What wrong with British young people escaped the manufacturing industry?

James Dyson is one of the most famous industrial designers and inventors in the world today, but how he became a designer and inventor. In addition to his own talent, he was inseparable from his unique and even alien education experience.

The two principals of Dyson's Bole identified Dyson's expertise and enthusiasm outside the schoolwork, but the British normal examination system was not tolerated, but they gave Dyson a great encouragement.

Perhaps because of this growth path, Dyson, who is an outstanding inventor and entrepreneur, in his new book "Invention: James Dyson's Creation Journey", bluntly said to the British Education Institute. The existing problems have issued a lot of criticism. Although he linked the British literally, it should be listened and reflected seriously. It is not limited to a certain country, but also has great inspiration for us today.

"Education Criticism of" Different "Dyson

—— "Invention: James Dyson Creation Journey" book review

Text/Yang Bin

Professor of the School of Economics and Management of Tsinghua University

Director of Tsinghua University Leadership Research Center

01

By running, Dyson, a teenager, brought himself a "moment of joy to escape from school" - "I don't advocate that children take my choice and cynical learning attitude as an example", 73 -year -old Dyson recalled When I started myself, the teachers were frustrated with cultural classes, and said, "I left my energy to sports and life that can be creative in sports." Among them, "I understand hard practice, team cooperation and tactical tactics. The importance.

It is a vital life course to adapt to the unintentional tactical planning and the ability to adapt to environmental changes. These abilities are unlikely to learn from the cultural class, and of course it is impossible to get from the dead memories. "In addition to sports, there is" drama performance. This kind of activity I like very much. Master the art of speech. "

Outside of school, "family life also taught us a lot. It is indeed the case for me. From the age of 8, I grew up in a single -parent family and learned to share housework." "I sincerely thank my mother for letting me participate in participating. These housework. She taught me sewing, weaving, making carpets, and cooking. I learned to repair a bicycle. I used my hands to create things, self -learning, and fearlessness, which became my second day.

Learning by making things is as important as learning through textbook knowledge. Dyson realized that "the real experience is a powerful teacher. Maybe we should pay more attention to this learning method. Not everyone learn in the same way. "

Indeed, each individual is different. Not only different learning methods, talent tendencies, passionate hope, and life goals. Fortunately, Dyson, who had poor academic performance, met a very knowledgeable principal. President Luoji wrote to his mother when he graduated from Dyson Middle School: "I don't believe he is really not smart, I look forward to him in some way." The principal gave 18 -year -old Dyson Dyson again Writing, "Although we have to pretend to be academic, it is important, relatively speaking, it is irrelevant. If you are not restrained by that boring, full of degree full of books, you will do better."

Smart, originally multi -dimensional, but in the perspective of multiple intelligence, conventional school education gives a very high weight on logic and mathematical ability and language skills -if it is not too high -curriculum settings, academic performance results Basically, they are dominated by these two dimensions.

In terms of Dyson's example, creating some new gadgets and trying to try was a special expertise that he practiced in the "Poor Children's Early House".

After his father died early, his mother raised three young children alone. They "made up their minds that even if they were not strong at hand, they had to work hard to live a good life." Dyson used the device left by his father to melt the lead in the pupa, and then poured the dangerous melting lead into the mold.

"After experiencing failure, I will find my own way to make things. I attribute this to this point to tell me what to do without my father after 8 years old."

This special motivation may have a much larger impact on Dyson's life than the course learning and knowledge acquisition in the school. It helps him to continue designing and experimenting with the 5127 cyclone vacuum cleaner's handmade prototype after 5126 failures in 4 years, so He was full of dust and debt, but he was still happy.

Therefore, Dyson's principal and teachers did identify Dyson's expertise and enthusiasm outside the schoolwork, but the normal examination system did not tolerate this.

Fortunately, he had a paintings that he had when he was 9 years old (won a magazine award), so that he got the opportunity to hear the class at the preparatory course of the Bayeum-Xiao Painting College in the middle of the year of graduation and college in middle school, and President Morris De Sumaritz, who has a "special talent".

He "can accurately know what a student is good at, even if they don't know themselves. He encourages us to believe that as long as you open the right door and enthusiasm, your talent can shine. This is something I keep in mind." Because This believers, Dyson burst into enthusiasm.

Soon, the next year is about to end. The principal asked Dyson to sit down and told him that the path of "design" may be suitable for him. You must know that in 1965, the value of design as a professional (not to mention the industry) has not been recognized -after the war, as long as it can buy goods, it is very content, which does not matter at all.

The unique principal explained to Dyson's rich design and broad category, and made him realize that "I know that I like to make things" is very consistent with the essence of design. Not only that, the principal also introduced Dyson to his alma mater, the Education Test Project that the Royal Academy of Art is about to be set up. The first batch of students who intend to recruit 3 students who do not have an undergraduate degree (everyone can try here to understand here The meaning) is compared with other conventional students.

As a result, this education test project picked Dyson, who has always been a "alien" in the mainstream education evaluation system. He has learned one year than others after passing him, and has since been on the design and invention of his life.

It should be said that these two principals can be called Dyson's growth Bole, and let us see the first -class occupation "educator" in the world, which can show the greatness and beauty that can be shown on the people. Many experimental education programs (especially its initial stages) often make some pioneering "aliens", and here also have the effect of self -choice and Pig Marion effect.

02

Perhaps because of this growth path, Dyson, who is an outstanding inventor and entrepreneur who is an outstanding inventor and entrepreneur, has criticized the problems existing in education in his autobiography "Invention". Although he drew the United Kingdom literally, it should not be limited to a country.

Dyson's criticism began with a observation: the entire society's value recognition of the manufacturing and its work dignity has seriously declined, and it is transmitted to the education system to form positive feedback. The institution is unwilling to cultivate the talents needed by the manufacturing industry, and the manufacturing industry is even more competitive. Therefore, it raises this "gray rhino" that has hidden economic and social development.

Speaking of the source of motivation, he reviewed the history of Britain -after the industrial revolution brought a series of innovations, most of the craftsmen or middle and lower class and the first generation of industrialists accumulated huge wealth, but wanted to let their next generation out of the industry Or leave labor.

The descendants of the industrial giants were sent to a good school, immersed in classical culture, and learned hunting, fishing and shooting, and looked down on this industry that made them change from the manufacturer to a "gentleman". So, "When I was in school, the worst thing that the teacher said to the students who had said to retreat was," You can only go to work in the factory in the end ", I have said so. factory".

The word "exile" sounds thin, in fact, it is as real as three points in wood. After World War II, especially since the 1970s and 1980s, the "Diplomaism" prevailed, the test results were not good, and the university could not receive elite education. Go up. Although this social division of labor, although it is classified, has a strong "layered" nature and has a long period of time.

Although Dyson is convinced that "production lines and factories are romantic places, they are really exciting", the general situation he sees is -to the public's view, "Any job with less investment and high return is Good work. It is a very bad job to make things hand -made, and it is even worse to use the machine in the factory. "

Dyson also gave an interesting and deep example, that is the opening ceremony of the 2012 London Olympics. He said that the opening ceremony of the British loved by the British also reflected the depression of the British manufacturing industry in people's minds.

"The main purpose of the opening ceremony is to celebrate the new world of the" creative industry "of the 21st century 'creative industry' from the Labor -Demon Factory 'from the British in the industrial revolution. . We should not be ashamed of the factory as the opening ceremony hints. "

Dyson believes that this kind of values ​​that seem to be Acura's progress in the performance are embedded. In fact, it is to portray and strengthen people's stereotypes of "work in the factory to choose a small life". The image of workers.

On the other hand, when Japanese scholars are studying the road of Japanese Industry 4.0, they confidently use the "field force" as Japan's competitive advantage. Recognize and respect.

It is generally believed that the "live" engineer who engaged in on -site work and continuous improvement and improvement in the industrial world will play a pivotal role in the success or failure of the Industry 4.0.

Dyson also analyzed the impact of British officials on this. "For a long time, British leaders have little interest in manufacturing. Ministers and members of Congress have few industrial or engineering backgrounds. The discipline of the way of thinking and the requirements of the manufacturing industry is somewhat dislike. "

Officials like fast, short -term, financial investment, and lack of love in the manufacturing industry and the real economy.

03

Back to the reflection on education issues, Dyson summarized from his own experience in his growth, "Young children like to create things. Through both hands to realize their ideas and express themselves, they are in line with people's innate curiosity and exploration desire for exploration It is often strangled by the education system. Parents and schools are driven to allow children to study in high school and go to college, and the operation form of the education system focuses more on intellectual education. Because students are facing the pressure of entrance examinations, making things will be considered waste. time."

Yes, the examinations at all levels do not evaluate manual and production. The general cognition of parents, students, and society is in this case. "The status of design and technology in school courses is very low. Schools often lack sufficient facilities in this regard, and there are very few qualified teachers. The engineers are seriously lacking, and people generally believe that engineers and technicians are obviously not as good as bankers, Internet celebrity bloggers, and brand managers in their career choices and social status. "

However, the issue of education has never been a problem in the education community. It is neither brought by it nor to solve it alone. Dyson suggested that "we need to find a way to educate young people to show the original wonderfulness in the engineering field. Sadly, few media encouraged young engineers to take this exciting path.

In the United Kingdom, there is still an attitude of contempt and disgust of the manufacturing industry. People cannot replace the plug, repair the grass, or nail a painting on the wall, but they are often regarded as a sign of the superior culture of culture and the superiority of the social class. "

And solving this problem beyond "education", Dyson believes that the government must take greater responsibilities, first of all, "how to create a respected culture of science, technology and engineering."

In the face of Dyson's "no stranger" but may be "ignorant", it is necessary to reflect, not just the British government, education, media, or society, it is also worthy of our serious treatment. As an exception to his educational logic of "making me feel sad and worried", Dyson is a chance to himself.

In the book, while promoting the Dyson Engineering and Technical College he was founded, he also clearly showed that the political and educational circles were still indifferent or verbal frustration.

Dyson's criticism is not only aimed at hands -on, labor, technology and engineering in elite and modern education, and cause obstacles to the development of the real economy industry. Is there a preset algorithm in the education evaluation system, substantially, systematically derogated and suppressed the talent and talents other than mathematical logic and language expression ability? What are the problems of this future? How to change and resolve from all walks of life?

And Dyson's frankly said that these growth experiences and educational experiences that may not be copied, those independent and rebels that are not interested in, and those who are extremely critical of planning and design are also provided to themselves. The intentional educators are a kind of introspection for teachers. Look at our eyes, the next Dyson is not lively? Intersection

In the book "Invention: James Dyson's Creation Tour", Dyson's founder and chief engineer James Dyson personally tells the wonderful behind -the -scenes story, let us see the unique engineer culture, inspiring the spirit of the inventor spirit, And unique Dyson philosophy.

Whether it is an entrepreneur, scientific and technological innovators, engineers, designers, educators, or ordinary people who insist on chasing dreams, they can find inspiration, confidence and direction in this book.

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