What is the difference between the new method of controlling nuclear fusion, which is different from the traditional method?A sharp decline in cost

The development speed of human civilization depends on the way of energy acquisition, and when it comes to future energy, the most noticeable is the controllable nuclear fusion.

why? Because all energy sources on the earth originally came from nuclear fusion, and the main body of this nuclear fusion was the sun. The sun is essentially a huge nuclear fusion reactor, and the nuclear fusion is actually the process of two light atoms that gather into a heavy atom and release energy. Because this process will have quality loss, the quality of the loss will be released in the form of energy. Come out, so the energy generated by it is very huge. If these energy is released in an instant, it will produce the power of destruction and death. The hydrogen bomb uses this principle. Although the essence of hydrogen bombs is nuclear fusion, this nuclear fusion is uncontrollable. To make it available for human use, it must be controlled.

The so -called controlling nuclear fusion is to make the entire fusion process slow, that is, controlling its reaction speed, which is not difficult itself. The difficulty is to make the reactor in the event.

To promote the reaction of the fusion, it requires extremely high temperature and pressure. The reason why the sun can become a star that glows and heats is because it has sufficient quality that it has high pressure inside. In the following, the fusion reaction occurred. The huge pressure to simulate the core of the solar on the earth is basically impossible, so it takes a higher temperature to promote the reaction of the fusion. At present, the highest melting point metal is metal tungsten, and its melting point is about 3410 ° C. At present, the highest melting point that humans can create are five carbonized four -cricket and the melting point is 4215 ° C. The temperature required for fusion.

Obviously, no substances can be used for reactors, so they can only try to restrain the reactant.

At present, the theoretical feasibility constraints are mainly divided into two categories, namely magnetic field constraints and inertial constraints. The inertial constraint is to use the inertia of the particles to restrain the particles itself to avoid contact with any substance. Human beings have limited experience in inertial constraints. At present, there are no obvious technological breakthroughs in various countries, so magnetic field constraints are still the main research direction at this stage. The use of magnetic fields to restrain high -temperature plasma is both theoretical foundation and practical experience for humans, because as early as the 1950s, humans created a magnetic field constraint device, namely the Takamak device.

The Takamak device is a non -tattoo ring container.

Its internal structure is generally like this: a ring -shaped vacuum chamber, wrapped around the coil outside the vacuum room, a huge spiral magnetic field will be generated when the coil is powered on, heating and promoting nuclear fusion reactions, and restricting the reaction in it , Avoid it with any material. At present, the research of various countries in the world for magnetic field constraints is based on the Takamak device, while China is in a leading position in the world. Previously, we have achieved 70 million degrees of long pulse high parameters in the experiment for 1056 seconds for 1056 seconds. The temperature of 120 million kWh also reached 101 seconds. According to the current progress, we are expected to generate demonstration projects in 2030, and the time is difficult to predict the final commercial power generation.

When various countries concentrated their attention on the Takmack's device, a start -up technology company had a different approach, developed a new method of constraining controllable nuclear fusion, and claimed that the experiment had been successful.

The startup in Seattle is called "ZAP Engergy". The methods they developed are also magnetic field constraints, but they are not based on the Takamak device. The Takamak device generates a large number of magnets, coils, and shielding materials, which makes the cost high, and the methods developed by ZAP Engergy are not used at all. They use plasma to achieve self -restraint. This is theoretically exactly open, because the plasma itself is charged. Since it is charged, it can form a magnetic field. So how can these pile plasma form a magnetic field to achieve self -restraint? This is a secret.

ZAP Engergy did not announce the specific details of the technology, but just announced the success of the experiment and eventually achieved the balance of energy revenue and expenditure, which means that it can generate positive returns.

This magnetic constraint method also has an advantage, that is, small volume, which can be modularized, can be used in combination, or can be used alone, which means that it can be applied to remote areas. If according to ZAP Engergy, this new technology is far lower than traditional technology in terms of cost, which may accelerate the commercialization process of controllable nuclear fusion. Of course, this is just the optimistic ideas we continue to know. Since we do not understand the details of this new technology, we cannot judge whether it can really succeed in the end, and it is impossible to infer the time for its application to commercial power generation.

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