Constructing the Great Wall of Water Steel -Remembering the People's Navy's first submarine forces before and after the birth of Qingdao

Author:Palm of Qingdao Time:2022.06.19

June 19 this year is the 68th anniversary of the People's Navy's first submarine forces in Qingdao. Let's return time for 70 years, and review why the submarine troops were born in Qingdao? What kind of extraordinary experience before and after birth?

Prelude

In August 1950, the Navy held an important conference on the establishment of the army since its establishment. It studied and formulated three -year planning for navy construction. (Submarine), fast (torpedo speedboat) ", which was an important consensus on the development of naval arms at that time. This plan was approved by the Party Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and Chairman Mao.

In order to implement this plan, on October 8, 1950, Chairman Mao personally went to the Soviet leader Stalin to send a telegram and requested to buy two small submarines for training. On December 18, the Chinese government officially proposed to the Soviet Union to provide two submarines' ordering requirements in 1951, and asked the Soviet submarine forces that had not been withdrawn from Lushun to train 4 submarines in my country. According to the Yarta Agreement in February 1945 before the end of World War II, the Soviet Pacific Fleet had not withdrawn from Lushun Port, among which the tiger tail was stationed with its submarine team. On February 7, 1951, the Soviet Union agreed to train 4 submarine members in China from 1951 to 1953.

From late April 1951 to early May, the "Naval Submarine Learning Team" consisting of 275 outstanding officers and soldiers from the entire army was selected from the Army. , Everything copies the Soviet Navy model.

On May 14, 1951, the Navy Submarine Learning Team officially started. The leaders of the party and the country and the army were very concerned. Premier Zhou Enlai went to the Lushun to inspect the submarine study team twice, and inspected the two types of submarines of the "Xiucker" and "Stalin" provided by the Soviet Union. Commander Zhu De and Marshal Liu Bocheng also inspected the submarine learning team and inscribed inscriptions.

decision making

While the submarine learning team started, the construction of the supporting facilities for the establishment of the people's navy's first submarine forces and the various supporting facilities of the submarine troops, including how to cultivate submarine talents by themselves, and the Central Military Commission, the Central Military Commission, and the Navy have launched discussion and decision -making decisions. Essence Where is the first submarine unit built? Judging from the actual situation at that time, the most ideal thing was the tiger tail of Lushun Port, because it has been built by the Soviet Union to build a submarine base. There are multiple submarine berths in the dock, and various supporting facilities on the shore are also perfect. However, the Soviet army had not been withdrawn at that time, and we could not deploy our submarine forces. However, it is necessary to build a port pier that can stop submarines and bases with complete shore supporting facilities from scratch. Not only is the amount of engineering huge, but time and financial resources are not allowed. The Party Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and the Navy repeatedly studied the final decision that the first submarine forces were based in Qingdao.

This unit is deployed in Qingdao. There are three analysis: First, Qingdao is the first good port in northern China. It has an important strategic position. The submarine force is deployed in Qingdao. , Gongwei Gyeonggi; second, as early as September 9, 1950, according to the order of the Central Military Commission, the Navy established a naval base in Qingdao to implement the leadership command of this submarine force; It has been taken over by the navy Qingdao base. One of the docks was built from the early last century in Germany and Japan. When it was established in New China, more than 10 berths of the banks have been built. The dock is located in the northwest of Qingdao Greater Port, surrounded by the sea on three sides, stretched from northeast to southwest. It has a dysentery on the outside. The lines are long and deep. The geographical location and environmental conditions are extremely superior. It is especially suitable for submarines to stop. Later practice proved that the decision -making of the Party Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and the Navy's decision to build the first submarine in Qingdao was very correct.

Be born

After the determination of the Party Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and the Navy, the construction of the submarine docks, including the supporting construction of various supporting facilities on the water and the shore, immediately developed. At that time, the construction of supporting projects proposed a design plan by Soviet experts, with reference to the land facility model of the Soviet submarine team of the Tiger Tail Pier. By early 1954, the construction of the entire dock and supporting facilities was basically completed, and the conditions for submarine had been preliminary.

On June 18, 1954, the Lushun Submarine Learning Team graduated, and at the same time received two small submarines of the "show" and "Stalin" type provided by the Soviet Union. On June 19, the Central Military Commission approved the establishment of the Navy's Independent Submarine Brigade, and the first submarine forces of the People's Navy were officially established. On June 24, China and the Soviet Union held a ritual of handover signing and lifting flags at the Tiger Tail Submarine Base. On the evening of June 28, the two new submarines named "New China No. 11" and "New China No. 12" were driven by the first batch of submarine boatmen of the People's Navy. From Lushun to Hangdu to Qingdao.

The first submarine unit of the People's Navy of the People's Republic of China was born in Qingdao!

Data photos of the "Show" type (top) and "Stalin" type (below) small submarine. Picture source: Haichao Publishing House "Chinese and Foreign Submarine Information"

The submarine forces born in Qingdao, after 68 years of construction and development, have created one miracle after another, writing one after another, built one after another. Forces, in order to safeguard my country's marine rights and maritime security, defend national unity and territorial integrity, have played an extremely important role.From this submarine force, two naval commanders and a deputy chief of staff of the PLA were also out of the naval commander, namely General Zhang Lianzhong, General Zhang Dingfa, General Zhang Dingfa, and General of the PLA Deputy Chief of Staff Sun Jianguo, theyHe has been the chief of the submarine and has lived in Qingdao for many years.People's Navy's modern new conventional submarine.Picture source: Xinhua News Agency