Nearly 70 % of Jinan High School Graduates joined the epidemic situation of SMEs.

In order to understand the employment of graduates of higher vocational colleges in the background of the epidemic and expansion, the Jinan Investigation Team of the State Bureau of Statistics recently conducted a topic of 39 companies from 300 colleges and universities in Jinan, 300 fresh college graduates of the current high vocational graduates of 2022 Investigation. The survey results show that the direct employment and education of graduates of Jinan Higher Vocational College accounted for a lot of direct employment and academic qualifications. The employment situation is generally severe. Promoting the smooth employment of graduates of higher vocational colleges requires the "four -way" force of political schools and enterprises.

Over 60 % of graduates choose to employment directly, small and medium -sized enterprises are the channels for owners

The survey shows that 63.3%of students who are interviewed with higher vocational graduates consider direct employment. Due to their academic panic or the improvement of their own academic qualifications, graduates have obvious intentions to choose their careers, and they intend to study 20.6%of undergraduates, and 16.1%of students who consider independent entrepreneurship.

Occupation choices are a process that graduates choose their occupations based on their professional expectations and interests with their own abilities to make their own quality and professional needs characteristics. This process is a very realistic and responding for higher vocational graduates. Although the fresh graduates of higher vocational colleges are regarded as "blue -collar" reserve forces, the survey shows that students who look forward to private or private enterprises are only 34.3%, and they look forward to the employment agencies and public institutions (26.9%) and state -owned enterprises (30.6% ) It is the expectation unit of most graduates.

According to the results of the survey, most of the work units in the final graduates of higher vocational colleges are mainly private enterprises, private enterprises and three -funded enterprises, accounting for 75.0%. The investigation shows that 68.0%of small and medium -sized work units with employment of graduates with less than 500 people are mainly small and medium -sized enterprises. Private enterprises, private enterprises, and three -funded enterprises are the main channels for employment of graduates from higher vocational colleges in Jinan in recent years. From the perspective of the employment type of graduates in 2021, private and private enterprise employment graduates account for 85.7%, and the proportion of institutions and institutions (0.2%) and state -owned enterprises (5.7%) can be ignored.

In addition, the salary expectations of both parties to employment and demand are expected. The survey shows that salary is one of the most important reference factors for employment of higher vocational graduates. 52.5%of graduates believe that the salary of personal level and ability is 3,000-6000 yuan per month. 5000 yuan/month. Through the person in charge or supervisor of many recruitment companies, according to the gap between graduates' majors and skills, the monthly salary of newly enrolled high-vocational graduates in Jinan is generally around 2500-4500 yuan. Yuan/month. How to obtain a balance point between the median salary that the company is willing to pay and the expected mid -month salary income of graduates, and the supply and demand parties need to communicate effectively.

In encountering the impact of academic qualifications, nearly 20 % of the higher vocational graduates were affected by the affected situation and failed to find a job

The survey shows that 74.4%of the fresh graduates planned to recruit are mainly concentrated in the "University Bulletin" and "Master's Graduate Students", accounting for 57.9%and 37.6%respectively. Compared with May 2021, undergraduate demand rose 6.9%; The demand for "graduate students" rose 2.6%. The proportion of employment discrimination during the job search process was 23.1%during the job search process. The main types of discrimination were academic level (80.3%), followed by work experience (61.4%) and graduate colleges (26.3%).

Dual factors of high -vocational enrollment and epidemics have multiple frequent factors, which brings continuous negative impacts on employment. The survey showed that 16.9%of the vocational graduates were not found to find a job due to the impact of the epidemic. There are 142 graduates in the accounting major of a vocational college, 47 (33.1%) signed an employment agreement in April, and 95 people (66.9%) without signing. Among the 71 students who did not sign the contract, 71 people (74.7%), and 21 people (22.1%) were unable to find a job due to the epidemic. Statistics statistics from the employment implementation of a vocational college in Jinan showed that the overall employment implementation rate of the school was 20.7%, and the professional majors were construction engineering categories (38.2%) and design art (31.8%).

61.9%of graduates send resumes through network recruitment channels. For employment supply and demand, online recruitment has reduced recruitment costs, but at the same time, the virtuality of the network increases the screening and screening costs of job seekers. For enterprises, for comprehensive evaluation considerations, online recruitment is mainly used to complete the needs of "preliminary" collection. When admitting key positions, it is still based on offline recruitment and inspection. As far as students are concerned, for the internship units I want to stay, they are likely to lengthen job time because of the epidemic or business reasons, or increase the risk of opportunities, and even lose the opportunity to enter the job.

During the prevention and control of the epidemic, most schools adopt a "closed management" model, resulting in low communication efficiency between the school and the higher vocational graduates, and cannot accurately grasp the employment dynamics and needs of students. The survey shows that 45.0%of graduates know the situation of employment policies that are more vague and cannot accurately understand relevant policies. Looking forward to the three points: first, look forward to strengthening higher vocational colleges to strengthen contact with the enterprise, the other is to provide accurate recruitment information (63.3%), and the third is to strengthen the communication and guidance of the individual of higher vocational graduates (57.3%), and the fourth is that Looking forward to improving the professional knowledge and ability of employment instructor (54.7%).

It is suggested that political schools and enterprises "all directions" strengthen joint efforts and deepen the school -enterprise cooperation training system Aiming at the problems encountered by the employment of fresh graduates of higher vocational colleges. Essence The school conducts job training and social practice activities with well -known enterprises, and adheres to market -oriented to broaden employment channels. First, we must adapt to the needs of enterprises by adjusting professional courses. Second, at the beginning of the school gate, you should directly enter the corporate customization path, so as to achieve seamless docking during the switching of schools and enterprises.

At the same time, graduates must properly plan their own choices. Higher vocational graduates should rationally analyze their own status and current employment situation, and choose their own career planning to choose to continue to build or work directly or directly employment. Continuing sinking will delay employment, but at the same time, it will also lose a certain opportunity cost. According to the results of the survey, students who followed their employment two years ago to delay employment two years ago, they faced the current employment situation even more severe than 2020.

Enterprises should establish the concept of "adaptation for candidates". Enterprises must overcome the "academic theory", and they cannot simply believe that master's degree, such as undergraduate and undergraduate, must be better than higher vocational. On the one hand, enterprises must change their concepts, provide equal employment opportunities for higher vocational students and undergraduates, and judge with quality and abilities; on the other hand, we must adhere to "quantity is to move" and change the "one -size -fits knife" of blind worship of academic qualifications, The comprehensive consideration of the selection of positions should be combined with indicators such as working ability, nature and education level.

In addition, it is necessary to create a good entrepreneurial atmosphere of graduates, strive to create fertile entrepreneurial soil, and strengthen innovation guidance in funding support and platform services. It is necessary to use innovation and entrepreneurship as an important breakthrough in the transformation of ability training and employment thinking, improve the entrepreneurial education system, study and develop entrepreneurial courses, enrich students' entrepreneurial thinking, and improve the enthusiasm and entrepreneurial ability of college students.

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