"How many pounds of clouds?" The meteorological expert said that he used the "B -ultrasound" to test, and the teenager listened to the class widened

As soon as the Yangtze River Daily's Da Wuhan client news, as soon as it entered Futian, Yun became the protagonist of Wuhan's friends circle. But do you know? It looks like a cloud fluttering lightly, and it will be hundreds of thousands of pounds.

On July 31st, the third season of the third season of natural generals class planned by Academician Gui Jianfang's Natural Science Popularization Studio, invited Wan Rong, researcher and deputy director of the Wuhan Rain Research Institute of China Meteorological Administration, lectured. The tool has changed from an ordinary person's mobile phone to a radar for experts. The story is interpreted from a large scene to weather forecast such as rainstorm disaster warning.

"Train with full elephant" in the air

Wan Rong explains the component of Yun Yun and the knowledge of rainfall. Reporter Xu Wei Wei

Yun in Qingtianshui in the city, Wuhan, who has the "international wetland city" business card, has been a rich water resources, has been the hometown of white clouds and yellow cranes since ancient times. In the summer season, the steaming of water vapor intensified, and the sky in Wuhan performed the romance of "cloud water" every day.

Switch the perspective of the cloud from the circle of friends to the academic circle. A semi -dark, half -dark, erratic cloud, there may be hundreds of thousands of pounds. Wan Rong showed the cloud monitored by meteorological radar, which is different from the clouds seen by the naked eye. The clouds in the angle of the meteorological radar showed rich color marks such as red, blue, yellow, green purple. Each color represents different forms of precipitation particles. , "In addition to water vapor, there are complicated substances such as ice crystals, damp hail, electro -ions, etc."

Why don't such a heavy cloud fall easily? Wan Rong explained that this is the role of aerodynamic dynamics. The clouds float in the sky, seemingly normal, but there is an invisible, huge water vapor conversion, and upward energy conversion process behind it. She played an example, "On the top of our heads, every day like a weather system trains with countless elephants, when this train stays or passes through a certain area, it is not enough to bear the weight of the cloud group. The accumulated rain clouds will produce precipitation. "

There is a "equipment army" behind each weather forecast

Wan Rong introduces the production process of weather forecast. Reporter Xu Wei Wei

Why didn't the forecast rain below? Why did the sunny day change after a day? Regarding the accuracy of weather forecast, from time to time, it can always cause discussion. But this is such a weather forecast that still exists in uncertain factors. It is not easy to release, and the current science and technology and human limits are exhausted behind it. According to Wan Rong, the weather forecast has entered the era of numerical forecasting. She compared the work image of meteorological researchers as "doing B -ultrasound for nature", "like on the belly of nature, using various instruments and equipment for science for science for science Test and forecast. "

In land, meteorological researchers will set up rainfall, air -to -air balloon air, and meteorological radar nets; in the air, weather researchers sometimes need to take a plane, fly around the rain, and observe the situation of strong convection; in the universe, advanced ones, advanced ones Meteorological satellites play an important role in observing changes in the clouds. The atmospheric data obtained by this series of measures will be performed through huge artificial intelligence high -speed computers to generate a preliminary weather forecast. However, meteorological researchers are not superstitious about "big data", and they will still publish the weather forecast after manually ordering and artificial union dealers based on professional knowledge and past experience.

At present, weather forecast has been able to accurately reach the time range of 1 hour and within 3 kilometers, but the forecast is still not allowed to be accurate and the secondary. Wan Rong said: "The most fundamental way is to improve the ability of numerical forecasts, and researchers are constantly working hard. Everyone teases and teases, and the weather forecast is still reference significance, especially the forecast of some meteorological disasters. And preparation is always good. "

Rainstorm is like a venting port of the Earth's energy

The speaker Wan Rong. Reporter Xu Wei Wei

Rainstorm forecast is one of the most common forecasts and most commonly released content in weather forecast during the flood period, but it is the most complicated and difficult. Wan Rong deliberately emphasized the distinction of "showers" and "heavy rain": "Sometimes the showers are also anxious and fierce, but after a while, it cannot be maintained. In addition to the rich precipitation, it must be maintained. It is stipulated that in most areas, rainfall with a 24 -hour precipitation of 50mm or more is called 'heavy rain'. When the precipitation reaches 250mm, it is the "Extraordinary Rain Rain '."

The reason why early warning needs to be warned, because although heavy rain also has a positive effect on relieving drought and water storage power generation, precipitation reaches this level, which is often prone to disaster, such as urban waterlogging, trees, fences, etc. Disasters such as mudslides and landslides have caused the loss of property or even life -threatening. "To a certain extent, heavy rain is like a venting mouth of the earth's energy.

Available for questions. Reporter Xu Wei Wei

The teenagers who listened on the spot curiously asked, once the heavy rain weather comes, what should we do? Wan Rong emphasized that learning to understand the weather forecast is necessary, especially when you see the orange warning and red warning of heavy rain, you must try to avoid playing and fishing outdoors, let alone running and playing with water in the wild. The water port and a well cover, away from the exposed water pipes, gas pipes and other metal objects and electric equipment, stay away from the fence, river channels, and below the tree, under the billboard ... In short, everything is cautious and observed. In the interaction after the course, the teenagers also actively communicated with their thoughts with the experts: Mount Everest is so high, how can the cloud go up? Why don't water steam keep up all the time? Why are there more precipitation in summer than winter ... Wang Zixu from Wuhan Yucai Experimental Primary School also proposed the professional issue of "how to judge how much precipitation". Wan Rong explained that this must summarize the long -term precipitation in a region and take a average value. In 2022, the precipitation in Wuhan is too small. Taking this as an example, she also talked about the continuity and rigor of meteorological research, encouraged the young people at the scene to continue to maintain curiosity and exploration, learn mathematics, physics, computers and other disciplines. Essence

(Changjiang Daily reporter Huang Yating Cai Yanqiu intern Fu Yanzhi Correspondent Zhao Huijuan)

【Edit: Ding】

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