Longmen Grottoes have completed the first 50 years of repairing tourists to see the "true appearance" of the big Buddha again

Henan Daily client reporter Guo Geji Xiaoping

On July 21, the reporter learned from the Conference of Fengxian Temple Protection Project held by the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute that the large -scale leakage treatment and dangerous rock body reinforcement protection project of Fengxian Temple in Longmen Grottoes have been completed. This is another large -scale protection project after 50 years since the 1970s carried out a series of reinforcement maintenance projects since the 1970s.

Zhang Yoguang Photo

As the world's cultural heritage and national key cultural relics protection units, the protection project of Longmen Grottoes is implemented in strict accordance with the approval plan of the State Cultural Relics Bureau and the Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau. Since December last year, Lasana Buddha has set up a "bracket" around the Great Buddha and put on a green "surgical clothes". According to the director of the Protection Research Center of the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute, the focus of this major repair is mainly divided into two parts, one is leakage treatment, that is, according to factors such as the geological condition of Fengxian Temple, the distribution of cracks, and the degree of development of leakage diseases. The west wall, south wall, north wall, and surrounding areas of Xian Temple are governed.

The leakage treatment has always been the focus and difficulty of the cave protection project. The Longmen Grottoes Research Institute has adhered to the combination of the combination of rescue protection and preventive protection for many years, and follows the principles of minimal intervention, reversibility repair, and authenticity, which is the old protection principle.

According to Ma Chaolong, this time the "treatment" of Fengxian Temple, from survey design to data collection, to the construction stage, Longmen Grottoes Research Institute organized a number of Chinese Cultural Heritage Research Institute, Peking University, China University of Geosciences, Zhejiang University and other. Multi -disciplinary experts and scholars of the Scientific Research Institute participated in it. Researchers used probe radar detection, infrared imaging technology, 3D scanning testing digital technology, etc. to carry out pre -engineering survey and design and planning. At the construction site, the "Fengxian Temple Cracks and Water Seepage Survey Map" prepared by 3D scanning and testing results completely showed the "root root" of Fengxian Temple to the public. During the project, the staff took measures to combine blocking and dredging drainage and drainage during the project, which mainly completed the slightly cracks of the mountain top of Fengxian Temple area to block 2806 square meters, add 121 small drainage systems, and use fiber to enhance composite materials repair. The cave eaves 1296 to ensure the smooth flow of drainage system.

Dangerous rock body has always been the main disease that threatens cultural relics. The engineering team adopts the combination of rescue protection and preventive protection, and adopts the reinforcement measures of the achoring pole anchoring and anchoring and chemical grouting and adhesion to Fengxian Temple. Ma Chaolong introduced. The project reinforced 68 pieces of dangerous rock body, 1107 square meters of bonding of fragmented rock body, 120 meters of passive protective nets, and 2970 square meters of active protection nets, which provided a guarantee for cultural relics and tourists. According to the "medical examination report", the anchor reinforcement measures adopted by the previous project have been effective as of now, and it can effectively improve the stability of the Luxian Buddha structure.

During the engineering period, engineering staff also conducted archeological surveying and mapping, text records, high -definition photos and three -dimensional digitalization of Fengxian Temple. Gao Jun Ping, director of the Information Center of the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute, said: "We combine digitalization with the cave with the protection business, using multi -image photography, handheld three -dimensional scanner, joint arm scanner data collection, 3D printing and other technologies The body is scanned by three -dimensional digitalization, obtained the space interface data of accurate repair of the section, and implemented the complex cross -section and spatial structure of the repair parts. The earlier cave 429 -the earliest stone carvings "Diamond Sutra" cave and other caves were performed. "

While the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute conducted a "big repair" of Fengxian Temple, it also combined with multiple institutions and research institutes formed a scientific research team to launch detailed archeological work of Fengxian Temple. In the work, in addition to discovering green, red, and black pigments on the body surface of Lusana, the researchers also detected gold and silver elements on the face of the Great Buddha of Lasana for the first time.

At the same time, it was also discovered for the first time to discover that the statue of the Puxian Bodhisattva on the right side of the Lushea Buddha was made of glazed. The white substances retained on the statue surface were preliminarily analyzed by the on -site X -ray fluorescence. The composition was mainly lead white. Leading white not only provides a good interface for pigment attachment and gold foil bonding, but also plays a certain role in the later resistance of natural weathering.

After 228 days, the 6,900 square meter scaffolding of the outer 6,900 square meters at the time of the "Da Xiu" of Longmen Grottoes has begun to demolish. According to Shi Jiazhen, the dean of the Longmen Grottoes Research Institute, it is expected that the Great Buddha of Luxiana will be all available in 3 days, and the overall will take about 15 days. Tourists who come to visit in the future can see the "true appearance" of the Great Buddha.

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