Heavy 丨 "Ditch oil" is about to fly to the sky!The first batch of 30 -ton national generated and aviation coal was refined in Zhenhai

Zhejiang News Client reporter Li Hua Correspondent Zhang Lingzhi

At 12:58 on September 26th, the first batch of 30 -ton sustainable aviation fuel produced by Sinopec's first set of biological aviation coal industry devices from Zhenhai Refining Factory, shipped to the Airbus (China) Tianjin Factory, allowing Airbus to only A320 in Asia in Asia The new large aircraft of the series of total loading lines eat the first bucket of green oil.

On June 28, in the Haimian and Chemical Plant in Sinopec Town in Ningbo, this set of biological aerospace industry devices for the first time produced biological aerospace coal. Prior to this, the seemingly "changing trick" technical problem of "ditch oil" changed navigation kerosene. As early as 2009, Zhenhai Refining and Chemical launched the research and development of biological aviation coal with meal waste oil as the raw material under the organization of the Ministry of Petrochemical Science and Technology; in 2014, it obtained my country's first biological aerospace coal air permit. my country has also become the country in Asia and the fourth country in the world with independent research and development of biological aviation coal technology.

This set of annual design and processing capabilities of 100,000 tons of biological aviation coal industry is successfully put into production, marking a solid step in the large -scale production and commercial application of Chinese biological aviation coal. Digestion of "ditch oil" recovered by tens of millions of people.

The first batch of sustainable aviation fuels from the factory was co -tuned by 40%of pure biological aerospace coal with oil base navigation coal. Earlier, the biological aviation coal produced by Zhenhai Refining and Chemical has successfully obtained the biological aviation coal airline certificate approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of China. The first biological aerospace coal product was exported, which means that the domestic biological aerospace coal that lasted more than 10 years is about to officially fly into the blue sky!

Unlock two "equations", "Ditch oil" completes gorgeous transformation

The technology research and development of biological aviation coal in my country starts in a blank. In 2009, biological aerospace coal was also a fresh term internationally. At this time, Sinopec has initiated the research and development of biological aviation coal.

"The development of biological aerospace coal is like solving the formula, which is the process of constantly verifying the envisaged." Qu Hongliang, a senior engineer of the Sinopec of Petrochemical Petrochemical Sciences Research Institute developed by biological aviation coal in my country The biological aerospace coal technology did not have relevant international standards until 2011, so at that time, I had to touch the river to cross the river every step. Through step by step, I opened the road from "groove oil" to aerospace coal.

Among them, "ditch oil" dehydration and reducing solidification point is the two most difficult "equations". In order to solve these two "equations", the Sinopec of Petrochemical Sciences of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering mobilized more than half of the research room for centralized technical research.

Compared with the traditional oil raw material oxygen content below 0.1%, the oxygen content of "trench oil" is as high as 10%-15%, so deoxidation must be performed. The principle of deoxidation is not complicated. Hydrogen and oxygen reactions generate water, which is the basic common sense of high school chemistry. However, it is difficult to achieve in industrial devices.

"During the hydrogen dehydration process, a large amount of water will be generated, and the water will cause the catalyst for reaction." Qu Hongliang said that this is almost a dead cycle. Moreover, this process also brings an additional problem. Adding more hydrogen will cause the reactor to rise too high, and the maximum temperature can exceed 500 ° C, far exceeding the tolerance of the reactor.

To understand this problem, the Institute organized a number of research rooms to carry out technical research simultaneously. In the end, the team innovatively developed a dedicated catalyst and process standards to achieve the deoxidation activity, selectivity and hydrogen consumption of the catalyst. At the same time, the problem of excessive temperature rise of the reactor was also controlled.

The problem of deoxidation was solved, and the "ditch oil" solidification point problem was placed on the desktop again.

The aircraft is flying at high altitude. Due to the low external temperature, this requires that aviation fuel has high liquidity, and the solidification point should be low. "The international biological aerospace coal standard is that the solidification point should be lower than minus 40 ° C, but the coagulation point of the hydrogen refined oil of the ditch oil 'is as high as 20 ° C." Qu Hongliang said that it is necessary to reduce the frozen solution, but to add a point antifreeze, but it must be added, but it must be added, but it must be added, but it must be added, but it must be added, but it must be added. Realize the "heterogeneity" at the molecular level.

"In layman's terms, the molecular structure of a straight -stick shape is easy to solidify, and a tree -shaped molecular structure solidification point is lower." Qu Hongliang said that the process of heterogeneity is to use a series of catalytic reactions to use a series of catalytic reactions to use a series of catalytic reactions to put it. The main ingredients of "trench oil" refined oil are positive alkanes and converted into isoportane to achieve the effect of reducing solidification points.

In this process, the most important thing is the development of catalysts. "The acidity of the catalyst is too high, which can cause the cracking performance to be too strong, resulting in the unable to produce navigation coal; the acidity is too low to achieve transformation." Qu Hongliang said.

In order to develop the appropriate catalyst, everyone soaked in the laboratory every day, using a stupid method to test the catalysts one by one, and did the freezing point test over and over again. It took two years before and after, and finally developed a new type of catalyst to break the problem of solidification point.

At this point, the main technical bottlenecks of "trench oil" as raw materials refining aviation kerosene have been opened, which has paved the way for the next industrialization.

Entering the last "block tiger", biological aerospace coal moves to industrialization

The process of biological aviation coal technology from laboratory to industrialization can also be described as "three levels and six generals."

"The laboratory is one thing, and the industrialization is another. In the process of industrialization, many situations are unpredictable by the laboratory." Qu Hongliang said that the laboratory has only succeeded in half of the technical research and development. To verify the reliability of technology and realize the industrialization of long cycle, many unexpected practical problems are often encountered. The biggest problem was on the eve of the formal putting into production of the biological aerospace and coal industry.

Because large particles of metal impurities will cause damage to aviation engines, the requirements of aviation kerosene on metal ions are particularly harsh. More than 20 metal ions must be controlled at a level of one -million. For example, the content of iron ions for biological aviation coal of the finished product is below 0.1ppm, which is equivalent to the content of iron ions per kilogram of biological aerospace coal must not exceed 0.1 mg.

"Compared with traditional oil raw materials, the metal ion content of catering waste oil is much higher." Zhou Wei, director of the production area of ​​Zhenhai Refining Biological Aerospace and Coal Production Area, said that this problem initially thought of Filter metal ions.

Before putting in production, a new problem came out. Because the device is made of carbon steel, it has iron ions itself. At the first time of enabled, the iron ions left in the early stage corrosion will cause the final oil to reach the standard.

To solve this problem, the technical public relations team of biological aerospace coal discussed again and again. The most convenient way is to use catering waste oil for trial production to achieve the effect of device cleaning. "But for a set, this should be used at least 500 tons of catering waste oil." Zhou Wei said that the first batch of raw materials was only 2,000 tons.

The final agreed method is to use petroleum base navigation coal, first turn on the device to clean the device. But this brings new problems. After cleaning and replacement, oil base navigation coal will be left in the device. Biological aerospace coal is a new thing. What reaction will there be in the mix of the two? Everyone has no bottom.

Sure enough, the first boot after the cleaning was completed, and the abnormal situation appeared.

"The division tower liquid level fluctuates violently between 1-100, and the fluctuation range should be within 1%under normal circumstances." In the control room, the expressions of Zhou Wei and the members of the corporation team were dignified. Everyone knows that if this situation continues, it may cause the inner tower of the fractional tower to be rushed, so it can only be stopped. "It's like a layer of tray in a mineral water bottle, shaking the bottle vigorously, and the water will flush the tray." Zhou Wei said.

Everyone gathered together to discuss urgently. "It should be caused by the different density and boiling point of the material. As long as the oil base navigation coal is separated, this phenomenon is gone." A word from the craft manager Li Chenggang let everyone hang down.

After tracking and monitoring, Sure enough, over time, the fluctuation of the liquid level gradually returned to normal. The last threshold for the formal investment in biological aerospace coal passed.

Open a large market, "trench oil" borrows the wind and flying the sky

The final decisive factor to fly into the sky is to fly to the sky. Looking at the world, the cost is still high, and it is still the biggest obstacle to restricting the large -scale application of biological aviation coal.

The high cost of biological aviation coal is mainly due to the acquisition cost of biomass raw materials such as "ditch oil".

"Ditch oil" seems very common, but as a raw material for centralized supply, it needs to be supported by the industrial chain of the system. "The raw materials of our first biological aerospace coal, two science and technology and environmental protection companies from Chengdu, Sichuan. Catering waste oil is shipped to Ningbo after deep pre -processing." Said that the superposition of a series of storage and transportation costs has led to the overall production cost of biological aerospace coal at this stage, which is three or four times that of traditional petroleum base navigation coal.

Due to the form of heavy oil such as hot pot and other places in Sichuan, the collection of catering waste oil is more convenient, and a relatively complete industrial chain has also been formed. "In the future, if you can purchase ditch oil at your doorstep, the cost problem will be largely eased." Huang Aibin said that at present, it is urgent to build a catering waste oil recovery industry chain near Ningbo and surrounding cities.

Huang Aibin is optimistic about the prospect of the biological aerospace coal market: "As long as the demand for downstream market is open, the cost problem is expected to be solved."

In fact, the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements are becoming the "Dongfeng" of biological aviation coal in the world.

In recent years, the European Union has successively introduced a series of environmental protection policies such as the "carbon emission right trading system" and "renewable energy instructions". The requirements of low -carbon have been increasing. The aviation industry is the first to be a brunt, and the demand for biological aerospace coal has become increasingly urgent.

Under the overall goal of "carbon -to -peak" and "carbon neutrality", the industrial planning of domestic biological aerospace coal has also been put on the agenda. In the "Fourteenth Five -Year Civil Aviation Green Development Special Plan", the Civil Aviation Administration of China clearly stated that sustainable aviation fuel consumption must reach 50,000 tons, and AVIC also included the application of biological aerospace coal in 2022 key tasks.

"The market prospects of biological aviation coal can refer to biological diesel." An industry insider engaged in energy and oil products said that due to environmental protection pressure, European demand for biological diesel has soared. At present, our biological diesel industry exports are quite large. According to statistics from the General Administration of Customs, the export volume of biological diesel in my country in 2021 reached 1.29 million tons, an increase of 42%year -on -year.

"The scope of aviation kerosene is narrower, and it will be more direct due to policies. It is believed that under environmental protection, this market will soon be capsule." The above -mentioned industry insiders said.

In fact, for a long time, large downstream customers such as China Eastern Airlines and HNA have been paying close attention to the biological aviation coal projects that Zhenhai refined and chemical.The first purchase order of biological aviation coal comes from Airbus Tianjin Manufacturing Center."Knowing that the Zhenhai Refinery has successfully achieved large -scale test production, we first purchased some biological aviation coal. This time, it was mainly used for debugging of aircraft engines." The relevant person in charge of the environmental affairs of the Airbus company told reporters that Biological AirlinesThe application of coal is already a market trend.

"R & D and promoting the use of biological aviation coal is both a national strategy and an international trend." The representative of Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Company and the party secretary Mo Dingge said that the virtuous cycle of the development, application, and promotion of biomass energy in the industry can not only make energy sources not only enables energy sourcesThe supply is more diverse and safer, and it will make the blue sky cleaner and the people's lives are better.In the next step, on the basis of overcome technical difficulties, Zhenhai Refining and Chemical will continue to expand the market, expand the supply chain, and build a "entire industrial chain" of biological aviation coal.

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