Healthy China | Cervical Cancer and Breast Cancer can prevent cure

Breast cancer and cervical cancer can prevent cure, timely detection and reasonable treatment, it plays an important role in controlling the deterioration and development of the cancerous tissue and stabilizing the condition. "Two cancers" screening is an effective means of discovering women's diseases in time, and it is also an important basis for female diseases. It can effectively promote early discovery, early diagnosis, and early treatment of cervical cancer and breast cancer. On the occasion of the promotion of the "Healthy Chinese Mother Action" in 2022, the reporter interviewed the Director and Chief Physician of the Gynecology and Chief Physicians of the Beijing University Cancer Hospital, Gao Yunong, member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Medical Association Gynecological Oncology Branch, and Sichuan Province Che Hongyi, a member of the Period of Permanent Emulsion Vascular Surgery and a member of the Breast Cancer Prevention and Control Group of the China Health Promotion Foundation, the Zigong First People's Hospital.

Gynecology Director and Chief Physician of Gynecology Hospital of Gaoyu Nong Peking University, Standing Committee Member of the Chinese Medical Association Gynecology Oncology Branch

Inocularly vaccinated HPV vaccine to establish the first line of defense

Cervical cancer can prevent cure

Cervical cancer is also known as cervical cancer. It is a malignant tumor that occurs in the cervix. It is also the most common gynecological tumor in women's reproductive tract. Human papilloma virus (hereinafter referred to as HPV) is the main pathogenic factor of the disease. The successful development and use of HPV vaccine provides effective measures for comprehensively preventing and controlling cervical cancer, so that cervical cancer can not only prevent it, but also cure.

In most cases, the human immune system can remove HPV infection. Only a few women's sustainable and high -risk HPV infections can cause cervical cancer lesions and develop to cervical cancer. At present, it is found that the high -risk HPV type that can cause cervical cancer is mainly mainly 16 and 18 HPV.

At present, HPV vaccines have different types, such as 2 -valent, 4, and 9 -valent vaccines. The types of 3 types of vaccines prevent viruses are different. For type 16 and 18 HPVs that cause cervical cancer, the prevention effect of 2 -valent vaccine has exceeded 70%. Therefore, no matter what kind of vaccine, it is recommended that eligible women who meet the conditions be vaccinated as soon as possible to establish the first line of defense to prevent cervical cancer. The best vaccination time is missed because it is waiting for a higher -cost vaccine.

It should be noted that the HPV vaccine can only prevent infected HPV strains for infected people, and cannot eliminate the infected strains. In addition, women who are in breastfeeding, pregnancy, and planning to be pregnant are best not to vaccinate HPV vaccines, and contraception within half a year after vaccination HPV vaccine; cold, fever, physical discomfort, etc. cannot be vaccinated; Only then can be vaccinated; people who have been allergic to vaccine cannot be vaccinated; those who have tried immunoglobulin or blood products cannot be vaccinated.

Early cervical cancer patients can retain fertility

The cervix is ​​the only built -in organ that the human body can see. In the process of regular physical examination, there are any subtle changes in the cervix, and the doctor can see it intuitively. At this time, supplemented by cytology, even if the patient was infected with HPV, he could be found and was treated before the pre -cancer disease period. The incidence of cervical cancer is a slow process. The sooner you find it, the earlier you can treat it, and the smaller the impact on your health. Therefore, regular physical examination is an important means to prevent cervical cancer, and it is also the first step in achieving early clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Even if the patient is infected with HPV, the development process can be curbed in time in time according to the clinical guidelines for the screening and treatment of pre -cancer lesions. This is the second step of early diagnosis and early treatment. Cervical cancer patients need radiotherapy, surgery and comprehensive treatment. After treatment according to the guideline, the 5 -year survival rate of patients in the first and second phases can reach more than 90%.

Due to the special physiological structure of women, many patients with cervical cancer are worried that they will affect fertility after illness. Indeed, many patients were found in the third phase when they were found to be sick, and they usually lost the opportunity to keep fertility. Of course, for most patients with cervical cancer at the early stage, their fertility ability can be retained. Cervical cancer is not a hormone -dependent disease. Even if surgery is performed, the patient's ovaries can be retained as much as possible.

Do a good job of protecting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle

Inocular HPV vaccine and clinical treatment are medical methods to deal with HPV infection, while preventing HPV infections should start with the correct lifestyle.

First of all, the pathway of cervical cancer is mainly sexual transmission. Therefore, preventing cervical cancer should pay attention to maintaining sexual hygiene and improving the awareness of reproductive health. If there is no fertility needs in the short term, it is recommended to use condoms to contraception.

Secondly, most HPVs can be eliminated by autoimmune. Therefore, in daily life, women should insist on exercise and improve their own immunity. Control emotions and keep your mood happy. Do not stay up late, smoke, do not drink, pay attention to the sanitation of living environment. Through a healthy lifestyle to prevent cervical lesions, cervical cancer is stifled in the cradle.

Finally, it is recommended that women who have sexual life regularly check for regular medical examinations and develop good examination habits. If you find symptoms such as contact bleeding and vaginal abnormal bleeding, go to the medical institution for examination as soon as possible.

Che Hongzheng Sichuan Province First People's Hospital Director of Acts Lotion Vascular Surgery, Members of the Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment of the China Health Promotion Foundation

Prevent breast cancer health and beauty

Pay attention to the lumps in the breast

The most common clinical symptoms of breast cancer are painless or hidden pain mass. The lumps may be small. Because the pain is not obvious, it is easily ignored by patients. In addition to the occurrence of lumps, the hemogenesis and asymmetric thickening of the breasts and the asymmetry of the breast may also be the manifestation of tumors.

In addition, breast cancer can cause skin changes, and there are multiple signs: such as "dimple signs", that is, a small depression appears in the breast skin; ; Such as "Skin Satellite Nodule", that is, the skin around the main carcinoma forms a hard nodule scattered in distribution. It is worth noting that many women also have mammary lumps before menstrual periods. After menstruation, the lumps will soften with congestion after menstruation. The mass of breast cancer is isolated. It does not change with the menstrual cycle, but it will be more obvious after menstruation, and there is no obvious pain.

Therefore, when a woman is self-examination, it can choose to be 3-7 days after menstruation. It is best to expose the upper body in front of the mirror, flat shoulders, and see if the bilateral breasts are symmetrical. A clockwise or counterclockwise stretched, then gently squeeze the nipple to see if the hemidsmal discharge occurs.

Do not have to remove breast cancer if you get breast cancer

With the diversified development of treatment methods, the treatment effect of systemic system system is getting better and better. Evidence -based medicine has proven that the survival rate of "milk protection surgery+radiotherapy" is not less than or even higher than the full breast.

1. There is no absolute taboo for milk protection surgery. Through breast tumor plastic surgery technology, even large tumors, patients can successfully keep milk. Specifically, chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined targeted therapy can be performed before surgery, reducing tumors, reducing tumor staging, and increasing milk preservation.

2. Radiotherapy must be after milk -keeping surgery. Patients who cannot tolerate radiotherapy are not suitable for milk protection. However, for some older patients, the staging is earlier and the molecular typing is better. As long as a part of the breast tissue can be removed to achieve the treatment purpose. In this case, there is no need to perform full breasts.

3. When some breast cancer (local tumor is not suitable for milk protection surgery), it can be discovered by new assisted treatment methods such as neoading chemotherapy and new assisted targeted therapy to reduce tumors, reduce tumor stages, and achieve milk preservation. If you still cannot keep all the breast tissue, you can remove all the breast tissue, and then use other artificial tissues or self -tissue to fill in repair to repair the appearance of the breast.

In addition, patients should pay attention to diet in daily life, including controlling animal fats and animal protein intake, appropriately intake of plant fat; increase dietary fiber intake, etc., and keep the body within the appropriate weight. Avoid smoking and drinking, exercise appropriately daily.

What are the high -risk people of breast cancer?

1. There is a family history of breast cancer. If there is a family history of cancer, especially the family history of breast cancer, such as grandma, mother, sisters and other first -level relatives suffer from breast cancer and ovarian cancer, such people may carry cancer cell genes. Breast cancer gene test.

2. Women who are late for late marriage and late. The fertility age is relatively late.

3. Monthly passes early or late. The first tide is less than 12 years old, the menopause age is more than 55 years old.

4. People with high estrogen. For women with high estrogen, if you take health products containing estrogen or use estrogen -containing skin care products for a long time, you may increase the risk of breast disease and breast cancer.

5. People who come into contact with various radiation. Breast glands are tissues that are more sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. Women are in the stage of filamentous division active in breast epithelial cells when they are young, and are the most sensitive to electromagnetic radiation carcinogenic effects.

6. Obesity. Breast cancer has a certain relationship with fat intake. Women should pay attention to exercise to avoid excessive weight index, and obesity has a great burden on the body.

Source: Chinese Family Newspaper Officer Wei

Author: China Family Daily reporter Hou Jie Jing Xiaochen

Produced: Provincial Women's Federation Propaganda Department (Network Work Department)

- END -