Is Zhang Liang a teenager when he was a book?| Wang Peijun

(Ming) Li Zai's "Illustration of the Book on the Step"

one

The story of Zhang Liang's performance for the old man was seen in "Historical Records". Of course, this incident is very strange, and it is also interesting to read, but if it is investigated, its authenticity is suspicious. Su Shi has a "Leave Hou". For the famous articles chanted from the coming, the popular "Ancient Customs" is also income -to make a big discussion, thinking that "the so -called heroes of the ancients must be there. "The festival", "The death is not shocked, and it is not angry without any reason." Such holdings, although there is nothing to do, may wish to hear it. But the other section must be refuted: "The husband and the elderly, think that there are more than the sub -room, and worry about the lack of measurement, so the teenagers are righteous, so that they can bear the small and small. . Why? There is no life of life, and he meets between Cao Ye, and his life is based on the serving of the servants. "(According to the Chinese Book Bureau's" Su Shi Collection ", p. 104)

Speaking of it, when you read it, the words are reasonable. You must not be willing, but once you check it, you know that you actually want to take it for granted. The old man asked Zhang Liang to "take down the performance", and the "Family of the Hou Hou Family" clearly said, "Liangxian, want to fight" (the six characters "Han Shu" together, "Historical Collection" quoted the ancient copy that Xu Guang saw, It was only "good anger, scolding"), only "for his old, forbearing", but Su Shi said it was "no wonder"! It's really weird. In particular, the phrase "so deeply fold its young man's rigidity" is not an other thing. Although Zhang Liang's age, although Shi Wuyan, could not be confirmed, but according to the "Family of the Hou Hou Family", it can be estimated. At the time of the old man, Zhang Liang was no longer a "juvenile". "Stay Hou Shijia" began to cloud:

Leave Hou Zhang Liang, the first Korean. The grandfather opened the ground, and Han Zhaohou, King Xuanhui, and Xiang Ai. Father Ping, King Xiangli, Mourning Wang Hui. In the twenty -three years of mourning King Hui. Twenty years old, Qin destroyed Han. Young years are young, and they are not Korean. Han Po, three hundred people in Liangjia, were not buried with their brothers. They asked the family wealth to stab Qin King, avenged Han, and used the old father and father -five. (Chinese Book Bureau, Volume 6 pp. 2033)

According to Zhang Liangzhi's grandfather Zhang Kaidi ("Historical Records" quoted Wang Fu and Huang Fuxuan, he thought that the sub -house was the Han Dynasty, the surname of the Ji, and the name of the Qin to buy the name Zhang Liang. Zhang. According to the "New Tang Book · Prime Minister's World Table" and the recent "Historical Records" of Wang Shuyi, the aunt, the time of the Korean phase is not later than the twenty -six years of Zhaohou. That is, 36 years of King Zhou Xian (333 BC, according to the "Han Family" and "Six Kingdoms New Year". Chen Mengjia's "Six Kingdoms Chronicles" as "29 years of Ji Hou", Lihou is Zhaohou; Yang Kuan's "The Editorial Certificate of the Historical Materials of the Warring States Period" is "Thirty Years of Zhaohou". It is the last year of Zhaohou, and in the thirty -six years of showing king, there is no difference); the possible time is Twenty -three years of Zhaohou (before 336), because according to "Han Shijia" and "Lao Tzu Han Fei Biography", Zhaohou eight to 22 years, Han Xiangwei did not harm Han Mu. Nineteen years before and after, see the seventh seventh "In the Qin Son of the Qin Dynasty", "The Test of the Test"; in the same basis, the aunt is still from "Historical Records"). It is the time limit for the Korean phase, the last year that can be to King Xiang, the 16th year of King Xiang and the nineteenth year of King Zhou Xun (296 before). Assuming that when the land was at the beginning, the age of thirty, to the sixteenth year of King Xiang, he was the old man of nearly 70 years. According to the general situation of the life, his grandson Zhang Liang was already holding. But history is not coincident, it is a small probability. At that time, Zhang Liang was not born. Why do you say it? It is very simple, because Han was destroyed in Qin in 230 years ago, Zhang Liangzheng was "young". Zhang Liangruo was born in 296. By 230 BC, his year was sixty -seven, and he was a man. So, is Zhang Liangzhi's life the most possibilities? According to Zhang Ping's father, Zhang Ping, the year of the death of Han Xiang, in the twenty -three years of mourning King Hui (250 years ago. "Han Shijia" and "Six Kingdoms New Year" as "King Hui Hui"), we can see that Zhang Liang's life, no matter how late it is later, this year; 230 years ago, Qin extinguished Han, and "Leave Hou Shijia" clearly stated that it was "young, not having trouble for Korea", so that it was 250 years ago. In other words, on the occasion of Han Die, Zhang Liangruo is twenty years old, which is called "young", which is okay. Therefore, with the most conservative algorithm, Zhang Liang must be born from 250 years before. Considering Zhang Liang another brother. If his older brother is only one year old, Zhang Liang is born at the latest. It's later than this year.

If Zhang Liang was born in 251 the first 251 years, how old was it when his employee was stabbed with 120 pounds of big iron. The specific time of the Emperor Shi Emperor, "The Family of the Hou Hou" was unpredictable. Obtained. According to the "Historical Records of the Emperor" and the "Six Kingdoms of the Six Kingdoms", the matter was 29 years of the Emperor (before 218). "The Emperor's Benji" cloud: "Twenty -nine years, the emperor swims east. To the Yangwubo wolf sand, the thief was shocked. Ask for the thief, it makes the world a big ten days." "Historical Records" cloud: " "Wolf Wolf", "Bo Lang", "Bo Lang", "Hanshu Zhang Liang Chuan" is "Bo Wolf", but it is just a strange writing of ancient characters. Although this is not as the name of Zhang Liang, it can be seen that it can be seen in the "Hou Hou Family". From 218 to 251 years ago, it was thirty -three years. In other words, when Zhang Liang was stabbing with Lishi, he was a middle -aged man with a thirty -four -year -old man who was calculated by the ancients. This is the most conservative algorithm. For five or six years, in fact, this is also the most likely and closest to history -because assuming that Zhang Liang's father was born 333 years ago, that is, when his grandfather was first, then the first 251 years ago Zhang Liang's father is also more than 80 years old. He has a child with an old man over 80 years old. He has great difficulties in medicine. Therefore, Zhang Liang's father must move backwards, and Zhang Liang's life must Move forward, so that Zhang Liang was forty years old at that time. For Zhang Liang, who has been forty years old, can Su Shi still say that he is "young and rigid"? Hong Mai, who was nearly ninety years later in Su Shi, discussed in his "Bai Su Shiji" in his "Rongzhai Five Pen" and the sense of age in Su Shi's poems:

Bai Le Tian is honest and honest, pretending to be poetic, good years old. Because of the collection, he recorded it: "In this life, knowing the heart of the young man, not showing frowning thirty", "Mo Yan thirty is a teenager, one hundred years old and one point is one point." "Besides "Twelve", "I don't feel the mirror, suddenly thirty -four years", "I am thirty -six years old, faint Fudan", "Non -old is not young, the year of the year is over three years old", "I want forty years of the year, There are women saying that they are golden "," I want to know forty today, and I can know in autumn "," Thirty -nine years old, when the age of the year is oblique "," Suddenly the season is shocked, forty is now owed for a year ", ... … Su Gong Su is happy, so it also effectively works, such as "Dragon Bell Thirty -Nine, Laosheng is half a strong, and when the age of Twilight is oblique, he still sighs for the past." And "do you know the head of forty, you can't be foolish," "I am forty -two today, and I am dissatisfied with the dissatisfaction." (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, pp. 893-895)

Life is only a century, thirty -three years old, and one -third of the century. Even if he is counted as "juvenile", Zhang Liang, who is 40 years old or at least thirty -four years old, cannot be "juvenile". In fact, did Bai Juyi's poems quoted by Hong Mai also regarded "more than thirty -two" as "middle -aged"? And the "San Ji Yu", that is, thirty -six, —— a period of twelve years -is it "non -old and non -young"? Su Shi's poem, at the age of 39, sighed "when the age of the year was oblique". These poems quoted from Hong Mai are not difficult to see the age of life. In Su Shi's meaning, if he realizes Zhang Liang when he is picking up for the elderly, he is more than 34 years old, and it is likely to be four. At the age of ten, he expected that he would not write the phrase "so deeply his teenager's righteousness". In particular, Su Shi, who made a big discussion in Jiayou in the six years of Jiayou (1061), was discussed. It is more suitable for Su Shi, but Su Shi is more suitable, but if you want to come to Su Shi himself, you must disagree. His poem at the age of twenty -seven has repeatedly said that he has not been old, as Jiayou's seven years (1062) wrote: "Next year, people should be old, and yesterday they chased their pleasures." Nine, do not pre -meet, travel alone in the Monki Pavilion, there are Huaizi ")); One of the first); "Everything is paid for a glass of wine, and the frost in the past years" ("I heard that Yishangzi did not go to Shangzhou" third). In the second year of Xining (1069), Su Shi was also 34 years old. In his poems, he even said "Everywhere is declining, and the name of the criminal" (one of the second rhymes from the beginning to Chenzhou) It's right. Therefore, if Su Shi knew that Zhang Liang was much larger than his composition at this time, he would not write so. He just made an unsatisfactory mistake, and he took it for granted.

two

Maybe some people want to say that the old man in the "Historical Records" has a "sister -in -law, taking down the performance", "Xunzi can teach", "13 -year -old sister -in -law to see me Jibei", so "Leave Hou" In the middle,: "Therefore, the pride is fresh and deep, and he can tolerate it, and then he can do great things, so he said that" Xunzi can teach and "." Su Shi is also well -founded, not wrong. In fact, Su Shi has this error, just in the word "sister". He reads "The Family of the Hou Hou", which must be the "sister -in -law" who thinks "Xunzi can teach", which refers to children. According to the "Xunzi" as a child, it is a righteousness. The song said: 'Canglang's water is clear, and I can stab me. This is also what Su Shi has been familiar with since childhood. However, if you only do children, Zhang Liang cannot be called an adult. The ancients used the "sister -in -law", and it was also righteous. Qian Daxin's "Ten Drives" Volume 2 "Xunzi" Way Cloud: Today, people use the puppets as childishness, and Gai Ben is in "Mencius". After the passage of the classics, the eldest man below the emperor was called the sister. "Golden", "Luo Yan", and "Political Political", are Zhou Chengwang. In "Jin Yu", Kick, the ancestors, and Du Yuan said that Shen Sheng was a sister -in -law, and Rick was also known as Qi Qi. When Jin Xiangong's funeral, Qin Mugong made people hanging his son, known as the sister -in -law, and the criminal also called it. The mourning of the sister -in -law, the sorrowful desire set up, and also treated it with the son of the world. Qi Hou Tu has established it as a king, and Chen Qi Bao Mu is called a sister -in -law, and his death is also known as Anzi, but the sister -in -law is not the nourishment. Luan Ying is Jin Qing, and Wu Wu is called Luan Xunzi. "Zuo Zhuan" said that Mengzhuangzi said the sister -in -law, Wu Bo said the sister -in -law leaked. Although Zhuangzi's son is not allowed to stand, it is still called the sister -in -law, and the sister -in -law is expensive than the sister -in -law. The minister of Qi Ziwei called Zi Liang said ‘Xunzi Changyu’, Han Xuanzi said that Zheng Ziyi said ‘Xunzi Shan 哉’, all of which were all Shi Qing and the people also established. "Inner Ceremony": ‘Different sister -in -law is in the palace. ‘It is also known as the noble. Only "Tan Gong" contains Zi and Zi You Li, and seeing the mood of the sister -in -law. And "Zuo Zhuan" Ji Xunzi's wife said Nan Xunzi, and thought the woman was called. (Shanghai Bookstore, pp. 25-26; "Qin Mu Gong Hanging" sentence, the original mistake was "Qin Mugong, the son is hung, the son is called a sister-in-law", this is changed)

Qian Daxin's discrimination is very fragile and the invention is also true, but in ordinary readers, you must add some notes to read it clearly. For example, the phrase "Golden" and "Luo Yan", Phoenix Publishing House's "The Complete Works of Jiading Qian Daxin" on the seventh volume 69 pages, which are marked with "" Golden Loving Luo "'" The Government of Government " "It is wrong. This shows that although it is an expert, there are also unspeakable places. In general, Qian Daxin said in this section to think that the word "sister -in -law" is in addition to the children, and in the passage of ancient books, you can also refer to the young or uninvited Jun Jun and the woman of your family. Refers to the young Jun Jun, such as "Shang Shu Jin Yan": "The king of Wu is both funeral, and the uncle Guan and his group are stared in the country, saying:" The male will not be conducive to the sister -in -law. Wang Ye "(see" Shangshu Justice "p. 598, ancient book). In "Luo Yan" and "Li Guan", there are also "sister -in -law", which refers to the same (can refer to the "Shangshu School Interpretation Theory", the 3rd volume 1236, 1475 pages, and the fourth volume 1687). Refers to the young Jun Jun, then the ears are called the sister -in -law. This is found in "Mandarin · Jin Language II" and "Book of Rites and Tan Gong". According to the "Historical Records of the Jinshi Family" and "Twelve Princes of the Princes", Jin Xiangong was 21 years old, killing the prince Shen Sheng, and the following year, he wanted to kill heavy ears and died of heavy ears. The funeral of Xian Gong was twenty -four years (before 651). This is an ancient example, called "Xunzi". Nonetheless, no matter what the meaning of Qian's, Zhang Liang, the old man who is the old man.

"Chinese Dictionary" Book 4 Page 252 "Grasson" bar again:

Judak, vertical child, contempt and contempt. "Historical Records of Fan Ye Cai Zelie Biography": "I stay in Zhang Jun, is there a guest in the Xiangjun?"

According to "Su Yin", Liu Bozhuang refers to the Tang scholar Liu Bozhuang, and its solution is not. "Big Dictionary" is even more insufficient. Fan Ye's renamed surname was Zhang Lu. He went to Qin Kingdom as a phase and acknowledged Hou. For five years in the front and back, it was a matter of Qin and the gifted robe. In the case, Fan Ye is no matter how young, and it must be outside the thirty. Generally speaking, it is more likely that it should be in four or fifty. Using such an old man, and calling it "sister -in -law", the "sister -in -law" was called in society at that time. There was no contempt. Otherwise, there is both an revenge and adding this humiliation, and Fan Ye can't let him go. Fan Yan said: "The reason why the public has no deceased is loved by the robe, the meaning of the old people." The "meaning of the old man" is greatly discounted, and it is not worth much. With Fan Yan's person, it is not so done, but it is conceivable. There is another place in "Historical Records", which also involves the "sister -in -law", which can be evidenced by the side; "Chen Xiangxiang Family" cloud:

(Chen Ping) I was poor when I was young, good reading, ... and long -term, but marrying a wife, ... Ping also married Zhang's daughter, use Yirao, and the swords are wide. Lizhong Society, Ping is slaughtered, and the meat is divided into meat. The old father said: "Good, Chen Xunzi is slaughtered!" Ping said: "Well, make Ping get the world, and it is also meaty!" To marry, for the sake of meat, the father is always called "good", and it is also called "sister -in -law". This shows that it is not "contempt" or "contempt". This is just like Xujia's calling Fan Ye, which is a kind of traffic at that time. It can be an adult man who is a junior for the elderly. Zhang Liang of the old man is also used as a solution. The meaning of the "Chinese Dictionary" needs to be revised urgently. So there is this title, guessing, or because of the "sister -in -law" of Junjun. In ancient times, many titles were all from top to bottom and used them. The average person was happy here, as if women's "combination of Kyoto", which also made these names often lose its original meaning. The word "Xunzi" is one of them. The drifting mother in "Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou", the rumbling Han Xin as "Wang Sun", is another example. "Wang Sun" is known, so the people at that time were mostly known as "Wang Sun". The famous Yang Wangsun and so on are all. The name "Xunzi" is also common in history. The most famous is the Xu Xunzi of the "lower Chen Fan's couch". As far as this is concerned, the "sister -in -law" is a good name, which can be undoubted.

three

Attach it. "Taiping Guang Ji" Volume Six quoted Du Guangting's "Xian Zhuan Picking" rewrite Zhang Liang: "Zhang Zifang, Mingliang, Koreans also. Avoiding the land in Nanyang, moving in Pei, and then the Pei people. The bridge, the snowfall is very good. When I encounter an old man, we wrapped the black towels and yellow single clothes, and fell under the bridge. As a result, the old man quotes enough to accept it. The gods of the house are more respectful, and the laughter said: 'The sister -in -law can teach. "It took a few words to teach, but when he was lost, he forgot that when Zhang Liangtong was young, South Korea had not died. With Zhang Liang's family history, why did he migrate in the Chu country? In the end, Du Guangting is still puzzled by the "sister -in -law". Not only can he call a boy, but also an adult. The fault he made is similar to Su Shi.

It is said that after reading the "Han Shu" seven times, Xie Bozan, in "The History of the Qin and Han dynasties", narrated Xiang Yu's death cloud: "Xiang Wang walked to the shore of Wujiang, the pavilion of Wujiang, the boat was waiting, and persuaded Wang Dujiang River ...... So this young hero who has a "snoring, all thousands of people" uses the sword with the blood of the enemy to die. "(Peking University Press, p. 115) "Junior hero" can represent the meaning of "Xiang Yu's admiration", but modern readers read must be suspicious. Xiang Yu's age was determined by the previous person. He was thirty -first in the year, and it is true (see "Historical Collection Solution": "Xu Guang said: in the fifth year of the Han Dynasty. In fifteen years, he was born in the year, 31 years when he died. "), And Yu Ji is on the side, how can you be called a" juvenile "? I do n’t remember which book, saying that Li Xiaozheng hated vernacular. If the student composition uses “youth”, he will be changed to “youth” and approved: The word “youth” does not see the classics, so it is changed. "The History of the Qin and Han dynasties is not written by ancient texts. You can't help this as an example. If you do not write the word" youth ", you cannot compare the Bai Juyi that Su Shi raised. It can be said that thirty or" youth ".

---

Author: Wang Peijun

Edit: Wu Dongkun

Editor in charge: Shu Ming

---

- END -