Xi'an Family Training Story 丨 Hands and persuaded to learn Han Gaozu

original

You can learn diligently. Every time you go, you should write yourself.

Translation

You have to study hard. Every time you play the chapter, you should write it yourself. Don't let others write on behalf of them.

Interpretation

The original text was selected from Liu Bang's "Hand [Chì] Prince Edward" in Qingyan Kejun in the "Chinese Wenwen". It was the legacy of the prince Liu Ying as the heir when he was in danger. In this legacy, Han Gaozu regretted that he looked at the literati and does not like to learn in his early years, and emphasized the importance of hard work.

Liu Bang (256 BC -195 BC), the founding emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. Fengyi (now Fengxian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) in Pei County, Surabaya County, Qin Dynasty was born in a farmhouse and was once the head of Surabaya Pavilion. In the first year of Qin II (AD 209), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang in the village of Daze Township. He responded to his troops and attacked Pei County. Later, he went to the Chu army general Xiang Liang, and Xiang Yu was about to be a brother, and he broke Qin together. In 206 BC, Liu Bang led the army to advance in the customs, and he passed by and arrived at the tyrant (now the East and Lishui West Gaoshui in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province), the Qin Prince surrendered, and the Qin Dynasty died. After Liu Bang entered Guanzhong, he abolished the severe punishment of the Qin Dynasty. Only three chapters of the law: "The killer dies, hurts people and theft." It means that the murderers must pay their lives, and the injured and theft must be sentenced. Liu Bang replaced the severe punishment of the Qin Dynasty and won the support of the Qin people.

After Xiang Yu entered Guanzhong, the garrison Hongmen (now Hongmenbao Village, Xinfeng Street, Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) intends to attack Liu Bang. When Liu Bang heard the news, he went to thank you in person, so he was spared. When Xiang Yu was divided into the world, Liu Bang was used as the Han king, and according to Bashu and Hanzhong. Xiang Yu claims to be the Western Chu Bawang, and the capital of Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). In Hanzhong, Liu Bang worshiped Xiao He as the prime minister, and Han Xin was the general, leading the army to build the plank road, secretly Chencang (now Baoji City, Shaanxi Province), calmed down Guanzhong and attacked eastward. In 203 BC, Chu and Han Chinese, with Honggou (in Liyang City, Henan Province) as the boundary. In the second year, Liu Bang obeyed Zhang Liang and Chen Ping's suggestions. While Xiang Yu withdrew his troops, he pursued Xiang Yu and surrounded Xiang Yu with Han Xin and Peng Yue (now Lingxian County, Suzhou City, Anhui Province). Death to die. In the same year, Liu Bang was the emperor. The country name was Han, and the capital was established in Luoyang. Soon after, he moved to Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province).

During the reign of Liu Bang, he inherited the political system of the Qin Dynasty and implemented centralized power. He has cut off the vassals of different surnames such as Han Xin, Peng Yue, and Yingbu. The world. In order to restore production and stability, he adopted the policy of "resting with the people" to allow soldiers to return home and grant Tianzhai to avoid certain taxes and service; encourage people to escape to return to their hometown, restore their titles of Tianzhai; sell self -selling; they will sell their own self -selling; The slaves have become a puppet, reducing farmers' land rent, and implementing "fifteen taxes". The Huns adopt a harmonious policy, open the "Guanshi", and slow down the relationship between the two parties. These measures are conducive to the recovery and political stability of socio -economic. Liu Bang was reigned for 7 years.

Liu Bang looked down on a scholar before he was the emperor and did not like Confucian scholars. When a person wearing Ru Guan came to see him, he took off his hat and peeing inside. Talking to Confucian students often scolds. Once, a scholar named him was to see him. Liu Bang's doorkeeper advised him not to eat him without Confucian students. Liu Bang loved it very much and called him, and the two were the same. The "Gaoyang wine" later evolved into an idiom, referring to a good drink and wild person.

After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang asked the ministers why he could get the world? The minister's answers failed to cut the key. Liu Bang concluded: "The reason why I have today, I have to force three people, among the best, and win thousands of miles away. Well invincible, I am not as good as Han Xin. These three are outstanding talents. I can use them. This is why I can get the world. "

There is a Confucian student around Liu Bang, named Lu Jia, who often talks about the Confucian classics in front of Liu Bang, and asked Liu Bang to learn from it from it. Liu Bang heard much, and he was very annoyed. He fired: "The world is riding immediately. What is the use of learning these Confucianism books?" Lu Jia replied, "You can ride the world immediately, but you can't ride in the right now. Governing the world. "Liu Bang felt that this was reasonable, so he changed his attitude, asked Lu Jia with an open mind, and asked him to organize the lessons and wisdom of governing the country in the history of the Confucian classics. Lu Jia wrote twelve articles for Liu Bang for reference. In addition, Liu Bang was determined to change the habit of light Confucianism, and began to ask people to speak for books, and used Confucian students to serve as court officials and formulate various rules and regulations, which played an important role in consolidating the early Han regime.

As the emperor of the cloth, Liu Bang is open -minded and can reflect on himself. After recognizing his deficiencies, it is also valuable.

On the issue of choosing the heir, Liu Bang believes that the eldest son Liu Ying is weak and sick, and it is difficult to be a big deal. The son of Mrs. Liu Ruyi is smart and clever, and the style of British martial arts is very similar to him. After hearing the news, the ministers had more persuasion. Later, Lu Hou and Zhang Liang conspired and invited "Shangshan Sihao" to assist Liu Ying before retaining the prince.

In March of the twelve years of Han Gaozu (195 BC), Liu Bang was infected. When he died, he decided to establish 16 -year -old eldest son Liu Ying as the heir of the emperor. He wrote the "Prince of the Hand" and regarded himself to the literati in his early years. He did not criticize himself without serious study. Liu Bang said in "Prince Hands": "I was in an era of disturbances, and was catching up with Qin Shihuang to burn the book and Confucianism. Important. So let others explain the poems and understand the meaning. Thinking back to the previous behavior, there are really many incorrect places. "

In ancient times, Yao and Shun did not pass the world to their sons, but to others, but they did not cherish the world, but because his son was not enough to take responsibility. People are cherished by good cattle and horses, and what about the world? You are my eldest son, and I have long intended you to be the prince. The ministers praise your friends "Shangshan Sihao", and I have not invited, but they come for you, which shows that you can take responsibility. Now decide you as my heir.

Liu Bang reviewed his previous behavior and said, "I do n’t learn books, but I know the words when I read and ask the words. Every time you are sparse, you should write yourself, don't make people. "

In other words, I did n’t learn calligraphy in my life. I only knew some of them when reading words, so the literature was not well written, but I could express my meaning. Looking at the words you write now, it's not as good as me. You have to study hard. Every time you play the chapter, you should write it yourself. Don't let others write on behalf of them.

Liu Bang also warned Liu Ying to respect the old -age ministers. He said: "You see Xiao He, Cao Shen, Zhang Liang, and Chen Ping, all of which are the same as me, the elder who is twice as old as you, you have to worship it. Do you want to tell these words Your younger brothers. "

In "The Prince of the Hand", Liu Bang deeply analyzed his deserted behavior, so as to educate Liu Ying, let his son learn lessons, study carefully, and do not take his old way. He also warned Liu Ying to respect the old ministers and ministers, respect others, and treat others with courtesy. Liu Bang is sincere, with affection for the calf flowing in the words, and at the same time, he also entrusts hope for the future. He hopes that Liu Ying has identified his identity and has the courage to take the responsibility of the country.

After Liu Ying's succession, he continued to appoint Xiao He as a phase. Later, Cao Shen was the prime minister, promoted the benevolence, reduced taxes, and restored the foundation.

Comment

As a Han Gaozu Liu Bang who created the world, he can seriously reflect on his past before his death, and use his own personal experience to sue the prince. move. He preached with him, persuading people to learn and respecting the legacy of others, and had a profound impact on future generations. He is "every sparse, should be self -book, don't make people", and the requirements of the leading cadres that our party has always advocated should be written in person, and the requirements of drafting their own speech coincide. The real and pragmatic work style provides a model of history and a good example, which is worthy of our reference and learning.

Source: "Qingfeng Millennium · Xi'an Family Training Story Collection"

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