Assassin in the metal world -platinum

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Assassin in the metal world -platinum

What do you think of assassins?

this?

Ancient masked assassin

this?

The assassin in the glory of the king -Lanling King

Or this?

Ice cream assassin

neither!

The assassin we are going to say today

Is the assassin of the metal world -platinum

Metal platinum

The reason why it is called an assassin

Not only because it is a tongue price

Also because it is 钌, 钯, 钯, 锇, 铱

These five elements together

Share the maximum intensity, maximum density

The characteristics of the highest melting, boiling point and most corrosion resistance

We call the platinum elements

Platinum elements are located in the element cycle table

one

Platinum

Platinum, commonly known as platinum

Atomic order 78, atomic amount 195.084

Located in the sixth cycle of the element cycle, the Ling family

Belong to the transition metal

Platinum

Platinum is a silver -white metal with a large density (21.45 g/cm3)

The color of pure platinum

(Source: Platinum: Phase 1 "Burning" hundreds of thousands of popular science videos)

Platinum has a high melting point (1769 ℃)

High boiling point (3827 ℃)

Platinum heated in the air

(Source: Chemical Elements Platinum Platinum PT PT: Metals that ladies and sisters like)

Platinum texture is soft

Have good ductility, thermal conductivity and conductivity

Platinum ductility

(Source: Platinum: Phase 1 "Burning" hundreds of thousands of popular science videos)

Its chemical nature is stable

Demolition in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and alkali solution

But it is soluble in Wangshui

Platinum is dissolved in Wangshui

(Source: Platinum: Phase 1 "Burning" hundreds of thousands of popular science videos)

The price of platinum is+2,+4,+5,+6

It can react with sulfur, phosphorus, and halogen at high temperature

Used to make salt, alloys, fireworks, nuclear reactors, etc.

Platinum alloy and fireworks

two

Platinum history

The first time when Europeans

Gold in the sediment of the Lituo River in Spain

Occasionally found a white metal mixed in the middle of gold

They think this is the cheap "relative" of silver

Or "immature" gold

They spent a lot of energy

Only to separate this kind of white metal

Contempt called "Platina Del Pinto"

It means "broken silver in Rio Tuo River"

Platinum English name Platinum

It is the word "silver" from Spanish

At that time, people were "not knowing goods" at that time

Not only closed some of the gold mines "contaminated" by platinum

Moreover, when the Spanish government saw a businessman

When mixing pseudo coins mixed with platinum in the silver dollar

Also anger ordered the mined platinum into the sea into the sea

Since then, platinum has been left out for a long time

18th century

Spanish mathematician, explorer Antonio De Usoia

I checked the platinum metal and recorded the detailed information about it

In 1752, the Swedish Henrik Shefver carefully studied platinum

And confirm that it is an precious metal element

Metal platinum

In the following half a century

Scientists' interest in platinum greatly increases

And conduct a variety of physics and chemical analysis

However

Platinum reactive activity in all metals is the lowest

It makes it difficult for scientists to investigate its secrets

In 1799, due to the strong inertia of platinum

Let it have a very suitable use

The French Academy of Sciences created a platinum stick

As the standard of "rice"

International Mirahe

At the same time, a platinum cylinder was created

(Contains 90%platinum and 10%铱)

As the standard of "kilograms"

International kg original device

three

Platinum resources

Compared with gold, silver mineral resources

Platinum elements metal mineral resource reserves lower

If all the platinum elements in the world

Pour in a standard swimming pool in Olympic Games

It is not enough to cover the instep

And in all the platinum elements

Platinum has the least content in the crust, only 5 × 10-9

Usually it is obtained as a no -to -nickel and copper by -products

a. Natural platinum B. Platinum -containing pyrite

c. Arsenal Platinum D. Sponge Platinum

my country's platinum consumption is the first to the world

Annual demand exceeds 70 tons

The annual output of my country is only 2-3 tons

There is a huge resource gap

Dozens of tons of platinum from South Africa and Russia every year

Four

Platinum application

Metal platinum has a high melting point (1772 ° C)

Outstanding corrosion resistance

And the characteristics of stable chemistry properties

In jewelry, catalyst, sensor, anticancer drug

Petroleum refinement, electronic equipment manufacturing and other fields are widely used

1

Platinum

Platinum has strong corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance

Chemical properties are not lively

At the same time, because platinum has a beautiful gloss

The content of the earth is extremely scarce

Some merchants seized this opportunity and made platinum into jewelry

In the 16th century, platinum gradually introduced to Europe

Become "the precious metal that matches the title of the king"

Platinum is also resistant to corrosion

The advantages of rarely reaction to other substances

The meaning of eternal love

Platinum

2

"Heart" of fuel cell -platinum base catalyst

In recent years

As the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly severe

The development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is developing rapidly

Among them, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCS)

Because of its advantages such as high efficiency, pollution -free, and small noise

Gradually become the excellent performance of electric vehicle green power energy platinum catalysts due to its high activity and good stability

It is considered a "heart" for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

3

Platinum alloy nano -material

Alloy nano -self -assembly materials prepared by PT

With unique electricity, light, magnetic and mechanical characteristics

It is widely used in many fields such as chemistry, biosensor and other fields

For example

And high sensitivity, fast response, stability and good reproducibility

Therefore, as an electro -catalytic sensor material

The working electrode assembled on the microcomputer device

It can be used to detect important intermediates of many biological reactions

Such as hydrogen peroxide, cholesterol

Methanol, chorionic gonadotropin, etc.

Gold-Platinum alloy nano line SEM diagram

4

Glowing platinum complex

There are some signal transmission in the organism

Active molecules of metabolic regulation

When these active substances exceed the limited range

It may cause disease

Even cancer

At present, in the field of active substances, metal matches

Due to high sensitivity, good stability, longer fluorescent life

The advantages of not easy to self -reunification have become research hotspots

For example, in 2017, the LAW team designed a kind of

Code ion 炔 Kibin (Ⅱ) complex

As a biological probe, for detection of bentinase

Code ion 炔 Kibin (Ⅱ) complex

5

Platinum anti -cancer drug

Since 1965 Barnett Rosenberg discovered

The inhibitory effect of cisplatin on cell proliferation

Platinum starts to enter people's vision with the role of anti -cancer drugs

Platinum complaints such as cisplatin, kar platinum, Osarin platinum and other platinum mathematics

It is currently commonly used anti -cancer drugs in the medical field

But there will be certain restrictions in clinical applications

Still research and improvement

History of Platinum Anti -Cancer Drug Development

6

Platinum elements of the formation of vessels and magma formed evolution

Platinum does not have many practical purposes,

Research on the enrichment evolution mechanism of platinum elements

More important geological scientific significance

Platinum elements have strong sulfur properties

Mainly enriched in sulfide

Can migrate with the effect of magma from the mantle to the crust

Therefore, the origin and evolution of the mantarian magma and the evolution

Research on the cause of magma sulfide minerals very effective traceing elements

five

Platinum's future

China is the largest platinum metal consumer country

China's platinum consumption structure

The demand for automobile industry accounts for the largest proportion

Secondly, jewelry, crude oil industry, and chemical industry

Glass Manufacturing and Electronic Industry

In addition, because platinum is the necessary catalyst in hydrogen fuel cells

It is the primary motivation for the rapid development of hydrogen fuel vehicles

Therefore, the platinum element achieves the "double carbon" goal of my country

Has a very important role

As my country's demand for platinum metal continues to rise

In the future, the degree of foreign dependence will be further increased

Therefore, strategic reserves should be carried out in time

In order to avoid the Platinum metal control country

Changes in economic, politics, military and other aspects

The negative impact on my country's "stuck neck"

The main action includes:

1. Increase the second recovery of the platinum metal metal; 2. Strengthen the survey and research of domestic platinum elements minerals; 3. Strengthen technological innovation to improve the harvest of the Platinum metal mine in my country

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