of the celebration of the king of Jing Jing, the mountain of the king of Jing, the mountain was chilled."

The "Zhenhai County Chronicle" of the Republic of China has "pangles": "Liu Huanzhang and Huan Ying in the thirty -first year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty built mountains and droughts, seven feet wide and eight feet wide, and they were leaked, so that the salty tide must be entered. The old site of the old site of the dry 东, due to the standing site of the dry stood, laid mud for more than decades. During the six years of Guangxu, the gentleman Chen Yan, Cao Huixi, Zhou Xiqi, Hu Zongshui, etc. were presented to the premium county of Junjun. Funding funds, depending on the old site of the old site, the site of the mountain is removed, and it is converted into two doors, a wide seven feet and one foot high. Since six years of winter work, it will be completed in the autumn of seven years. The public funds are insufficient. The donation is to make up for the benefit. After the door was changed to the electric opening and closed type. However, due to the shallow of the original river bed and insufficient water leakage, ten new crickets are built outside the old site.

Wang Anshi also repaired the East Qianhu Lake. According to the "Zhejiang Ancient and Modern Place Dictionary": "In the eight years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi rebuilt the lake industry, set up a vermiculite, removed the grass, and gradually fixed in the lake area."

Montening Monument Pavilion

Today, if you go to Chaiqiao through the mountains and sea ports, at the east bank of Lujiang entering Haikou, you can see a pangolin where you can see a puppet. The signature of the inscription was Wang Ningze, the director of the Beilun District People's Congress at that time. On the back, there is a schedule of Wang Anshi's avatar.

This is the case. When I heard that Wang Anshi was about to be demolished, it caused my concern. At that time, I just returned from overseas and hired at the Museum of Beilun District to edit the "Beilun Bo Dynasty" publication. Because I had read some history in the early years, I built a mountain puppet in my hometown and established an immortal merit for the construction of local water conservancy. I have a certain understanding, and it has created the idea of ​​building a monumental pavilion for him when the mountainer was demolished.

He also felt the same with this situation with Deputy Director Shi Chenming of the Water Resources Bureau. It is just that the funding is tight and should be supported by superior leaders.

Because Wang Anshi not only contributed to the water conservancy cause of Beilun District, but he was the Daxian magistrate at the time, and he also transformed Dongqian Lake. So I thought that in the Ningbo area, the former Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, who had contributed a lot of cultural relics and monuments in Ningbo, was Comrade Bayin Chao Lu. He has taken Matang in Jiangshan, "The First Village of Chinese Jinshi", and the "Jiufeng Rural New Charm" monument in the Jiufeng City Bay community of Beilun. I want to ask him to ask him for the words of the mountain, maybe it can also attract the attention of Ningbo. At this point, I write a letter to Secretary Bayin Chaolu.

But where to send it, I don't know the specific address of the Ningbo Municipal Party Committee. When I asked the friends of the Ningbo Municipal Party Committee of the Democratic League, they answered me. Secretary Bayin Chaolu had just left Ningbo and had been transferred to Jilin. So I thought that it should be paid attention to the leaders of Beilun District, and immediately wrote a letter of initiative to "to commemorate Wang Anshi to build a monument and build a pavilion" to the then district head of the mayor.

There was an echo immediately. At that time, the head of Huawei District, Beilun District, also attached great importance to this proposal. The Water Conservancy Bureau hosted the "Montening Monument to Monograph Pavilion Project", and first allocated 200,000. The historical bureau called us to inspect the pangles, decided the address of the specific pavilion, and reversed the feelings of "the mayor of the Hua District".

Of course, I am very happy that my proposal is adopted by the district leaders, which is also the spirit of the people of Beilun. The Historian Bureau asked Ningbo Ancient Architecture Design Institute to design the construction map of the monument pavilion to solicit my opinion. I think it is a structural diagram like a single eaves and a small temple. It is quite dissatisfied. He said: "Wang Anshi is a prime minister -level figure. The mountains are the most influential ancient water conservancy buildings in Yongdong. I immediately drew a sketch of the heavy eaves and eight pillar commemorative pavilions, and drew a picture of Wang Anshi based on the relevant information, and gave it to the historical bureau. Later, the design institute re -produced the construction drawing of the severe eaves. In this way, the structural diagram of the pavilion, which is now the pavilion, set it down.

The engineering team immediately settled in the Montening Memorial Pavilion Engineering Office, and was immediately transported into many construction equipment.

I became a "enthusiastic person". I often went to the construction site of the Memorial Pavilion to see the excitement, and had contact with Comrade Tian Keping in the water conservancy department in charge of the Chaiqiao Street.

I think the commemorative pavilion itself is a venue for publicity and traditional culture. Plasses should be added on the eaves of the upper and lower layers of the pavilion; some commemorative couplets are engraved on the pillars. He contacted Beilun's writers, calligraphers, and celebrities, and planned to discuss with the leaders of the Water Resources Bureau.

At that time, the Water Conservancy Bureau was sitting by Comrade Ni Baozhong, and he determined the plaques and writing authors such as "Haiqing River Yan" and "Lujiang Key". In order to care for the prestige of the leadership, he specially commemorative inscriptions and "Haiqing River Yan" plaques, please please please please please please please please ask for all plaques. Director Wang Ningze's book; I suggest that "Lujiang Key" please write about Mr. Chaiqiao Hu Jiaxiang. Tingzhu positive "Ren Er's torrential rolling An Shi can be blocked, and his wife passed through the mountains" and asked Mr. Shao Yongkang to write it, written by Mr. Zou Haiyun. My "Xiu Xiu Lujiang Wushuang 鈅, Tongshan Jingtang No. 1 碶" was placed next to it.

However, the progress of the project is not as smooth as we imagined, because some specific problems involved in local land acquisition and demolition have been delayed for five years. It was not until 2016 that the government of the district and Chaiqiao Street dredged the intermediate link, and the construction of the pavilion was settled. As a result, I went to the mountain village again and saw that the new pavilion of the high school was erected, it looked magnificent and very dazzling.

The towering monument pavilion is more than ten meters wide, and it is strange to enter eight meters deep. Standing on the one -meter -high platform, tourists can go up from the sixth -order stone. There is a stone pillar guard around the pavilion. The top eaves of Xieshan Pavilion, the high ridge 棂 棂 on the top, the kiss standing stands up, the four streams are raised, the green tiles are listed, and the weather is strict. Below is stable with eight green stone square columns, supported by bucket arches at the upper end, and the algae fabric is orderly. The whole pavilion is sturdy, and it looks exquisite. There are two couplets on the south pavilion. In the middle, there is a "monument to the mountains and the king of the king of the mountain". The back of the Wang Anshi line is engraved on the back.

According to the local people's legendary commemorative pavilion, the cost of the commemorative pavilion reached nearly one million. It turned out that after a period of delay, the local civil engineering market looked bullish, and the materials used in Jianting were all good materials, and it was not easy to collect. Many mud, wood, stone, and painter clever craftsmen finally made great achievements. Although I felt expensive, I also fulfilled the people of Beilun.

Campaign Pavilion, Chaiqiao Street, Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

- END -