Du Xiuli: The construction of tough cities need to pay more attention to the disaster prevention and mitigation research of key infrastructure systems

July 28, 2022 is the 46th anniversary of the 7.8 earthquake in Tangshan. The earthquake died over 242,000 people and seriously injured by over 164,000. The earthquake destroyed the century -old industrial city of Tangshan. The damage of key infrastructure such as transportation, communications, and power supply has increased the disaster situation and increased the difficulty of earthquake relief and reconstruction. The reconstruction work lasted for more than ten years, which caused the national economy to impact and influence the long period of time. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to urban earthquake safety, regarding urban earthquake prevention and disaster reduction as the top priority, and emphasized that they should pay attention to earthquake safety issues in the process of urban planning, construction and operation and maintenance. During the planning and construction of the Xiong'an New District, the earthquake safety goals were specifically determined, and the overall planning and special planning of the New District was implemented.

Historically, the earthquake disasters that occurred in large cities have repeatedly caused key infrastructure to destroy, a huge impact on socio -economic and economic, and has attracted great attention from people. In 1906, a magnitude 8 earthquake occurred in San Francisco in the United States, with more than 3,000 deaths, and burning the fire for three days and three nights. 508 blocks were burned and covered by 12 square kilometers. In this earthquake, the importance of key infrastructure, especially the water supply network, has been highlighted. When a magnitude 8.3 earthquake in Kanto, Japan in 1923, the capital of 2.48 million people had only 50 water pumps to rescue the train. The damage of the water supply pipeline network caused fire hydrant to almost completely fail. The fire burned 450,000 houses, 130,000 people were killed in the earthquake, and 100,000 people were buried in the sea of ​​fire. This fierce lesson directly contributed to the establishment of global earthquake engineering disciplines and large -scale research work, especially for the research work of preventing urban earthquake disasters. Key infrastructure, such as water supply, power supply, transportation, gas and other infrastructure.

After the Tangshan earthquake, the disaster prevention and mitigation work in my country opened a new chapter. On the one hand, the government management system of disaster prevention and mitigation of my country's cities has been changed, not only the government office responsible for earthquake resistance and disaster prevention, but also from the central government to county and townships, forming a systematic command system, but also continued to promote the new projects. Earthquake prevention requirements and reinforcement and renovation of existing buildings have prepared corresponding earthquake resistance and disaster prevention planning, and formulated relevant laws and regulations. On the other hand, under the field of earthquake engineering science research, under the guidance of national needs and major scientific issues, the scientific research cause of seismic engineering has truly produced a strong vitality. Chinese scientists not only conducted in -depth and detailed investigations and analysis on the damage of engineering construction buildings, but more importantly, the series of engineering structure and engineering system earthquake -resistant design theory of the series of engineering structure and engineering system was proposed, developed, and implemented. Academician Xie Lili, Academician Liao Zhenpeng, Academician Zhou Xiyuan and other representative scholars have achieved remarkable results.

In recent years, my country has comprehensively promoted the work of urban activity fault detection, urban earthquake communities, urban earthquake prediction and disaster prevention countermeasures. Based on the results of medium- and long -term earthquake predictions, the earthquake key monitoring and defensive cities were determined. After the 8.0 magnitude earthquake in Wenchuan in 2008, the current situation of urban high risks was further strengthened. The China Earthquake Administration took tough urban and rural areas as one of the "four major plans" in the National Earthquake Technology Innovation Project and promoted the corresponding research work. For large cities and urban agglomerations, on November 3, 2020, the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan clearly put forward the goal of building a "tough city" for the first time. In the national key R & D plan "major natural disaster monitoring and early warning and prevention" key special high school special high school special high school deployment of urban risk assessment, urban earthquake risk dynamic monitoring, urban earthquake search and rescue and urban architecture and key infrastructure earthquake mechanisms, obtained A series of new models, new technologies, and new methods, and achieved good demonstration application effects.

Although in the past 50 years, the city's earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work has achieved great success, but in some areas, especially the key infrastructure fields including traditional lifeline projects such as water supply and power supply, they still face considerable challenges. In addition, we re -examine our scientific research from the perspective of the system. Some new infrastructure systems are particularly concerned, such as subway systems, military systems (mainly non -war large -scale military disaster relief behaviors), food systems (including water and food, etc. ), Psychological rescue system, epidemic prevention system (medical and health facilities, etc.), public opinion system, etc. The tough city not only focuses on pre -system prevention, but also pay attention to recovery after system disaster; not only pays attention to the physical damage of the system, but also the functional losses of the system, thereby unifying the urban disaster prevention and mitigation. With the opportunity of the construction of a tough city, paying attention to the earthquake resistance of key infrastructure will inevitably promote the development of disaster prevention and mitigation in my country, and will be a happier and beautiful tomorrow for the people of the country!

About the Author

Du Xiuli, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at Beijing University of Technology.

Source: China Earthquake Administration

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