Three years of hardship, deciphering the naked oatlin password, she puts the "China core" for oatmeal abundance

Cover news reporter He Fangdi

In Huidong County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan, the land is wide. Ten thousand acres of oatmel seeds are planted here and growing here. With the natural conditions of Gaohan Mountain District, Liangshan Prefecture has also become the main area of ​​oat planting in Sichuan Province.

Recently, with the heavy publication of a scientific research papers, scientists have found that they can improve and develop specific oat varieties through in -depth research on oat genome. This has a significant boosting role in Sichuan oats in the Pingba area, increase production, meet people's demand for healthy food and high -quality forage.

This scientific research achievement comes from the team of Professor Peng Yuanying in Sichuan Agricultural University's Wheat Institute of Oarma. In less than 3 years, they completed the sequencing work of the Chinese naked oatmeal group and captured the problem of ten years of fought for foreign scholars. A beautiful scene of the Wo Ye thousand miles, the beautiful scene of the wheat waves is out of the farmland of Tianfu.

Starting scientific research

From agriculture "Xiaobai" to companion with oats

Recently, a paper entitled "The Origin and Evolution of Six Bexy Oats based on the Reference Genome" was published in "Nature · Genetics" and pushed Peng Yuanying and her team to the spotlight.

This study first decippped the genome of six times the naked oats, and thoroughly studied the origin and the evolution of the origin of six times the oats and the subsequent group, drawing the "gene code chart" of oats to accelerate the genetic improvement of oats and the design of molecular design and breeding. Provide possibilities.

No one would have thought that Peng Yuanying, who studied the crop DNA throughout the year, did not even know corn when she first entered the "farm gate". What kind of fate between she and oats had it? Back to 2005, Peng Yuanying successfully admitted to Sichuan Agricultural University from a general teacher from the genetic teaching and research room of Qufu Shi University in Shandong to follow Professor Zheng Youliang, a wheat expert, to study a doctorate degree. Farmers ".

Soon after arriving at the Institute of Wheat, she came out with "foreign phase". Standing in front of a cornfield that had just emerged, she asked, "Is this iris?" As a result, the teacher was educated: "You are a school farmer, and you don't even know corn?" Her doctoral career started from this most basic content: the ground. In the laboratory, she followed some master's degree from the most basic operation and extract DNA.

Teacher Wei Yuming of Wheat Institute gave Peng Yuanying a full set of materials including oats brought back from Canada, including wild and cultivated species. The story between her and oats began. After staying at school, in the among a group of wheat people, Peng Yuanying said, "Teachers and classmates around the usual meetings, exchanging discussions are wheat. He teased himself "like a weeds mixed in the wheat." This "weed" was obscure, "doing what he should do", looking forward to breaking the soil to germinate one day.

Aiming at Oats Genome Lab

Many units join forces to plant "the seeds of hope"

Researcher Ren Changzhong, chief scientist of the National Oat Buckwheat Industry Technology System, led Peng Yuanying from the most basic industrial research and cultivation work in the national oat industry technology system project. , Meigu ... The oats in Sichuan are in relatively remote mountainous areas, leaving her footprints in these places.

In the field, the problems of oats production were investigated, and she saw the hidden opportunity of oatmeal research. "Experiments show that in fact, oats can be planted in two seasons in Pingba, Sichuan, because the conditions for weak light in Sichuan are very suitable for the growth of oat forage, and the quality of the forage is very good." Peng Yuanying said.

"Oats have extremely high nutritional value, contain dietary fiber, can promote gastrointestinal motility, reduce cholesterol, and can also be used as feeds for domestic animals." However, there are some weak links and problems in oat production. Due to lack of basic research, there is no way to go deep at work, because "excavation of high -yield, high -quality or resistant genes such as oats such as the important genetic resources such as oatmeal essence must have the basic framework of the genome map, but at that time, the genome of the oats chroma was divided into everyone. It is not clear that many jobs cannot be further carried out at all. " This became an important reason for her decision to draw the oats genome.

“10年前，国外同行就开始做皮燕麦的基因组测序研究，但由于难度较大，迟迟没有结果。”彭远英本来打算等国外研究结果出来后再进一步深入，然而一等再等都没等到Related research results were published. She realized that scientific research must not wait and rely on.

In 2018, she was determined to knock on the door of Oat Genome. With the support of the National Oatmeal buckwheat industry technology system and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Sichuan Agricultural University -Jilin Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Jilin Province and the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences In cooperation with Wuhan Hope Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and other cooperation, the naked oatmeal infrastructure sequencing work is officially launched.

In order to fully excavate China's own quality resources, Peng Yuanying chose a representative local variety from China's naked oats to carry out sequencing work. Researcher Ren Changzhong used his many years of experience in oat breeding to carefully select and purify the traditional local varieties of the origin of naked oats from China's naked oats, and handed over the seeds to Peng Yuanying. Breakthrough key technology

Insert industrial wings for oat "China core"

Facing rounds of sequencing and massive data analysis, "always grabbing time" has become the norm of Peng Yuanying. She once went to Beijing in the early morning plane, discussed with the sequencing company in the morning, communicated at the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the afternoon. Shenyang, Wuhan. In those days, she was often awakened by the same nightmare: when she woke up, the results of the gene sequencing abroad have been successfully published.

On the first day of the year of 2019, she sowed the "seeds of hope" prepared for sequencing; on the first day of the New Year of the New Year, she spent the wait for the data and the anxiety of the epidemic. She wrote the first draft of the paper overtime; in the first day of the New Year's Eve in 2022, she perfectly returned the paper in the office.

Through the study of "three -pointers", Peng Yuanying finally drawn the molecular map of the oats genome 21 pairs of chromosomes with the team, annotated that 120,000 protein encoding genes were annotated, and 1269 resistance genes were identified. High -quality reference genome. They also analyzed the whole genome association of 659 centered oats in different sources to outline the evolutionary model of the entire oats species. According to the reference genome sequence and annotation information The site reflects the important value of reference genome in important gene mining and oatmeal breeding.

The results of high -quality research have finally been highly affirmed. A reviewer said that the assembly and annotations of the genome, as well as the accompanying genome and heavy sequencing resources, have high quality. The "three -point three" genome has sufficient novelty because this genome is quite unique in his genetic status. Another reviewer said that the data and analysis provided by this work are highly novel, representing the major progress of plant genomics, especially grain genome, and provides new insights for large -scale genome genome development; It is important for the transformation of oats to cultivate oats to cultivate the transformation of oats.

Looking back at the process of decoding oatmeal genes, Peng Yuanying was very emotional: "This article has gone through hard efforts and many vacations, weekends and nights without rest. Graduate students are trying their best to do their own business. "

What is the practical significance of decoding oatmeal genes for the next step of oat planting and application? Peng Yuanying said, "Now you can start considering how to use modern breeding strategies, such as genome editing, etc., to further improve and develop specific oats to meet the global demand for this healthy food and high -quality forage. Effectively promote the basic research and breeding of oats. "

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