The "Ancient Shu Civilization New Discovery" series of inspections approach the mysterious Sanxingdui

On July 9th, the second stop of the "Ancient Shu Civilization" series of inspections entered the archeological site of Sanxingdui, the "New Metropolis" site of the Han Dynasty in Chengxiang Town, Qingbaijiang District, from Sichuan University, Southwest University for Nationalities, Southwest Jiaotong University, Sichuan Normal University , Sichuan Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu Modern and Contemporary Urban Aesthetics Research Institute, the Party School of the Chengdu Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Chengdu Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu University and other universities and research institutes have witnessed the latest cultural relics unearthed from Sanxingdui. , Thus understanding the brilliance of the ancient Shu Kingdom in the Bronze Age and the prosperity of the Han Dynasty Chengdu.

Walk into the archeological site of Sanxingdui to witness the highly developed ancient Shu civilization

In the morning, Tang Fei, Dean of the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, led experts and scholars to enter the archeological scene of Sanxingdui. "As of June this year, the Sanxingdui site six newly discovered sacrifice pits are currently unearthed in a total of nearly 13,000 cultural relics." Dean Tang Fei introduced that after refined cleaning and reversible physical solid, the previous 3rd to 6 " A number of "heavyweights" cultural relics such as the big mouth, Yuankou Fangzun, Dingzun, Kneeling, Kneeling Portrait, Kneeling Portrait, Kneeling Portrait, Golden Mask, etc. out. Up to now, 77 bronze wares, 120 jade artifacts, 44 pieces of gold, 678 (sections) ivory, 46 ivory carving residues have been initially cleaned up and entered the finishing stage.

The eight sacrifice pits found in Sanxingdui. In the late Shang Dynasty, a large number of bronze wares were unearthed from eight sacrifice pits. These bronze wares indicate that not only the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have entered a highly developed bronze era, but also the upper reaches of the Yangtze River also entered a high level. The developed bronze era.

In the cultural relics library, experts and scholars saw the newly unearthed Top Snake Bronze Portrait of the No. 8 Pit of Sanxingdui No. 8 Pit, which are known as K8. The entire cultural relics are divided into three parts. The bronze portrait of the horns of the horns, its hands are supported on a bronze cricket with a square seat, and there is a cinnabar paintings on the head. The latest bronze altar is the most complicated utensils of the K8 process. The bronze altar is from low to high scores. The bottom is a platform base with hollow pattern. A person, there is a group of tall "Lux" sitting on a small base with a decorated, and holding a little beast together. The little beast was also riding a skirt on his back. The little god's neck was tied up by the rope made of three copper wires, and a small copper ring was buckled on the rope.

In the afternoon, experts and scholars walked into the "New Metropolis" site under the leadership of Yan Jinsong, Dean of the Chengdu Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute. Experts embarked on the wall of the Han Dynasty and discovered the person in charge of the scene Yang Yang introduced the excavation of the site and the site of the site in detail. At the same time, experts and scholars approached the history of the Han Dynasty. They also deeply realized the hardships and difficulties of archaeologists to discover the excavation work in the hot summer weather.

Experts praise: Ancient Shu bronze civilization is unique

Professor He Yimin, the director of the Sichuan University Urban Research Institute, the president of the Chengdu History Society, and the chairman of the Chengdu Ancient Capital Society, believes that after the visit, the newly unearthed bronze utensils have the following characteristics: First, the number of newly unearthed 13,000 newly unearthed unearthed 13,000 There are more than 1,000 complete bronze wares in the cultural relics; the second is the large volume of bronze wares, and the bronze altar and bronze beast are the largest bronze wares to date; the third is that the manufacturing process is complex and the manufacturing technology is superb. Shao bronze utensils are combined with multiple components; fourth, exquisite shapes, unique shapes, and various attitudes, showing that the ancient Shu people have high aesthetic and creative capabilities; fifth is that although Sanxingdui bronze is made in the local area, it can also be seen. The traces of the influence of foreign culture fully indicate that the ancient Shu civilization has strong openness and inclusiveness. Although the Sichuan Basin is inconvenient to traffic, the closed geographical closure has contributed to the open and inclusiveness of ancient Shu civilization, and innovation. A large number of new bronze wares unearthed in Sanxingdui show that more than 3,000 years ago, the bronze civilizations in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River developed to a peak.

Professor Wang Ping, vice president of the Party School of the Chengdu Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, said: "The ancient city of Baodun, which we visited in the last stop, was the origin of the ancient Shu civilization. During the Sanxingdui period, a strong ancient Shu kingdom had stood in the southwest. Capital. Sanxingdui sites have rammed soil walls, sacrifice areas, large buildings and residential areas. The urban functional partitions are clear, the urban form is complete, and it has strong planning. These have fully indicated that the ancient Shu civilization has entered a mature development period.

Professor Zeng Ming, former president of the Southwest National University, believes that during the cultural period of Sanxingdui, social production has developed greatly. One is a large number of pottery wine vessels, indicating that the agriculture in the ancient Shu area was quite developed at that time. Only to drink more universal drinking; and the large number of exquisite bronzes, gold wares, and jade wares indicate that the handicraft industry has existed independently from agriculture, and the handicraft industries have appeared in more detailed division of labor.

Li Jie, the executive chairman of the Painting School of Painting School of Sichuan Province, believes that the spiritual civilization of Sanxingdui is highly developed, and the division of social division of labor has continued to expand. Shu art has formed a unique style. Artistic shapes and patterns have become a unique form of civilization. It seems particularly important today. The bronze god trees, gold masks, and bird portraits unearthed from Sanxingdui have enriched and improved the ancient Chinese bronze civilization system. The context of human civilization and the history of the origin of Chinese civilization. It also provides extremely precious models for the history of world art and ancient thoughts, and provides a more powerful scientific basis for further study of Bashu art history. Experts believe that during the cultural period of Sanxingdui, a highly developed material civilization, spiritual civilization and institutional civilization have appeared in the cultural period of Sanxingdui. The ancient Shu civilization represented by Sanxingdui is undoubtedly the most dazzling star in the early Chinese civilization "full star fight".

"During the Sanxingdui period, the national form of the ancient Shu Kingdom had reached its peak, forming a highly developed civilization center with several major civilization centers in the world at that time. When other ancient culture gradually declined and disappeared, the ancient Shu civilization continued to continue Go down. "Professor Bao Chengzhi, deputy dean of the School of History and Culture of Sichuan University. Bao Chengzhi believes that the Sands site is the continuation of Sanxingdui culture. In 2001, the Jinsha site was discovered in Chengdu. Bronze standing people, golden masks, sun god birds ... Sands are so similar to Samsung Dou.

Bao Chengzhi believes that the ancient Shu people of Sanxingdui not only master the highly developed bronze smelting technology, but also have considerable artistic creativity and astronomy knowledge. The discovery of the golden foil of the "Sun God Bird" of the Jinsha site shows that the ancient Jinsha ancient Shu people have reincarnated the four seasons, and they have awareness 12 months a year.

"From Baodun Culture to Sanxingdui Culture to Twelve Bridge Culture, although the kingship has appeared and the country has evolved, the ancient Shu civilization has continued to develop for more than 2,000 years. This is not only in the history of Chinese civilization, but also a special special in the history of world civilization. Case. "He Yimin said. After Qin and Bashu, the ancient Shu civilization did not disappear. Instead, in the process of meeting, exchanges, and blending with the Central Plains civilization, a new regional cultural system was formed, and it continued to spread. The endlessness of the ancient Shu civilization continued.

Reporter Wang Huan

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