New power of photovoltaic, not easy to love you
Author:Zhuzhou Daily Time:2022.07.05
Zhuzhou Daily All Media Reporter/Cheng Jianlan Liu Fang Gao Xiaoyan
The new energy industry is just the wind.
When global energy development has entered a new stage, the energy transformation process with high efficiency, cleaning, and diversification is accelerated, and energy investment has shifted to green clean energy. The new energy industry is not only a strategic emerging industry supporting the development of the country, but also a low -carbon green industry with new advantages in the global "double carbon".
Anchor the "dual carbon" goal, make the "double carbon" field, and become the "double carbon" industry. Zhuzhou is in the industrial exploration that is being rolled out one after another. Industrial background.
To this end, this newspaper launched a series of reports that pay attention to these or explore experiences, or the effective Zhuzhou practice, in order to provide reference for more watches.
In the first phase, we will focus on Zhuzhou experience in the photovoltaic field. At present, photovoltaic power generation has become an important source of domestic electricity. The domestic photovoltaic installation machine continues to grow rapidly. Last year, the first super -centralized distribution of the distributed photovoltaic installation machine was accompanied by domestic electricity prices.
1. Explore first, enjoy first, photovoltaic power generation allows them to be affordable
Farmers: The roof test water photovoltaic project
Since 2015, State Grid Zhuzhou Power Supply Company has invested a total of more than 100 million yuan. In addition to the supply area of Zhuzhou, a total of 166 poor villages in poor villages have been transformed and upgraded. This move is for acceleration for photovoltaic rural areas.
"The transformer capacity can be carried out. I just need to buy a conversion device to pass the electricity." I lived in Wanshanxi, Yanling County, and invested 100,000 yuan to build a photovoltaic power station on the top of its new villa building.
The maintenance personnel are cleaning and maintenance of photovoltaic panels to ensure power generation. Interviewee confidence
In September last year, its photovoltaic power station was just the first anniversary of operation. He calculated that the annual electricity sales earnings reached 15,000 yuan, and the yield rate reached about 15%.
"Many people are too hot or too cold on the top floor. Basically vacant. The photovoltaic plate heat thermal insulation. Now the top floor of my house is also very comfortable, which is equivalent to making a house." He revealed that among his colleagues There are nearly 10 households installed at the top, and there are not a few of the neighbors who have installed photovoltaic in the neighbors, and the income is basically stable at about 10%to 15%.
Different from Wan Shanxi's investment, Luo Xiang Lake, who lives in Tianyuan District, built photovoltaic on the roof, which can be considered from its own use.
In 2017, Luo Xiang Lake and his father built new villas in the countryside of Leida Shi Town. In the urban area, he was used to warm the ground. The first consideration was the heating electricity cost of the villa. "It costs 200 yuan in the city in the city. The upper and lower floors of the villa, the area is even larger, and the energy consumption is too high. , Discover business opportunities. In 2019, Luo Xiang Lake decisively invested 10 million yuan to set up the earliest batch of photovoltaic power stations in Zhuzhou area design, construction, and grid -connected professional companies. The first business is its own roof photovoltaic project. The total installed capacity is 400 kilowatts, which can generate 400,000 kilowatt -hours per year, and the annual income is about 230,000 yuan.
Rural: "As long as there is a sun, my family can enter the money"
This sentence from Deng Xiaoying from poverty alleviation is the best portrayal of photovoltaic poverty alleviation.
In 2015, photovoltaic poverty alleviation, as one of the "Top Ten Precision Poverty Alleviation Projects" implemented by the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, was vigorously promoted across the country. Since 2016, the city has responded to the state's call to build 173 photovoltaic power plants in the construction of 166 administrative villages in the city, relying on photovoltaic clean energy to help poverty alleviation.
In June 2016, the first village group of Yanling County, Yanling County, successfully connected the grid -connected power generation. Deng Xiaoying, a villager who lost labor, relied on his own photovoltaic power station to usher in a stable income.
After the attempt was successful, Zhuzhou Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation Poverty Alleviation Station ushered in an explosive growth period.
In order to solve the income problem of some poor villages, our city has built three centralized photovoltaic power plants in Yanling Kowloon Industrial Park, Tofuhu Town, and Baiguan Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation Base in Lujing District. Since then, under the village collective funding, corporate construction management, poverty alleviation funds+policy guidance model, distributed photovoltaic projects have blossomed in our city.
In the Yanling Kowloon Photovoltaic Power Station (including Tianping Power Station), 32 village -level photovoltaic projects were accommodated. The total installed capacity reached 1968 kilowatts. In 2021, 1.7 million kilowatt -hours was generated, and the annual income of each village could reach 30,000 yuan. Last year, the state issued more than 100 million yuan, and the villages received subsidies ranging from 20,000 yuan.
Tigoring Town, Chaling County also enjoyed the continuous return from photovoltaic energy. Dong Shien, secretary of Chagan Village, introduced that in 2017, the village received a national industrial poverty alleviation fund, but there was no clue in the village. Due to the large area of the mountains, the land gap is large, the development of breeding projects is difficult, and the surrounding village collective exterior projects are bankrupt.
At that time, governments at all levels are vigorously promoting photovoltaic projects. As a result, the village used 640,000 yuan of industrial poverty alleviation funds to subscribe for 80 kWh of photovoltaic projects at the Tiger Power Power Station. Seeing that the photovoltaic project's income was stable and the income period was long. In 2020, the village invested 160,000 yuan and invested in Tiger Tiger Photovoltaic Power Power Co., Ltd. At present, Chagan Village can earn nearly 40,000 yuan from photovoltaic projects each year, which can last for 25 years.
Dong Shien said that with this fixed income, the village's garbage transfer and highway maintenance have all funds. The village has become beautiful, and the people's happiness index has also improved. Moreover, through the setting of public welfare positions, the money returned to the hands of poverty alleviation households, effectively consolidating the results of poverty alleviation from poverty alleviation households and edge households. Enterprise: Embrace "Sunshine" to achieve "freedom of power consumption"
There are also parks and enterprises.
In 2016, Zhuzhou Hi -Tech Group Co., Ltd. deployed a new energy field and invested in the establishment of Hunan Hi -Key Park Innovation Energy Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as High -Key Energy), which is positioned as a park comprehensive energy service provider to build a low -carbon power grid in the park.
The roof distributed photovoltaic projects undertaken by Luo Xiang Lake
In 2017, the first distributed photovoltaic power plant in High -Key Energy was invested and completed at the Power Valley Exhibition Center.
The reporter saw at the scene that on the roof of 3,000 square meters, it was covered by a neatly row of solar photovoltaic boards. Through them, the sun can be fully absorbed, and then transformed into a current into the power grid in real time.
"This 313 kilowatt photovoltaic power station can generate 280,000 kilowatt -hours a year, which can meet the 20%of the annual electricity consumption of the building group." Zhou Zhou, general manager of High -Key Energy, said.
Since then, in the way of investment and construction and energy use of the park, high -department energy has begun to provide photovoltaic energy for enterprises in the park. "For units and enterprises with roofs, zero investment can enjoy the power brought by clean energy, and also enjoy preferential electricity prices and reduce energy costs." Zhou Zhou said.
In 2018, High -Key Energy built a 2400 -kW distributed photovoltaic power generation at the roof of the new material plant. Zhou Zhou introduced: "So far, this is the largest photovoltaic power station in urban construction. It can generate 2.2 million kilowatt -hours a year, which can meet the 10%of the annual electricity consumption of the enterprise. The gap problem. "
"There is also an advantage to build a distributed photovoltaic power station on the roof." Song Yan, the energy director of the new material wind power product division in Times, added that this is equivalent to setting up a temperature layer on the roof to absorb the temperature and use the actual usage. Looking at, the indoor temperature can be reduced by 1 ° C to 2 ° C, thereby reducing the energy consumption of air conditioners.
And more importantly, it ensures the sustainability of enterprise energy.
In recent years, due to the tight power supply, electricity restrictions have occurred in various parts of the country, which has an impact on the operation and order delivery of enterprises. After the Times New Materials connected to the 2400 kilowatt -pupple photovoltaic power station invested by High Science and Technology Energy, spontaneously used itself, and the company's production was unlimited last year.
Hunan Shixin New Materials Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shixin New Materials), located in Tianyuan District, is an enterprise that develops high -performance ceramic base composite materials. It has been widely used in the fields of new energy, national defense military industry, and is an indispensable part of many high -tech products.
"The company's equipment operation requires 24 hours a day a day. Once the power outage causes the equipment to be shut down, it will cause nearly 3 million yuan in losses." Jiang Ya Na, the procurement director of Shixin New Materials, said that last year, high -department energy investment was nearly 3 million yuan. After a 700 -kilowatt photovoltaic power station is built on the roof of the Xinmu material factory and office building, it can probably ensure that 500 kWh of electricity is generated per day for enterprises.
While creating the "Sunshine Bonus", these "gold roofs" also brought considerable ecological benefits.
At present, High -Key Energy has invested in 6 roof distributed photovoltaic power generation projects in Zhuzhou High -tech Zone. It can provide 5 million kilowatt -kilowatt -hour green clean energy sources for enterprises in the park each year. Compared with traditional thermal power generation, the standard coal is reduced by 614.5 tons each year. Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1597 tons.
2. Puzzle investment return, photovoltaic power generation benefits?
The price of photovoltaic components rises the boat
According to the income of Luo Xiang Lake's own roof photovoltaic project, rural distributed photovoltaic projects are indeed favorable. However, as the popularity of photovoltaic investment continues to rise and the price of upstream raw materials is high, the price of photovoltaic components is also rising.
According to Luo Xianghu, when he first joined the industry in 2019, the comprehensive investment cost of the photovoltaic project of 1 kilowatt machine was around 3,200 yuan. In just a few years, it had risen to more than 4,000 yuan, of which the prices were mainly increased by components.
According to the current cost, 100 kilowatt photovoltaic projects are installed in rural areas. The cost is more than 400,000 yuan, the annual income is about 45,000 yuan, and the return rate is 11%. "State subsidies have been canceled, prices have risen, and the rural self -investment project can be returned for about 6 years. Now 10 years can not return the book. From the perspective of investment, although the return rate is still considerable, there are not many villagers who are willing to enter the game." Luo Xiang Lake Lake Luo Xiang Lake It is found that in recent years, fewer and fewer rural projects have been stopped.
Enterprise saving electricity saves electricity costs is not obvious
In contrast, if the enterprise is calculated, the benefits are not optimistic.
Times New Materials has an annual electricity consumption of 14 million kilowatt -hours. After accessing the largest photovoltaic power generation project in the urban area, it is full of hair per year. It can use 2.2 million kilowatts of time. Based on the average market electricity price and discounts, the company's electricity cost saved a year is only about 140,000 yuan. Shinxin's new material has a total of less than 50,000 yuan in electricity costs in one year.
For investment builders, they also face problems such as high investment and slow recovery.
"According to estimates, the annualized return rate of a project is about 7%, and it usually takes nearly 10 years to return to the book." Zhou Zhou admits that there are also small companies in the park who want to use photovoltaic power generation. Considering investment in investment, considering investment in investment. The issue of reward is considered from the perspective of the profitability of the project construction party and does not meet the investment standards. Construction of applicable problems to be solved
Although photovoltaic power generation has a lot of advantages, due to factors such as factory bearing and design, not each factory roof is suitable for photovoltaic projects.
Zhou Zhou said that some factory buildings or office rooms in the park, because the roof wall is high or the roof is not smooth. To build a photovoltaic project, a higher tower requires a higher tower. Essence
One photovoltaic project investor stated that the relevant national regulations are currently required that all new plant buildings must be increased by 0.15 thousand cows/square meters of photovoltaic installation loads. Therefore, the newly -built plant has met the requirements of photovoltaic installation construction, but the construction of the old standards was previously constructed according to the old standards. In terms of load -bearing design, the factory building, due to the lack of the needs of photovoltaic projects, the roof reinforcement design is required, and the transformation cost is high.
However, with the iterative upgrade of the product, photovoltaic components have continuously transformed lightly. A 2.55 -square -meter component can weigh 27 kg in the past, and now the light model is only about 5 kg. The application of the roof is greatly enhanced.
New energy consumption is still difficult
On June 13 this year, Rydeier Smart Equipment Co., Ltd. was grid -to -power generation by grid -to -ier photovoltaic projects of 1100 kilowatts. It is expected that the annual power generation can reach 1.1 million kilowatt -hours. According to Yin Hu, the person in charge of its photovoltaic project, according to the company's production capacity, it is expected to use about 750,000 kilowatt -hours per year. If it is completely disappeared, there are 250,000 kWh can be merged into the grid.
However, the actual situation is that due to the peak period of power generation, the company's ability to consume limited power, the excess electricity volume will be sold to the power grid company at a electricity price of 0.45 yuan/kWh. When the enterprise uses the peak of electricity, the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power station is not enough, and the enterprise I have to purchase electricity at the normal electricity price from the State Grid. Yinhu estimates that the company's actual use of photovoltaic power accounts for only 60%of the total photovoltaic power generation.
If it is necessary to completely eliminate self -power generation, enterprises need to invest and build energy storage equipment. However, according to the existing market, the construction of energy storage equipment is too large, and the company has not yet been included in the plan.
In May of this year, the city dispatched the development and construction plan of the city's wind power and centralized photovoltaic power generation projects during the "14th Five -Year Plan" period. According to the materials provided by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, although the city is located in the core area of Changzhutan and is the Electric Power Load Center in Hunan Province, according to the provincial and municipal power grid departments, the city's south of the city (Youxian County, Chaling, Yanling) is eliminated. There are certain problems, and the development capacity will be greatly limited. Among them, the installed scale of the landscape development project of Youxian, Chaling County, and Yanling County reached 1.24 million kilowatts (420,000 kilowatts of wind power, 820,000 kW), far exceeding the above -mentioned three counties' local electricity level and "14th Five -Year Plan" network frame. Actual ability.
3. Trend embrace the future, photovoltaic is still required for development
The demand for photovoltaic projects has increased rapidly
Under the dual effects of national policy guidance and technological innovation, the photovoltaic industry still maintains a rapid growth trend and has become a hot spot for capital and enterprises to chase.
The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission revealed that since last year, whether it is investors or industrial and commercial owners, the number of people consulting photovoltaic power generation policies has increased significantly.
In accordance with the requirements of the "Fourteenth Five -Year" landscape power generation project construction plan in our province, by 2025, the province's wind power and photovoltaic power generation installations will reach 25 million kilowatts. The city's photovoltaic project has been included in the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" landscape investigation and planning project library in Hunan Province. After a comprehensive arrangement of the city's scenery projects, comprehensive assessment from multiple dimensions such as resource endowment, development conditions, power grid consumption and access, etc., in accordance with the principle of "reporting the report", our city has determined that 11 photovoltaic projects planned projects planned projects have 11 photovoltaic projects. 1. Installation is 1.17 million kilowatts.
Due to the increase in corporate operating costs, coupled with the impact of staged electricity deficiency, industrial and commercial enterprises' willingness to build roof distributed photovoltaic photovoltaic is significantly increased. In the distributed photovoltaic "spontaneous self -use, residual power access" mode, enterprises can enjoy the electricity price discounts generated by the power generated by the distributed photovoltaic photovoltaic photovoltaic photovoltaic photovoltaic, which helps reduce the operating cost of the enterprise and improve the stability of electricity.
Data from State Grid Zhuzhou Power Supply Company shows that since 2019, the cumulative number of network users and grid capacity in the city has continued to grow each year. Taking 2021 as an example, a total of 726 households have been completed throughout the year. 23070 kilowatts.
As of June, the city's photovoltaic power generation reporters have applied for a total of 333 households, with an application capacity of 28590 kilowatts; a total of 322 households have been completed, and the network capacity is 21,330 kilowatts, which is significantly close to the grid capacity of last year. The capacity is 7260 kilowatts.
Among the photovoltaic installation users this year, the proportion of natural people and industrial and commercial enterprises is 9: 1, while the ratio of power generation capacity has reached 1: 2, showing the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of industrial and commercial enterprises to build photovoltaic projects.
Due to the volatility, randomness, and intermittentity of photovoltaic power generation, the increasing photovoltaic projects also have a certain adverse effect on the safe and stable operation of the power system. In order to ensure the stable operation of the power grid, the city is currently drafting relevant photovoltaic construction guidance specification documents to guide the standardization and development of photovoltaic resources in our city.
Investment enthusiasm is still increasing
In order to seize the photovoltaic resources, many photovoltaic sales companies and investors have launched a series of products. Enterprises can invest in their own investment, and can also adopt financial leasing or third -party investment to reduce the problem of large initial investment in the enterprise. "If the cost of comprehensive construction can fall to 3,000 yuan/kW, the return on investment will be increased to about 15%, and the rural market will still have huge potential." Luo Xianghu said, and now, the higher -efficiency industrial and commercial roof project is his main direction of his main offensive direction. Essence
Luo Xiang Lake shared with us a project that he agent: a typical high -energy consumption company in Guangdong -a stainless steel factory, the unit's electricity price is 2.3 yuan/kWh. Last year, the plant invested 6.3 million yuan to build a 1500 -kilowatt photovoltaic project, with an annual power generation of 1.8 million kilowatt -hours. According to this, the company can return to the book a year and a half.
Driven by high -volume price, long -term returns and fiery markets, many industrial and commercial industries have tried water. According to statistics from the Municipal Development and Reform Commission in the second quarter, this year, there were 47 projects in the annual construction of distributed photovoltaic in our city.
Inside people said that at present, the global demand for photovoltaic projects is soaring, but sales are mainly concentrated in head enterprises, which leads to the in short supply of head enterprises. Locking the source in advance, this has also led to the continuous rise in components, and photovoltaic projects continue to be optimistic about investors.
"A few waves of people have come to negotiate, we are still watching." Recently, Shu Hongqiang, chairman of Jing Special Alloy, feedback to reporters. Several companies he are familiar with have been installed, want to see their effects, and then make decisions.
Luo Xianghu believes that at present, the city's photovoltaic project is on the eve of the outbreak, and foreign and local project vendors are seizing high -quality resources. He believes that from the perspective of energy conservation and emission reduction and carbon indicators of enterprises, enterprises can benefit early.
As the market continues to grow, Luo Xiang Lake's business has expanded again. This year, its company Hunan Gongteng Photovoltaic Power Power Power Co., Ltd. cooperated with the State Grid to invest and build three large photovoltaic demonstration projects in our city, which are the roof 4MW photovoltaic power storage project in Zhuzhou Bus Jinshan Base, Horang District, and the Red Sun of Lujing District The parking lot 2MW distributed photovoltaic power generation project, Tianyuan District Jinkai Auto 800kW roof photovoltaic power generation project. At the same time, all three projects are equipped with energy storage equipment. After completion, it can provide charging services for buses, online car rental, freight and social vehicles.
Figures Conferry, the roof 4 MPA photovoltaic power storage project of Jinshan Base in Jinshan Base, Horang District
As the "carbon neutrality" is written into the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan", the growth of the new energy industry is increasingly prominent. As a core clean energy, photovoltaic energy, with the improvement of technological progress, the improvement of power generation conversion efficiency, and the gradual high cost advantage. "The roof distributed photovoltaic power generation is pollution -free, and it will become the mainstream of clean energy in the future." Zhou Zhou, general manager of high -department energy, frankly said.
With the "double carbon" goal, the Dongfeng, high -department energy is also actively deploying to seize the "wind".
"High -tech energy will be transformed and upgraded to increase investment in the photovoltaic industry. All conditions in the park must build photovoltaic power generation projects to build it. In the next five years, high -tech energy strives to bring Zhuzhou High -tech Zone and Zhuzhou City. 50%of the roofs of industrial plants in the enterprise plant are built in photovoltaic power stations. "Zhou Zhou introduced that in addition, high -tech energy will also deploy energy storage, distributed wind power and other projects to use the park's open space to build energy demonstration projects.
Increased investment in the construction of the photovoltaic industry to allow enterprises to use clean energy, which is also in line with international trade rules.
"For export companies, there must be a carbon emissions quota. If clean energy is used, companies can get a certain quota. The development of the photovoltaic industry in the development of high -department energy and providing clean energy for enterprises may also be a favorable factor in the investment promotion of the park." Zhou The boat said.
Source: Zhuzhou Daily
Review: Luo Xiaoling
Edit: Chen Chen
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