"Cover Story" new infrastructure to speed up

China Well -off Network Exclusive Specialty

Text | "Well -off" · China Well -off reporter Liu Yanhua

With the continuous advancement of new infrastructure construction, new scenes, new models, and new formats have emerged endlessly, and have become new variables to promote the transformation and development of my country's economic and social.

Photo Source/HELLORF

In the summer season, the hotness and vitality brought by the new infrastructure are being released.

In Ningxia, the second phase of China Mobile Ningxia Zhongwei Data Center is under construction. It is reported that there are more than 12,000 new racks in the project, and in the future, the transmission of Ningxia and the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei area will be delayed by 8 milliseconds.

In Shaanxi, BYD New Energy Vehicle Parts increased production and expansion projects with a investment amount of 15 billion yuan are being built. The project will help BYD's annual output of new energy vehicles in Xi'an, from 300,000 to 600,000.

In Jiangsu, in order to accelerate intelligence and digital transformation, Quanfeng Technology Co., Ltd.'s 150,000 square meters of electric tools intelligent chemical plants are stealing construction.

New infrastructure contains new opportunities. Since the beginning of this year, the downward pressure on the economy has continued to increase. From the central to the local area, the new infrastructure has been moderate to a new height, setting off a new round of investment construction boom. According to Meng Wei, a spokesman for the National Development and Reform Commission, from the perspective of the reserve project, in the second half of the year, local and backbone enterprises will continue to increase investment, and a number of major new infrastructure projects will start construction.

The optimal solution in multiple goals

The new infrastructure, the abbreviation of new infrastructure construction, has given new connotations for the first time since the 2018 Central Economic Work Conference, and has gradually entered people's perspectives. From the 2019 government work report, "Strengthening the Construction of New Generation Information Infrastructure" into them, by 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission clarified the scope of the new infrastructure for the first time, and the recent local application for the third batch of local government bond projects in 2022. Become the core direction of the project application for projects and the transformation and layout of various industries.

At present, a major background of the new infrastructure investment construction is the continuous increase in economic downlink pressure, and steady growth is placed in a more prominent position.

Since the beginning of this year, due to the more complicated and severe international environment, and the impact of the domestic new crown epidemic, the complexity, severeness, and uncertainty of my country's economic development environment have increased, especially since March and April, employment and industry have been employed and industrial since March and April. Indexes such as production and electricity consumption are significantly lower, and the steady growth is related to the country and the people's livelihood, and it is urgent. The steady growth must not only pursue the stability of short -term data, but also take into account the medium- and long -term goals of economic transformation and upgrading and moving towards high -quality development.

How to steadily grow into an important proposition.

As one of the "three -driving carriages" of economic growth, investment has always been a weapon for my country's economic growth. The most important part is infrastructure construction investment. However, with the continuous evolution and upgrading of the social production and life model, the original infrastructure is difficult to meet the needs, and a new generation of infrastructure needs to be built.

Unlike old infrastructure represented by "iron public base", new infrastructure mainly involves key areas such as 5G, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, blockchain, smart transportation, and smart energy. Under the background of the global popularity and the fourth industrial revolution in the world and the increase in the downward pressure of my country's economic downlink, moderate advanced and orderly promotion of the new foundation into a dual task to take into account the dual tasks of steady growth and promote innovation, take into account both efficiency and fairness and fairness. untie.

As a result, the policy of spring breeze is constantly coming. After the Central Economic Work Conference at the end of last year, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed "Moderate Investment in Infrastructure", the eleventh meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Committee held on April 26, 2022 emphasized again to build a modern infrastructure system; The Central Political Bureau meeting clearly stated that it is necessary to fully expand domestic demand, play a key role in effective investment, strengthen the protection of land, energy, environmental assessment, and comprehensively strengthen infrastructure construction.

In May, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Urbanization Construction of County Town as an important carrier", which clearly put forward the construction of new infrastructure and the development of smart counties. Promote the large -scale deployment of the fifth -generation mobile communication network and build a high -speed fiber broadband network. Promote the operation of the county town to operate a web management, promote the application and intelligent transformation of the Internet of Things such as municipal public facilities and buildings, and deploy perceptual terminals such as smart meters and smart water meters. Promote the ex -Netcom office of government services to provide convenience for business, taxation, certification certificates, and administrative licenses. Promote the enjoyment of public services, and promote digitalization of schools, hospitals, libraries and other resources.

Then, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the Strategy of Cultural Digitalization of the National Cultural", emphasizing the consolidation of cultural digital infrastructure, relying on existing cable TV network facilities, radio and television 5G networks and interconnection platforms to form a country Cultural website.

Immediately after, the two major meetings of the National Conference on May 23 and May 25th, the National Celebration of the Economic Volumes, proposed that the basic foundation of 9 major areas such as transportation infrastructure, energy, and affordable housing projects determined in the early stage In the field, properly expand the support areas of special bonds, and give priority to incorporating new infrastructure and new energy projects into the scope of support.

Relevant ministries and commissions have launched their actions. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has recently stated clearly that it is necessary to comprehensively strengthen the construction of new types of information infrastructure, promote the in -depth coverage of 5G networks, implement the 5G application "sailing" action plan, accelerate the large -scale application of emerging technologies such as 5G, and continue to expand industrial open cooperation. The National Development and Reform Commission also stated that it will actively promote the investment projects such as real estate investment trust funds (REITs) and other major investment projects in the banking financial institutions and infrastructure fields, and give full play to the role of emerging industry entrepreneurial investment guidance funds to facilitate financing in related fields of SMEs. Further stimulate the enthusiasm of social capital investment; the People's Bank of China proposes that it will support the development of financial instruments for the development of banks and agricultural development banks, with a total scale of 300 billion yuan. 50%of all capital, or bridge for the capital of special debt projects. A two -way walk in the central and local governments

The new infrastructure accelerates, this is a two -way head in the central and local governments.

According to the "Xiaokang" magazine and reporters of China Xiaokang.com, during this year's local two sessions, 31 provinces and regions and municipalities across the country clarified the new infrastructure "construction map" in the government work report. Clear "accelerate". Observe carefully, the focus is slightly different. Shandong proposed that the implementation of 5G and fixed network "dual Gigabit" projects, accumulated and opened 160,000 5G base stations; carried out data centers to quality increasing production, accelerated the construction of a state -level Internet backbone direct connection point, and promoted the settlement of the International Communications Import and Exit Bureau. Shandong. Guizhou Province bluntly stated that in 2022, the construction of new infrastructure in a moderate advancement layout, accelerate the construction of the hub node node node of the national integrated computing power network, promote the pilot of "East Digital West Calculation", accelerate the construction of data centers such as JD.com, Southern Power Grid, and build 5G 5G There are 25,000 base stations. The goal of Hunan is to strive to achieve the end of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" to achieve the national leader and data and computing facilities in the country. Yunnan Province has clearly accelerated the layout of new infrastructure, constructed China for the digital hub for South Asia and Southeast Asia, and enhances the service capabilities and IoT access capabilities of the Kunming International Communications Import and Exit Bureau. , Promote 5G fusion innovation applications. The plan of Anhui Province is to implement the "New Infrastructure+" operation, create a national Internet backbone straight connection point, the national integrated computing power online national hub node cluster, and create more than 25,000 new 5G base stations. Shanghai proposed that a number of new infrastructure such as the three -year action plan for the construction of a new type of infrastructure was fully completed, the 5G network was promoted to build a large -scale open computing power platform.

The direction has been clear, and the actions in various places have accelerated significantly. Especially since May, a number of major projects including new infrastructure have been concentrated in many places. On May 11th, 919 major industrial projects in Yunnan Province started construction, with a total investment of 304.3 billion yuan, including 31 digital economic projects; on May 20, 360 major projects in Guizhou Province started with a total investment of 205.869 billion yuan, involving involving involves involving A number of scientific and technological innovation and new infrastructure projects; on May 26, Langfang City, Hebei started a batch of major projects, including two digital infrastructure and application projects, with a total investment of 2.7 billion yuan. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as of the end of June this year, the Industrial Internet Application has covered 45 categories of national economy, and the high -quality external network of the Industrial Internet has covered more than 300 cities across the country.

From the perspective of specific fields, the new infrastructure follows the four key areas of innovation -driven, coordinated sharing, and green and low -carbon. It is facing four key areas of computing power network infrastructure, energy power infrastructure, communication network infrastructure, and transportation and logistics infrastructure.

As the first original technical concept proposed by my country, computing power network refers to relying on high -speed, mobile, secure, and pan -connecting, integrate multi -level computing resources such as clouds, edges, and ends to provide data perception, transmission, and storage The digital information infrastructure of integrated services such as computing, promoting the computing power to become a social -level service like water and electricity "a little access, that is, use immediately". At present, my country's data center has reached 5 million standard racks, and its computing power has reached 1.3 trillion floating -point operations per second. At the same time, computing power demand is still growing rapidly at a rate of more than 20%each year. To this end, in February 2022, the national integrated big data center system completed the overall layout design, and the "East Digital West Calculation" project was officially launched. , Guizhou, Gansu, and Ningxia started to build a national computing power hub node in 8 places, and planned 10 national data centers clusters.

Green and low -carbon is a must -have for high -quality development. "Digital new infrastructure" is reinstalizing the value creation system of the new power system. Energy storage energy storage, high -voltage, and smart grids ushered in rapid development. It is reported that during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, the State Grid plans to invest 350 billion U.S. dollars, about 2.23 trillion yuan to promote the transformation and upgrading of the power grid; New energy is the construction of new power systems. This means that the national power grid and Southern Power Grid "14th Five -Year Plan" Planning investment will exceed 2.9 trillion yuan.

The communication network infrastructure represented by 5G has always been the top priority of new infrastructure investment in various places. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as of the end of April this year, my country has built the largest 5G network in the world, with a total of 16.15 million 5G base stations, accounting for more than 60%of the global 5G base stations. In addition, the pace of investment construction is still accelerating. The annual goal of 2022 is 600,000 new 5G base stations. Revitalize development, transportation first. As we all know, the new infrastructure is related to smart transportation including 5G, artificial intelligence, and new energy vehicles. From the perspective of new infrastructure policies and construction projects released in various places, transportation and logistics infrastructure is also a major investment focus. Under the traction of national policy, Beijing, Shanghai, Wuxi, Changzhou, Chongqing, Changsha, Wuhan, Hainan, Hainan have emerged nationwide For a large number of demonstration areas, the business application demonstration of smart transportation vehicles is actively carried out. In addition, a total of 40 40 smart transportation vehicle network business application zones approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Transport have also landed across the country.

The change has begun

Some experts estimated that the indirect driving effect of the new infrastructure was at least 5 times the direct investment, so it was called "one industry with hundreds of industries." In fact, changes have begun. With the continuous advancement of new infrastructure, new scenarios, new models, and new formats have emerged, and it has become a new variable that promotes the transformation and development of economic and social.

The most eastern high -speed rail of my country ’s Moriya high -speed rail has been officially opened at the end of last year, with a total length of 371 kilometers. It arrived in Jiamusi 2 hours and 10 minutes from Mudanjiang. While enjoying the speed of the high -speed rail, passengers can also enjoy the "high -speed rail with 4G/5G" "high support meal", brush Douyin, watch news, open live broadcast, the signal is stable and smooth, the drive is interesting and does not delay work.

In Guangdong, the first China Chaoshan International Textile and Clothing Expo was successfully held from May 28th to 30th. Through the "5G+VR" camera, people got rid of time and space restrictions. Exhibits, text, voice, videos and other methods have deeply learned about the full -chain scene of the Chaoshan textile and clothing industry.

In the Xiong'an New District, the underlying operating system of the first urban -level blockchain in the country has been developed recently. The "digital base" of Xiong'an Digital Twin City Construction has been consolidated. Unmanned retail vehicles, sponge green space, smart street lights, ecological parking lots … These technological sense elements are driving the "wonderful" vision of "wonderful" life.

In Shanxi, Li Yulong has a new occupation -data labelist. Although he has never seen autonomous cars, he is doing a closely related work -constantly turning the point cloud map on the computer screen, and on the data on the tip of the needle Points are marked. Blue is a pavement, green is green, red is the roadside, and white is an obstacle. By labeling the characteristics of the original data can be recognized by the machine, it helps artificial intelligence to become more "smart".

Native

The digital economy is an important engine of China's economic development in the new era. The construction of a new infrastructure system that can match it is essential. According to the latest report released by the international agency Gaodener, "Digital Economy" accounted for 40%in my country's economy in 2021. In addition to the traditional digital economy fields such as the Internet, the digital transformation of Chinese companies in the fields of finance, retail, and high -end manufacturing is The overall maturity is constantly increasing. From a global perspective, industries such as new energy, high -end manufacturing, automotive industry chain, and high -tech industry chain are industries that have "leading advantages" in digital transformation in digital transformation.

Steady growth and promoting development, new infrastructure has been highly hoped. Guo Chao, a researcher at the Institute of Industrial and Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and director of the Industrial Organization Research Office, pointed out that the new infrastructure has a certain multiplication effect and has a leading role in economic growth. "tolerance". Yang Yuanqing, chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, also said that the new infrastructure has a huge investment demand and holding an upgraded corporate market. Regardless of the short -term prevention and control epidemic, stable growth, or long -term empowerment of smart economy and promoting industrial changes, it will play a huge role.

However, there are opportunities and challenges.

Financing is a big problem. In April 2020, the Executive Meeting of the State Council clearly made "adherence to market investment, supporting multiple subjects to participate in the construction, and encouraging financial institutions to innovate products to strengthen services" as the new infrastructure investment model, and advocated that social capital as the main force of new infrastructure projects. However, according to the analysis of Huang Shi, Yang Yaqing, and Zhang Wendi of China Mobile Communications Co., Ltd., traditional investment institutions have been restricted, social capital confidence is insufficient, and new infrastructure investment faces a large capital gap.

In this regard, their further explanation is that on the one hand, the restrictions on government debt issues and investment methods have made investment in new infrastructure facing great pressure. According to the data of the Ministry of Finance, from January to November 2021, the national general public budget revenue was 19125.2 billion yuan, the expenditure was 2139.24 billion yuan, the national government fund budget revenue was 76.614 billion yuan, the expenditure was 90.998 billion yuan, and the total net expenditure was 3.75 trillion yuan. At the same time, the state's supervision of the government's hidden debt and non -standard financing will increase, and it will also restrict the fundraising methods such as special bonds and increased deficit rates. In addition, the local government financing platform still has core issues such as insufficient platform market skills and low operating efficiency in the actual operation. It does not have the investment and financing of new infrastructure projects, and the hematopoietic function is weak. On the other hand, the unique attributes of new infrastructure projects are difficult to obtain credit support from traditional financial institutions. The new infrastructure industry is mostly light asset industry, using information technology patents as its core assets. Many related companies do not have the endorsement of local governments, state -owned assets, and fixed assets that can be used to set up pledged assets. In addition, there are more companies in the new infrastructure field. The operation model and production cycle have not yet matured, and it is difficult to obtain financing support in the traditional credit model. Safety is another big problem. Safety is the prerequisite for development, and development is the guarantee of security. Based on the in -depth integration of the infrastructure of the new generation of information technology and the level of society, the risk of network security will be extended from a relatively narrow digital space to every corner of the world. Once the network security incident occurs, it will directly affect public life, social stability and national security. Essence Du Qinghao, Wang Shi, Yang Ning and the Central Party School (National Academy of Administration), reminded that while the new infrastructure helps industries and economic development, it also faces new challenges brought by cyber security. In order to follow the correct principles and take reasonable measures, in order to effectively prevent the risk of new infrastructure network security and improve the level of new infrastructure network security protection. To this end, they put forward the three basic principles of strengthening the network security of new infrastructure, that is, adhere to security, controllable and open development, adhere to technical prevention and control and institutional prevention and control, and adhere to overall security and dynamic security.

("Well -off" · China Well -off Exclusive Draft)

This article was published in "Well -off" in late July 2022

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