Scientifically introduced Sand watermelon, "long" out of the desert out of the oasis

Everyone knows that the environmental conditions of a place will affect the economic development of a place. In the desertification areas, due to bad environment, poverty is often followed by them, and what may be ignored by everyone is that poverty will further exacerbate desertification and form viciousness to form viciousness. cycle.

The scientists who were from the former Lanzhou Desert Research Institute (hereinafter referred to as the "Desert Institute", and now merged with the Northwest Ecological Environmental Resources Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) found in the long -term research process of desert governance: The cause of desertification cannot be achieved, and the fundamental recovery of desertified land cannot be achieved.

So how can we fight against the power of nature and cut off the connection between desertification and poverty?

The answer is to poverty alleviation in science and technology, and directly apply practical scientific and technological research and development results to poverty alleviation to promote the social and economic development of poverty -stricken areas. Therefore, the Nunan Desertization Research Station (hereinafter referred to as "Naiman Station") at the Chinese Academy of Sciences came into being.

Forest belt covered with green dunes

Neman Station is located in Naiman Banner in the hinterland of Korqin Sand. It is based on the cause and process of desertification. The research on the mechanism and governance technology of desertification, the monitoring of the sandy ecosystem, and the establishment of scientific popularization and agriculture and animal husbandry including graduate students, including graduate students Training.

In order to control desertification, Nazmani Station has adopted a variety of methods, such as breeding on both sides of the railway road base, and building rural forests, coquetta forests, and grass -scholaring vegetation in severe sandy areas. These measures have achieved significant results in the prevention and control of the Kenan section of the Beijing -Tongliao Railway Road Road, and have been greatly recognized by local governments, railway departments and nearby residents.

In 1985, the shrubs planted by Naiman Station (Mr. Dong Shu Di, Fruit Tree Cultivation Expert) Picture Source: Wang Kangfu Photo

The results are good, but in fact, the prevention and control process must overcome many difficulties. You must know that you want to demonstrate sand control technology in the agricultural and pastoral areas, especially the breeding technology. In addition to facing the problem of serious wind and sand hazards and barren soil, you must also face professionalism. Inadequate talents, low professional skills accumulation, farmers and herdsmen have to be improved.

Dare to face the challenge is the basic literacy of scientists. With the support of this dare to face the spirit of challenging the spirit, Mr. Wang Kangfu, the head of the old station, led the researchers in the station to choose the Yaolidumi Village 5 kilometers away from Naiman Station as a demonstration village.

Initially, it was difficult to carry out work. In order to open the situation, Naiman Station first carried out demonstrations of sand governance demonstrations mainly in sandy dunes in the demonstration village, that is, tall flowing sand dunes.

In accordance with the arrangements of scientific researchers, the villagers planted the sand -fixed forest belts mainly based on drought -resistant, salt -resistant, and wind -resistant sandblans such as mito, Xiaoyejin Chicken, and Huangliu.

The results of the demonstration are successful!

With the growth of the forest belt, looking at the gradually turning green dunes under the coverage of the forest belt, the village cadres laughed, the villagers laughed, and the children's laughter also dragged the long Yuyou from the green bush.

In June 2021, the picture of Yaolianzi Village, the protective Lin concealment of the protective forest: Photo by Zhao Xueyong

The "Desert Village" of Guaguo Fragrance

In order to allow poverty and "desertification" to further unbind, scientists come up with the way to improve the living standards of villagers to mobilize everyone to participate in the method of desertification and adjust the land use method.

With the support of this idea, Nazmann chose the most desertified Yaolidumida Village as a demonstration village, and carried out a series of poverty alleviation demonstrations for increasing production and efficiency of breeding industries, including new varieties of wheat, corn, fruits and vegetables and fruits and vegetables. Water, fertilizer, grass and crop management.

The poverty alleviation demonstration work selected three villagers in the demonstration village as a demonstration household, which is suitable for sandy soil, drought climate, high yield, and local P2 watermelon as the starting point (introduced from Lanzhou, also known as Jinhuabao), and carry out. The garden -based watermelon planting technology test and demonstration, including vegetable introduction technology and fruit tree management.

Researchers know that the villagers are looking forward to a good life, and they also want to do some useful things on the station, bringing the villagers with some fruits of "golden flowers" and hopeful results. In such ardent expectations, at the end of the year, the per capita income of the demonstration households exceeded 1,000 yuan.

This was a "sky" news that belonged to the remote countryside of the Nunan flags that belonged to a national poverty -stricken county at that time. In winter, the Nunan Banner and the government set up a watermelon office to specifically responsible for guiding, supervising and serving the whole flag of watermelon planting. The following year, most of the farmers of Yaolidumidu Village planted watermelons and gained a lot.

After the harvest of 1984, the Shawa Watermelon (from right from right, Zhao Cunyu, Shi Laicheng, and Professor Jiang Jin) Picture Source: Wang Kangfu Photo

Due to the proper selection of varieties, the soil and the climate are appropriate, the water and fertilizer management science, the quality of watermelon is also superior: thin skin, red red, crispy, less seeds, sweet mouth.

The Shawan watermelon in Naiman Banner not only occupied the market in Tongliao City and Chifeng City, but also exported to Liaoning, Jilin and Beijing. It is said that the demonstration households are invited to the field in neighboring areas, and they directly teach watermelon planting. From selection, seed treatment to seedlings and field management, they are almost full chain.

In the local area, as long as the watermelon of the Naiman flag is listed, the watermelon in the field must be delisted. So that Nonan Station has become the "brand" of villagers and melon merchants. If someone asks melon merchants or villagers: "How is your watermelon quality?" Many melon merchants or villagers will tell them: "No problem, our cultivation technology and variety selection are supported by the Desert Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences."

In addition, Naiman Station also cited more than 30 fruits, vegetables and grain varieties, and most of them succeeded. Coupled with the implementation of major national ecological projects, Corqin Sand has become the first place in my country to realize the "regional land desertification overall reversal". Not only that, Naiman Station has also won the "Rescue of the Land of Land of Land in the Drought Area" issued by the United Nations in 1997. one.

In the years, watermelon is already two or thirty years ago. There are too many researchers on the land of Korqin Sands left them. Because there are scientific researchers, the support of the country, and the action of the people can we dance with the sand with the sand, dance out the green of "Manyuan", dance out the harmony of the mountains and rivers of the landscape, the mountains of the lake, the mountains and the mountains of the motherland A piece of splendid.

Produced: Popular Science China

Production: Zhao Xueyong (the Institute of Ecological and Environmental Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Producer: China Science Popularization Expo

Edit: Wang Tingting

references

1. Editor -in -chief of Zhao Harin, Zhao Xueyong, Zhang Tonghui, and Wu Wei. In 2003, the "Corin Sands Desertification process and its recovery mechanism", Beijing, Marine Press.

2. Cui Jianyuan, Zhang Tonghui, 1999, the impact of different nitrogen applies on the ears and output of the sandy wheat strain in sandyland, China Desert, 19 (SUPP.1): 96-98.

3. Zhao Xueyong, Zhang Tonghui, Zhang Zhijian, 1999, the dynamic linear analysis of the nutritional elements in the residue of the sandy wheat withered residue, the Chinese Desert, 19 (SUPP.1): 100-102.

4. Wang Kangfu, in 1989, a preliminary study of comprehensive rectification of desertification land in the Nunan area of ​​Korqin in Inner Mongolia. Chinese Desert: 34-38.

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