Ten years of Mu Class: The Road to Evolution of Higher Education and Teaching

It has been 10 years since the appearance of Mu class. In 2012, if a thunder was thunderous, the Mu class caused the entire high education field to boil.

Starting from Mu class, global higher education and teaching have entered a new stage. After that, online teaching continues to explore new methods: flipping classrooms, hybrid teaching, live broadcast teaching, fusion teaching ... until the new crown epidemic has forced global higher education teaching to be involved in a big practice that has never been involved. In practice, whether it is people's understanding of online education or online education itself, it has developed huge development.

Ten years ago, Mu class just appeared, and people questioned: What impact will Mu class affect traditional universities? Will the university fall because of this? Ten years have passed, maybe these questions have already been answered: Mu classes have indeed given new forms, opportunities and challenges for classrooms, but with the help of Mu classes, the new traditional universities have been developed well. Preliminary evolution.

The sun rises as usual, and the realm is different

On July 14, Yu Jianbo, the person in charge of the construction of the online course of Shanghai Jiaotong University, gave a speech entitled "Ten Years of Momascular Class Ten Years" on the Internet. He analyzed the development of Mu class in the past ten years.

In 2012, Coursera, EDX, UdaCity, the carriage was launched in the same year, indicating that the advent of the Mu class is the expert in the computer field. Examples of development and operation have ended the "barbaric growth" of online courses in China. Some people even evaluated Mu lessons that "the invention of the most impact on higher education since printing."

In 2013, it can be said to be the first year of Chinese moodyenic classes. Tsinghua University, Peking University and other domestic universities signed contracts with EDX, and Tsinghua University launched a "school online", providing a good platform for Chinese good courses.

From 2014 to 2016, Mu class continued to heat up in China, and has made great breakthroughs in platform construction, curriculum construction and online promotion. The university developed the course independently and formed a boom, such as Shanghai Jiaotong University launched the "Good University Online"; Shenzhen University initiated the establishment of the "UNIVERSITY Open Online Course Alliance", and began independent commercial operation in 2015, driving the operation of independent commercialization, driving it A group of moody -class production companies poured into the market to form an early publicity and promotion model.

It is worth noting that the higher education at this time has higher requirements for the form of curriculum recording: through extremely high cost investment and manpower investment, the course creates a "movie" effect. Yu Jianbo further said: "But now when I reflect on it, I will find that the content of the curriculum focuses more on basic courses at that time. ","

In 2017, the state began to participate in the construction of moody -less lessons, launched the first batch of high -quality online opening courses, and corrected the shortcomings of the previous construction: the construction concept of "content as king" was implemented through the "curriculum application case" project; As an important reference for teachers' evaluation and promotion, boutique online courses are used to improve the issue of insufficient motivation for teachers. "Of course, the construction of this stage also needs to be improved. For example, the evaluation standards for high -quality courses stay more in the number of participants in the classroom, and now it seems that there are factor that is unhappy." Yu Jianbo said.

In 2018, the second batch of high -quality online opening courses was invested. At this time, the differentiated domestic platform platforms were becoming smaller and smaller, corresponding to the increasingly fierce competition of the platform, and the regional Mu League all league has emerged. The formation of survival of the fittest.

In 2019, the first batch of national gold class identification projects were launched. Among the opportunities for first -class undergraduate courses, the platform obtains income through services such as certificates identification, degree courses, teacher consulting and other services, and basically achieves a profit.

Beginning in 2020, the epidemic changed the entire education model and also brought new opportunities to online education. China's real large -scale online teaching officially kicked off, and countless teachers "forced innovation" into this online teaching. More schools have begun to really invest in the construction of online teaching. For example, Zhejiang University invested 40 million to build hundreds of online courses.

This year, the second batch of national first -class courses has begun. The schedule of the online curriculum has also been on the agenda. On March 10th, the five departments of the Ministry of Education issued the "Several Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Online Open Curriculum Teaching of General College". Students' online learning behavior specifications and online platform operation mechanism specifications have made guidance and requirements for higher education and teaching work.

At the same time, the "fusion classroom" began to lead the new trend. On March 8th, a "global integration classroom" of domestic Peking University, Tsinghua University, Jiaotong University, and students of other countries simultaneously launched in the campus in many countries and regions around the world, and achieved good curriculum results. The introduction of online curriculum and the promotion of fusion teaching indicates that my country's online courses have embarked on a new journey.

Professor Sun Maosong of Tsinghua University once used "the sun rises as usual, and the realm is different" to describe the impact of Mu class on higher education in the early stage. It will magnify and optimize traditional classrooms, but in the expected future, it will never replace traditional classrooms. Mu classes will cause tremendous pressure on mediocre universities and even survival pressures, but universities that refuse mediocre and change the traditional sense will still operate very well. Looking at the development path of online education in these 10 years, it can be said that Mu class is the most dazzling pioneer in online education, but it is also a link in the future classroom of higher education. It and various online and offline ones The combination of models has spawned a new form of higher education and teaching.

A new trend of global teaching under the epidemic situation

Since the epidemic, large -scale online courses seem to have jumped from "post -meal desserts" to "dinner". The combination of online education and physical classrooms is becoming a normal state, which has driven the model and extension of global education and teaching.

"Higher education is undergoing the process of transforming from the" emergency remote teaching "model in the early days of the epidemic to the process of" more sustainable mixing and online teaching mode "." On April 18, the American Higher Education Information Association Educause "2022 The Horizon Report said.

The Horizon report states that universities are building a new teaching model. In the era of digital transformation of higher education, the challenge facing the teaching mode of colleges and universities is the diversity of teaching model -related concepts, such as mixed elastic learning, mixed learning, flipping classrooms, synchronous learning, and fusion learning.

So many terms actually point to one thing: that is the integration of online learning and offline learning. How to fully use and integrate the advantages of online courses and offline courses to create a better path for training students is equally important for research universities and application universities. It is also an important issue that must be planned by the university and the future.

Here, we use "advancement of the times" and "running the times" to summarize the past and future of Mu lessons: as a fulcrum of Mu lesson as a fulcrum of transforming higher education, we need to learn and hybrid online. With a more comprehensive and more diverse appearance, it integrates a higher education system with more adaptability and flexibility.

So, what is the situation of the development of higher education teaching in other countries around the world? What kind of development trends are present?

First, universities began to redefine and plan campus construction.

In the practice of promoting the reform of teaching and learning, colleges and universities have begun to form more distinctive and personalized measures; in the process of smart campus construction, improving the physical environment of campus Experience. For example, the Australian higher education department reintegrates the structure, planning and education methods of traditional education, and continuously improves the flexibility and response of the management department; Mexico is also committed to creating a favorable learning environment, promoting more systematic, humanization, and based on it. Teaching -based transformation.

Second, the curriculum design began to face the actual needs of students.

Under the dual influence of the continuous slowdown in economic growth and the rapid growth of the digital economy, university education and their business models gradually develop in the direction of reducing the burden of students and their family costs, providing a more flexible, modular and personalized learning experience and micro -micro -micro -micro -micro learning experience and micro -micro Certificate to better adapt to the trend of students' career development. Saudi Arabia's approach is worthy of attention. The country has begun to pay attention to providing skill -based training, strengthen the review of degree courses and industrial correlations, design and develop effective micro certificates, and continuously meet the skill -based employment requirements.

Third, intelligent technology gives birth to a new teaching model.

On the one hand, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of higher education is increasingly deepened, which is mainly reflected in the application of artificial intelligence in learning analysis and learning tools; on the other hand, at this stage, the field of university research is trying to redefine the teaching mode to promote teachers and students Understand the new teaching mode, and better establish a new curriculum mode that is compatible with it. For example, Mexico has adopted measures such as a variety of educational models, accepting more comprehensive education methods, and gradually adopting learning analysis. The American Community College focuses on simplifying mixing and remote learning models, and strengthening the training of teaching designers and technical support personnel.

In the future, the development of higher education in my country will need to rethink traditional education, redefine the teaching model, actively promote online and offline integration education, take the opportunity of new infrastructure education, build a general smart learning environment, and comprehensively promote the digital transformation of higher education.

Written article: Chen Rong

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