The news is too sudden!The 48,000 -ton Russian "Typhoon" class nuclear submarine retires, and the generation of legends ends

"Military and Military Secondary Point" Author: Da Yiwan

According to the Global Times, on July 20th, according to the Russian military complex, the Russian Navy's last 941um strategic missile nuclear submarine "Dmitry East Skii" was recently Naval bases withdrew from active.

Is the follow -up processing process of this class, whether it is demolished or dragged to a Patriot Park for permanent preservation, and it is still uncertain.

"Typhoon" class nuclear submarine research and development background

And when it comes to the 941um strategic missile nuclear submarine, its most famous name is the famous "typhoon" level (in fact the Red Navy called it "shark"), the protagonist in the movie "Hunting Red October", is it, and is The largest nuclear submarine in the world is the same as the 1144 cruiser. It is the invincible symbol of the powerful Soviet Red Navy.

The "Typhoon" nuclear submarine and the "Kirov" class nuclear -powered cruiser not far away are the glory of the Soviet Red Navy

During the most prosperous period of the Red Navy, it also operated 6 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarines at the same time, carrying a total of 120 R-39 submarine-to-demon intercontinental ballistic missiles, and was ready to throw hundreds of nuclear warheads to the heads of capitalist enemies. superior. Now, with the retirement of the last "Dimitri East Scott", the most glorious era of the Soviet Red Navy is drifting with the wind.

Peak period: 5 "Typhoon" class in the same frame

As for why these 6 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarines, after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, there was only a solo seedlings of "Dmitry East Sto". Why did the boat finally retire until 2022? This is to mention the design logic of the 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarine itself. In a sense, the 941 "Typhoon" -class ballistic missile nuclear submarine has a very large ingredient in the overall design. Its huge, up to 40,000 tons of underwater displacement, instead of designing the design intention to be intentional For this, it is better to say that many subsystems compromise with each other.

In fact, at the beginning of the start of the 941 plan, the overall plan given by Leningrad's "Ruby" Central Design Bureau, which is responsible for the overall boat, is relatively conservative, basically a limited amplification version of the second -generation 667 ballistic missile nuclear submarine of the Soviet Union. , Far from the "typhoon" level we see now so exaggerated. However, after the overall design of the "Ruby" Design Bureau, different voices appeared on the most important system and submarine ballistic missiles of the ballistic missile nuclear submarine.

The launch of the R-29RMU2 LAYNER submerged ballistic missile, adopted a three-level liquid pushing power

For a long time, the Soviet Red Navy has been used in the submarine -shooting missiles of the liquid rocket engine, which has formed a very mature technical route. Of course, the liquid rocket engine has a long launch preparation for launching the ballistic missile, and the combat response speed is slow. It is considered not suitable for the need for underwater nuclear strikes in the future. To this end, the Soviet Minister's Meeting of the Soviet Military Enterprise clearly stipulated that the new generation of ballistic missile nuclear submarines must be designed with solid rocket engines to get rid of the Red Navy R-27, R-29 and other submarine ball missiles. The status quo.

R-29RMU2.1 Layner submarine ballistic missile

The development order issued by the Soviet Minister's meeting made the Markyev Design Bureau (скб-385 Bureau), which is responsible for the overall shooting missile. After all, the overall plan proposed by the скб-385 and the 941 plan to support the sub-fire-shooting missile is precisely an improved version of the R-29 submarine-to-ball missile. The length of the missile is only 14 meters, and the missile diameter does not exceed 1.7 meters, but now everything must be pushed down.

R-39 submarine ballistic missiles are being lifted

Because the скб-385 Design Bureau has no experience in developing solid rocket engines' submarine ballistic missiles, the design has no clue, and has to urgently ask for help from the red Ukrainian Diebero Peter Peter Peter Peter Peter. The "Southern" Design Bureau provides the technical solution of the solid rocket engine they is developing to the 8-385, including the bomb design, the promotion agent group, and the promotion agent pouring technology. However, the "Southern" Design Bureau did not develop the experience of the underwater launch system of ballistic missiles. To this end, the underwater launch system of the new generation of subcontane ballistic missiles still depends on the скб 385. However, because the underwater conditions of the solid rocket engine are still more stable than that of the liquid rocket engine, the development of the underwater launch system has no major obstacles.

The typhoon -level nuclear submarine that is hanging R39 missiles is shot from the perspective of the dock. It can be seen that the typhoon and the missile are huge. Many people observe it around

Nevertheless, as the Soviet Red Navy's first solid rocket engine, a submarine ballistic missile, the volume of the new generation of R-39 submarine-launched ballistic missiles is still too large: according to September 1973 скб 385 provided to the "ruby" to the "ruby" The center of the center's missile bomb body, the length of the R-39 submarine-shooting ballistic missile has reached more than 16 meters, and the diameter of the bullet body expands from the original 1.7 meters to more than 2.4 meters. Above above.

Comparison of data of R-39 and Trident

In comparison, when the R-39 submarine-to-demand domestic ballistic missile began to be developed, trying to match the UGM-73A "Sea God-C3" of the U.S. military and the later updated UGM-96A "Trident I-C4". The length of these two submarine ballistic missiles is only about ten meters long, the diameter of the bullet body does not exceed 2 meters, and the take-off weight is only 30 tons. In this way, the mission of the скб 385 design bureau is completed. "The bureau. To this end, the "Ruby" Central Design Bureau had to carry out a large scale to the original "magnifying version" 667 ballistic missile nuclear submarine. Considering that due to the amazing volume of R-39 submarine-shooting ballistic missiles, after complex ideological struggle, the "Ruby" Design Bureau finally came up with a "strong miracle": the original Soviet Red Navy nuclear submarine, or all countries in the world in the world Nuclear submarines, either using a single shell layout like NATO nuclear submarines, only one layer of pressure shell, or like a Soviet nuclear submarine, a double shell layout, and the light shell is inside the light shell.

By observing the three views and section of the typhoon season, it can be seen that its unique "product" font -shaped shell design. This kind of design of two nuclear submarines, the price paid can be imagined, you can imagine it.

On the 941 project, the "Ruby" Central Design Bureau adopts a unique "product" font -type pressure shell design. It is equipped with a 7.2 -meter -diameter -diameter -diameter -diameter pressure shell on the left and right sides of the boat, forming two independent independent each other. The boat structure, the small pressure shell where the command cabin is located is "riding" on the two boats of the two boats, and the boat catfish mine cabin also forms a relatively independent small -scale pressure shell, which is wrapped with light shells outside.

As for the ballistic missile cabin, the original ballistic missile nuclear submarine, its ballistic missile cabin was passed through the inner pressure shell inside the boat, behind the submarine enclosure. The "Typhoon" -class ballistic missile cabin of the 941 project is located in the front of the boat. In front of the enclosure, it is "squeezed" in the middle by the left and right pressure shells. After such a design compromise, the structure of the submarine can accommodate the 20 amazing R-39 "big catfish" submarine-type submarine ball missiles, which is also the "typhoon" class we see now.

How to evaluate the "Typhoon" class nuclear submarine

In all fairness, the "Ruby" Central Design Bureau designed the 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarine that compromised this is also a design task given to it by the chairman of the Soviet Minister's Meeting:

You can carry R-39 submarine ballistic missiles, and the performance of the latent ballistic missile does exceed the UGM-96A "Trident I-C4". In addition, the 941 underwater displacement is amazing, which is very suitable for Su Xunzong to do the biggest thing in everything. This bad taste. However, we also have to say that the design of the 941 type is very difficult and the cost performance is very low:

"Typhoon" class in construction

First, the cost of type 941 is too expensive. This is not difficult to understand at all. After all, people's nuclear submarines have only one resistant shell. You have become two large pressure shells and four small pressure shells. Whether it is the difficulty of construction, construction hours or costs, they must far exceed a submarine resistant to a criminal shell. According to the Soviet Red Navy, the cost of building a 941 nuclear submarine can build almost two 667B "Delta" class, or it is equivalent to a 1143.5 "Kuznetsov" class. It is a strategic equipment that costs more silver.

The second is that the 941 submarine ballistic ballistic is indeed unsatisfactory. The R-39 was originally the first-generation solid submarine shooting missile that Markyev Design Bureau rushed out of the shelves. With a maximum take-off weight of 90 tons, it could only reach the range of 8300 kilometers. In contrast, the UGM-133A "Trident II-D5" submarine ballistic missile that the U.S. military began in 1990 will reach 11500 kilometers with a maximum take-off weight of 59.1 tons and a typical throwing weight of 1500 kg. Its performance far exceeds R-39.

Third, the key indicators such as the 941 type of navigation rate have not been good. This is actually the pile of wonders of war in the later period of the Soviet Union. For example, the steam circuit is always a type 1144 nuclear power cruiser. The same is true of the 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarine. The volume is too large, the reliability of the system becomes poor, and the difference in reliability is low. For half a year, you have to lie in the port for maintenance. For the ballistic missile nuclear submarine, you do n’t work at the voyage rate.

Two scrapped "typhoon" levels, you can see the exposed giant missile launch well

Therefore, the original 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarine, which was originally high, was forced to cut 5 ships after the Soviet Union disintegrated. In the end, only the "De Mitri East Scois" was left, and because the R-39 submarine-to-ball missiles arrived in the 21st century, the Russian Navy did not have extra silver to maintain it. Even the "De Mitri East Scoid" only has a digit-digit R-39.

The "Typhoon" level (later) and its successor "North Wind God" level (front). In fact, the length of these two types of submarines is not large, but due to angle problems, the god of Beifeng seems very small.

In the end, even "Dimitri East Ski" itself became a test for the "Round Hammer (Blava)" type of "Round Hammer (Blava)" for the 955 "God of the North Wind" The boat, it was finally exerted a waste of heat. Now, with the final test of the 955A nuclear and "Round Hammer (Blava)" missiles, the 941 ballistic missile nuclear submarine has finally completed its mission. Essence At the end of the article, Xiaobian shared some more famous photos of "Typhoon" level:

Typhoon that stops with the first generation of North Wind Gods

Typhoon -level huge tail paddle, a little buddy is sitting on it, you can see that it is not as high as a tail paddle.

Due to the huge body shape, not only the typhoon level has a swimming pool, but also a indoor artificial sun room for the boat to rest

The "typhoon" level through the bridge

Famous web map: Temporary TK208 appeared in the seaside bath, there was a feeling of yacht, and Russians were not surprised. Few people's sight towards the typhoon.

Sino-Russian "Maritime United-2017" exercise, the Chinese Navy 054A frigate and typhoon-level photos

- END -