When will the female commander be a hot topic?

Okasana Linif

■ District Liantao

In today's global classical music field, women are playing an increasingly important role. Many excellent female composers, female singers, and actresses are active in the music scene. On the screen, people are accustomed to it. The only news about female commanders or resignation often becomes a hot topic in the European and American music industry.

In January 2022, the Ukrainian female conductor Okasana Linif was appointed as the music director of the Polonian Opera House, Italy, and became the first female conductor in the history of the world of the world opera. It was called by the Italian media as "Create history."

Earlier, Lenifer has been active in Germany and Austria in classical music countries. He has served as the chief commander of the Bavarian Opera House in Germany and became the first female conductor in the history of the Byrut Music Festival in Germany. In 2017, she moved to the Graz Opera House in Austria as chief conductor.

Lenifer told the media that she didn't even know that she had "created history", and she was just looking forward to new characters in Italy, and hoped that she would be flat as a command in the future.

Okasana Linif's experience is a microcosm of the female conductor group. Regarding whether women are suitable for directing the symphony orchestra, they have always been controversial in the European and American music community. It is generally believed that the orchestra command is a position with power. For example, the commander Karajan is known as the "command emperor", and the Russian conductor Jieyev is called the "commander of the Tsar", which is not surprising.

Professor Joroma Parma Paoura in Finland said in a TV show in 2014 that women are not suitable for "masculine" music such as Brookina and Stravinsky's works, and can only command Debussy's works " Female "music.

Simona Yang, who is currently the chief conductor of the Sydney Symphony Orchestra in Australia, has been "rectified" for the female conductor for many years, calling for equality for rights. She believes that people have made a basic error, that is, male representatives are strong, female representatives are sensitive, and in fact, whether it is male or female musicians, they need to have strong and sensitive aspects.

For a long time, women have made great efforts in breaking the gender stereotypes of the music industry, and outstanding female conductors around the world are fighting for recognition.

From the perspective of European music history, Franciska Caconi, Italy is the first female composer, operaist and conductor. Mary Anna von Martiana (1744-1812) in Austria was also a composition, singing and command. She conducted a premiere of the clear singing drama created in Vienna in 1783. Although the Frenchman Nadia Brown Hot (1887-1979) was famous for his composition, as a female conductor, he commanded the largest and best Boston Symphony Orchestra in the United States in 1938, becoming the first time in the history of the group.

In Germany, in 1977, Swiss Silvia Cardor became the first female command and music director in Germany and worked in the Sylinen City Symphony Orchestra. Born in Simonna Yang, Australia, in 1961, he served as Dean and Music Director of the Hamburg National Opera in Hamburg from 2005 to 2015. Prior to 2016, Estonian female conductor Christina Perta (born in 1978) served as the commander of the Berlin Express Opera Orchestra. Joanna Malvitz (born in 1986), as the youngest command and music director in Europe, worked at the Elford Theater in Germany, and started as the 2018/2019 music season. Mowing

In January 2021, the domestic film "Commander" was shot by the Netherlands and Belgium. It was adapted from the experience of Anthonia Bridko. It tells the early 20th century. Inspirational story of well -known conductor. Antonia Bryko (1902-1989), who has commanded first-class orchestras such as the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra and the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra, and for the first time in 1930, the famous Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra became the first internationally recognized And the female conductor who follows.

Today, the most famous female conductor in the United States is Marlin Alzop (born in 1956). She has served as director of the Balt Motor Symphony Orchestra and is the highest position in the American Symphony Orchestra. Since September 2019, she has served as chief conductor of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra and directed the Austrian Broadcasting Symphony Orchestra.

In addition, the Mexican female conductor of the Mexican -born female conductor of New York, USA in 1980, has also received great attention from the music industry and audience in recent years. The title of "Mexican Cultural Ambassador" was won.

Nevertheless, from the global perspective, the number of female conductors is still very small, even in Europe and North America, which are popular in classical music. A statistics from Germany Bavarian Classical Music Broadcast in November 2017 showed that more than 130 symphony orchestra in Germany, while female conductors fingered, only 3. In 2013, only one female commander ranked among the top 100 most busy conductors in the world, but from the data in 2019, this number has reached 8. This is still regrettable.

Munich, Germany, held a female music forum. There was a topic at the meeting: "Female conductor appeared at the New Year's concert in Vienna, how long will it take?"After the year.It seems that female conductors no longer become hot topics, and the music industry needs to continue to work hard.Just like in "Commander", Britto faced the touching line that Yan Shi Muk said solemnly: "Even if you don't help me, I still want to be a conductor; for music, I would rather give up my life."

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