Get rid of the dilemma of "abandoning wind and electricity", the latest Nature of Peking University brings a new type of battery

Text | "China Science News" reporter Shen Chunlei

On the grassland on the dam in Fengning, Hebei, there is a white windmill with mountains. If you observe it carefully, you will find that some windmills are not rotating, and only a small part is turning to power generation.

"This is the windmill stop working in an orderly manner, which is the‘ abandoned wind and electricity ’.” Pang Quanquan, a special researcher at the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Peking University, told the Journal of Science.

How to make these windmills do everything?

On August 25, researchers from Pangquan United Union MIT, Waterloo University, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Agan National Laboratory and other units published a "fast charging aluminum sulfur battery with no crystal branches short circuit" on Nature (Fast-Charging Aluminium-Chalcogen Batteries Resistant to Dendritic Shorting) is expected to solve this problem.

Let the windmill run full load

These large windmills with a height of more than 50 meters have finally been moved to high mountains at an altitude of more than 1,000 meters. Why not let them run at full load?

Pang Quanquan explained that this is because if the wind power cannot be consumed locally, it needs to be merged into a large -scale power grid. The current power grid needs to maintain frequency stability while maintaining the basic equivalent of supply and consumption to ensure high -quality electricity, so its ability to accept the "extra power" of wind power is limited.

In other words, if there are suddenly so many wind power generation, the power grid will be threatened due to a great impact; if the power grid is set to high -end capability, when the wind power is sharply reduced, the power grid will greatly reduce the frequency. The same is true for solar power generation.

"On the one hand, our research can be performed in local areas, that is, a distributed energy storage power station on the power generation side. When the wind power is large, the battery is stored. When the wind power is small, the battery will release the electricity. Use the battery to adjust the wind power grid, that is, the independent power station on the power grid side, and the peak regulation and frequency adjustment. "He said," Of course, our battery can also be used for the power supply of industrial and commercial or home energy storage for peak electricity price arbitrage. "

Peak Valley price difference is the most important profit method of users at present, that is, charging energy storage power stations through the downtown period of the G -Power Grid at night, and discharging during the daytime electricity to achieve the purpose of saving electricity costs.

In the first one Nature brings a new type of battery

This is also Pang Quan's first nature.

He told the Journal of China: "About 5 to 6 years ago, I was inspired by the sulfur positive pole of lithium sulfur batteries and the design of electrolyte design, and brought it to the low -cost aluminum battery field."

Pangquan's related research papers are published in Nature Energy, which mainly introduces how to use electrolyte design to achieve high -performance lithium sulfur batteries. The latest Nature introduces a new battery system, which is unique in the use of electrolytes and positive and negative electrodes.

Pang Quanquan said: "In this work introduced by Nature, the aluminum ion battery we developed uses high -safe and non -combustible melting salt electrolytes, ultra -low battery materials (aluminum is negative, sulfur is positive), and ultra -high charge and discharge speed speed (Complete charging within a few minutes to a few minutes), compared to lithium iron phosphate batteries in terms of cost, safety, and battery performance.

He further explained: "Due to the high thermal stability of the melting salt and electrolytes used, it has high safety, which makes the battery system highly security and solves doubts about the security of large -scale integrated systems."

In addition, the battery system uses a rich sulfur with elements as a positive electrode, which can run normally at a gentle temperature of 110 ° C (other melting salt and aluminum batteries is between 300 and 600 ° C, so it is also called high -temperature battery).

Cultivation in the field of secondary battery

At present, in the context of rapid growth in the scale of wind power, the development of energy storage batteries in the "landscape storage" system with its supporting facilities has been seriously lagging behind.

On June 29 this year, the State Energy Administration's Comprehensive Division of the State Energy Administration's "Twenty -five Key requirements (2022 edition) (2022) (Draft for Solicitation) stated that the medium and large -scale electrochemical energy storage power stations must not be selected. Lithium batteries and sulfur batteries should not be used to use power batteries.

With the prominent issues such as the safety, cost, and benefits of energy storage power stations, the innovation of the electrochemical energy storage system is urgent to achieve the essential changes in the safety, cost, and benefits of energy storage power stations.

This is also the goal of Pang Quanquan and others to study energy storage batteries.

From lithium sulfur batteries, lithium metal batteries to melting salt batteries, to the laboratory that is developing a full solid battery, Pang Quan has always carried out research in the field of secondary batteries.

Pang Quanquan told the "China Science News": "Due to the low cost and high fast charging capacity of this newly developed aluminum battery, we are expected to bring breakthroughs in applications such as clean energy grid -connected energy grid -connected energy grid, power grid -side adjustment, and peak adjustment. "

Related thesis information:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04983-9

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