Prevention and misunderstanding of the elderly heat stroke

Source: Science Popularization China

In recent years, the number of high temperature days in my country has gradually increased. The number of high temperature days from 2013-2017 reached 111 days. Under the heat of the heat, the air humidity increased, the air flow was poor, and the body sensitivity was abnormal. Caused death. With the increase of age, the function of the body's organs degradation, the downside of the sweat glands and heart, the resistance decreased, and the ability to adapt to high fever weakened. The elderly (age> 65 years old) became one of the high -risk groups of heat stroke. Especially the elderly with chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis and other chronic diseases, once heat stroke, it is easy to cause severe complications such as shock, heart failure, severe infection, cerebral edema, acute renal failure, let alone May lose life.

To deal with high temperature days, which good methods can prevent heat stroke?

1. In the hot summer, pay attention to the weather forecast

At all times, pay attention to the high temperature warning of weather forecast. It is recommended that the elderly family or friends of the elderly call or video at least twice a day to confirm the health of the elderly and care about their daily life. Poor, slow response, etc. should consider heat stroke, and can take appropriate emergency treatment or seek medical treatment in a timely manner.

2. Ensure water intake, when the temperature is high, drink a lot of water

High -temperature days, you need to increase the intake of moisture. Do not wait until thirst before drinking water. The water temperature should not be too high, and drinking water should be a small amount. Drinks containing alcohol or a large amount of sugar can cause water loss and should not drink. Excessive frozen drinks can cause gastric spasm to avoid drinking. For elderly people who need to restrict water in heart and kidney function abnormalities, the amount of drinking water at high temperatures can consult the attending doctor.

3. Pay attention to replenishing salt and minerals

When sweating, it can be accompanied by the loss of salt and minerals in the body. Sports drinks contain the salt and minerals needed by the body. Therefore, you can drink 2-4 cups (about 500-1000ml) per hour. Drinks (containing 0.1%to 0.3%salt). For the elderly who are undergoing a low -salt diet, you should consult a doctor before drinking sports drinks or taking saline.

4. The diet should be light, and sleep should be guaranteed

Foods that are not easy to digest can bring additional burdens on the body, so they should reduce consumption of high -oil and high -fat foods. Pay attention to diet hygiene, especially cold foods are easy to deteriorate in the summer, and should be avoided to prevent intestinal infectious diseases such as diarrhea. In high temperature environment, the elderly should have a light diet, take enough calories for each meal, and supplement protein, vitamins and calcium, and eat sufficient fruits and vegetables. Avoid direct blowing or air -conditioning when sleeping to ensure sufficient sleep.

5. Reduce out, arrange outdoor activities reasonably, and correctly use heatstroke cooling products

Carefully do a good job of going out of high temperature weather to avoid going out of high temperature weather as much as possible. If you must move outdoors, it is recommended to travel with each other, and it is best to avoid the noon period. Try to arrange the time in the morning or evening, and try to move or rest in the shade as possible to avoid direct sun exposure. If you need to walk or exercise at high temperature conditions, you should start slowly and gradually increase your strength to let the body slowly adapt to the external environment. When you have felt your heartbeat and your chest tightness, especially when you feel dizzy, blurred, weak, or even fainted, you need to stop all activities immediately! Quickly find a place where you shade or cool and ventilated or a cool place. In outdoor activities, you should try to choose light, loose and light clothes as much as possible. Prepare sunscreen and cooling, you can wear a wide -haired naves, sunglasses, and apply sunscreen (UVA/UVB protection) ≥SPF15. Wait.

Try to move indoors as much as possible in high temperature weather. If conditions permit, the air conditioner should be turned on. If there is no air conditioner at home, you can choose a shopping mall, library and other public places to avoid the summer. The use of electric fans can temporarily relieve the heat. If the temperature rises to> 32 ° C, the electric fan has little effect on reducing heatstroke. Wash your face with cold water, wipe your body, or stay in the air -conditioned room is the best cooling measure. Minimize the use of stoves, ovens, etc. as much as possible. If you need to use stoves, ovens, etc., you should pay attention to replenishing water in time, and often leave the kitchen and rest in a place where you shade or cool.

Light symptoms can be manifested as dizziness, headache, flushing, thirst, a lot of sweating, general weakness, palpitations, pulse

Symptoms such as fast, inconsistency, and inconsistency of movement; severe heat stroke can occur, heat cramps, heat failure, and heat ejection disease, and even cause death.

When dealing with heat stroke, which methods are not so useful?

1.

It plays a role in stimulating pain, which is no different from thighs. This method cannot be used for first aid. This is because heat stroke is caused by human body heat production and heat dissipation imbalance, so cooling down is the key measure to stay away from heat sources. Sometimes in people may even cause misconduary suffocation due to pain stimuli, but there is a potential risk of worsening condition.

2. Drink cold water

After heat stroke, it is necessary to replenish reasonable water. Drinking water is small and multiple times. Drinking it into the mouth will be better. It is not recommended to drink a lot of cold water. Because a large amount of sweating will be accompanied by the loss of salt in the body, if it is only a large amount of cold water at this time, it will cause hyponatremia in the human body, which may cause brain edema and coma.

3. Take anti -fever medicine

The fever caused by heat stroke is different from the fever caused by bacterial or virus infections. The fever caused by heat stroke is because the body temperature regulation center disorders of the human body cause heat to accumulate in the body, and cannot radiate heat by sweating. The antipyretic drugs are mainly used to achieve cooling purposes by sweating. Therefore, the preferred physical cooling after heat stroke. 4. Take Huoxiang Zhengqi water

Huoxiangzhengqi water is mainly used for heat -wounding wind. The heat stroke is not in the indicator of Huoxiang Zhengqi water, and Huoxiang Zhengqi water contains 40%to 50%of alcohol. After taking it, it may cause severe dehydration and damage.

How should we deal with common heat stroke symptoms?

1. Hot spasm

After severe activity, symmetrical muscle pain or convulsions on the abdomen, arms or legs. At this time, its consciousness is awake and normal body temperature. This is the manifestation of heat spasm.

Need to do at least the following points: stop all activities, sit quietly in a cool place to rest; drink diluted, refreshing fruit juice or sports drinks; even if the spasm is relieved, do not do heavy physical labor or severe exercise within a few hours in the following hours. In this way, it will only further overdraw energy and cause heat failure or even thermal ejection disease; if the elderly have a history of heart disease, a low -salt diet, or the condition of thermal cramps after 1H, it has not yet faded, and they should be sent to the hospital in time.

2. Frequent failure

If dizziness, headache, nausea or vomiting, a lot of sweating, pale face, extremely weak or tired, muscle spasm, fainting for a while, wake up, the skin is cold and humid, this is the symptoms of thermal failure. And when the patient's blood pressure decreases, the pulse is fast and weak, the respiratory breathing is rapid, mild dehydration, the body temperature is slightly higher or normal, accompanied by nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting. Causes fever. If the symptoms are severe, accompanied by heart disease or hypertension, please seek medical treatment immediately. In addition, you can help patients cool down first. The cooling measures can be a drink with cool and alcoholic drinks, pay attention to rest, take a bath or wipe the body, turn on the air conditioner, and help the elderly to put on light clothes.

3. Fever

Thermal radiation disease refers to the dysfunction of the center function of the body temperature regulating, which causes the body temperature to rise rapidly. Within 10 ~ 15 min, the body temperature can reach> 40 ° C. If you do not accept emergency rescue, fever can lead to death or disability. Thermal radiation disease can be manifested as nausea, dizziness, fighting headache, oral temperature> 39.5 ° C, skin red, hot and dry without sweat, chills, fast pulse, blurred consciousness, unclear mouth, or even loss of consciousness. If you see any signs above, it means that the situation at this time is likely to threaten life. While actively cooling down, other people around them help call the emergency call. When waiting for the emergency personnel, you can do the following points: move the patient to the cool place; quickly cool the patient, such as soaking the patient in the cold water of the bathtub, the patient in the cold water shower, spray the cold water with flowers, spray the flowers of the flowers with flowers. On the patient's body, wipe the patient's body, cool and wet towels, or ice packs cold head, underarms, and thigh roots; or when the weather is dry, wrap the patient in the cold water soaked in the cold water. The body temperature insists on helping patients to cool down until the body temperature drops to 38 ° C. Don't drink water, this is because sometimes patients' muscles will not be convulsive due to heat irritation. When this happens, patients not only easily hurt themselves, but also cause mistakes. So don't put anything in the patient's mouth, don't try to feed the liquid to supplement him or her. If vomiting occurs, please turn the patient's body to lie on the side to ensure that the respiratory tract is smooth. If the emergency personnel fail to arrive in time, continue to call 120, 110, etc. to seek more guidance and help.

The best measure to resist the heat stroke of the elderly is prevention. It is hot in summer. Remember not to ignore daily chores: drink less hot water, drink more cold water, eat less high oil, high fat, and indigestible food. The behavior activities are planned, cool and loose ... Simple behavior changes can effectively prevent heat stroke and maintain the healthy vitality of the elderly.

Oriental Hospital affiliated to Tongji University

Guardian of Zhou Ru Nu

Review: Wang Tao

The article is produced by the popular science China-Starry Cultivation Plan. Please indicate the source for reprinting

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