The implementation of the labor education course must be "real" kung fu

【Ideology Exchange】

In September, Jinqiu started, and the "Compulsory Education Labor Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition)" began to be implemented. Labor courses have officially become an independent course in primary and secondary schools, marking a new stage in which my country ’s labor education has entered the curriculum standards to lead high -quality development. In order to ensure the implementation of the standards of compulsory education, we need to further strengthen the implementation of labor curriculum implementation and work hard on the "real".

1. Curriculum implementation goals should be "real"

Adhering to the goal orientation is the basic principle of the standard formulation of compulsory education curriculum, and it is also an important principle to ensure the implementation of curriculum standards. In the implementation of the previous labor education courses, we see that some teachers will not set the goals of the course implementation, or do not know how to set the course goals of labor education. Small and narrow, some directly regard the work content as the course implementation goals, causing labor classes to be like a ship without targets, where to go.

To ensure that the standards of compulsory education and labor curriculum are implemented, we must adhere to the target orientation, effectively enhance the awareness of the course goals, and deeply grasp the connotation of the course goals. On the premise of following the overall goals of the labor course and the specific training goals of each segment, System analysis, careful design, and implementation of "precise drip irrigation". From the design, project arrangement, process guidance of the labor course, to the setting of the labor week, we must ensure that there are specific curriculum goals to avoid general, empty and single. For example, in the design of the labor course, it is necessary to formulate a clear and clear project goal, and select the appropriate project content, determine the labor field, clarify the project process, and refine operation methods under the goal leadership. In the design of the Labor Week, we must also pay attention to the leadership of the course goal. In the continuous advancement of labor tasks, it fully reflects the cultivation of labor values ​​and the cultivation of the spirit of labor, and ensure that students reach target requirements after completing the study of staged labor courses.

2. The content of the course implementation should be "real"

Based on the establishment of the course goal, the compulsory education and labor curriculum standard proposed a systematic curriculum content structure, which not only clarified the "why teaching", but also emphasized "what to teach" and "to what extent." Focusing on daily life labor, production labor and service labor, the content of the labor course has set up a total of cleaning and hygiene, organizing and storage, cooking and nutrition, home appliances, agricultural production labor, traditional process production, industrial production labor, new technologies, new technologies Experience and application, modern service industry labor, public welfare labor and volunteer services, including ten task groups, each task group consists of several projects. In response to each segment and each task group, the curriculum standards propose clear "content requirements", "literacy performance" and "activity suggestions".

To ensure the implementation of compulsory education and labor curriculum standards, it is necessary to accurately develop and work hard on the content of the course implementation. First, we must pay attention to the serialization of the content of the labor course, and emphasize that the projects and tasks are gradual, associated with each other, and supporting each other. They can not only follow the natural order of labor implementation, but also determine labor content and break down labor tasks in accordance with the theme of labor. Second, we must pay attention to the comprehensiveization of the content of the labor course. We must pay attention to organically integrating labor practice with other courses. We must also focus on covering multiple task groups to guide students to use the knowledge and skills to solve practical problems. Third, we must pay attention to the scientificization of the content of the labor curriculum, reflect the labor intensity and difficulty that compatible with the school segment, and consider the rationality of class and content arrangements. In the connection of labor content, the three major categories: three major categories of daily life, production labor, and service labor are divided into four sections of grades 1 to 2, grades 3 to 4, 5-6, and 7-9. - Complex -Comprehensive "gradually improves the difficulty of content. Fourth, we must pay attention to the diverse content of the labor course and enrich the form of labor education as much as possible, such as the practice of labor projects, skill competitions, model workers' lecture halls, and professional experience.

3. Curriculum implementation teachers must be "real"

Teachers are the key to high -quality implementation of labor courses. In response to the rich content of labor curriculum, wide area, open and dispersed venues, diverse sources of teachers, and flexible guidance methods. The curriculum standards have put forward high standards and strict requirements for the development of labor curriculum teaching and professional development.

The first is to carry out professional training of labor curriculum teaching and research officers, requiring teaching and research institutions at all levels to be equipped with full -time teaching and research officers of labor courses, and strengthen professional training and guidance, work support and inspections of teaching and researchers, improve teaching research and professional leadership in teaching and researchers. Ability, improve the pertinence and effectiveness of teaching and research work, and timely solve the focus and difficult problems in the implementation of the curriculum.

The second is to carry out professional training for teachers of labor courses. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the professional literacy learning of teachers, so that they can in -depth understanding of the unique educating value, curriculum concept and core literacy connotation of labor curriculum, and improve the teacher's own labor skills and the professional level of labor curriculum teaching. On the other hand, we must organize a variety of curriculum teaching and training, so that teachers can fully grasp the content structure and curriculum content requirements of the labor course, master the requirements of students' labor literacy in different sections, clarify the key points, difficulties and key points of teaching, which can be based on labor course goals and the goals and the goals of the labor curriculum and Content requirements, reasonable planning and designing labor projects, organizational and guiding labor practice processes, formulating curriculum evaluation programs, etc., and continuously improve teachers' curriculum planning, organization and implementation capabilities.

4. Evaluation of course implementation effects should be "real"

Curriculum evaluation is of great significance for promoting the achievement of labor course goals and ensuring the implementation of labor education. In response to the lack of evaluation content and evaluation methods in the past, the phenomenon of effective evaluation of the implementation of labor courses cannot be effectively evaluated. Comprehensive evaluation in stage. Curriculum evaluation is guided by core literacy to give full play to the feedback, diagnosis and promotion functions of students' development and teacher teaching arrangements, and evaluate the overall and systematically. For this reason, the various evaluation methods should be adopted to run the usual performance evaluation and stage comprehensive evaluation throughout the implementation of the labor course. The level of labor quality. For example, for specific labor learning and practice, daily labor can be evaluated with labor lists, production labor forms, and service -oriented labor with labor file bags. In the stage of comprehensive evaluation, the content of labor class evaluation should be set up according to the age characteristics and training goals of the student. For example, grades 1 to 2 focus on evaluating the establishment of students' labor awareness and the mastery of individual daily life skills; grades 3 to 6 focus on evaluating the concept of labor, the development of labor habits, and the mastery of basic labor skills; Improvement, the formation of labor quality, and the cultivation of the spirit of labor, as well as the formation of design capabilities and teamwork capabilities. We must pay attention to the evaluation of the course implementation effects, not only pay attention to the combination of processed evaluation and results evaluation, but also give full play to the role of diverse evaluations such as teachers, parents and students, give full play to the feedback improvement function of the evaluation, and through the positive guidance of the evaluation. Promote the realization of the value of labor education and education.

5. Curriculum implementation protection must be "real"

Implement the goal of labor curriculum, promote the implementation of the content of the labor course, and ensure that the implementation of the standard of labor curriculum requires a solid system guarantee. In particular, the development of labor curriculum resources, labor time and space expansion, comprehensive deployment needs to be carried out, focusing on overall planning, collaboration and connection in all aspects. For example, in the connection of labor space, we must further explore and study the systematic cooperation structure of the "Family-School-Society", promote the "home-school school" labor collaboration education, and promote the effective integration of labor education for the whole society. In the development of curriculum resources, school venues, facilities and environment are the most basic resources for the implementation of labor courses. The school should build the necessary labor practice room in accordance with the content structure and implementation needs of the labor course. This is an important guarantee for the implementation of the school's labor course. Social labor practice base is an expansion resources for the implementation of labor courses, and it is an important guarantee for activities such as industrial labor, agricultural labor and labor week. In the current construction of "digital China" and the implementation of the "National Digital Education Strategy Action", local education administrative departments and schools also need to strengthen the development and utilization of digital resources of labor courses. It is necessary to make full use of information technology to strengthen the construction of digital curriculum resources, and scientifically use modern information technology such as big data, cloud platforms, and the Internet of Things to comprehensively help and ensure the implementation of labor courses.

In addition, it is necessary to establish a "real" work of the labor security guarantee system that has paid comprehensive safety education and management. In the principle of safety and moderation, reasonably arrange the strength and duration of labor tasks, formulate detailed and scientific operating specifications in terms of facilities selection, material selection, tools and protection supplies, and activity processes, and strengthen each position in the labor process in the labor process Management, clarifying the responsibilities of all parties, and preventing problems before they occur. It is necessary to strengthen the labor safety education of teachers and students, strengthen the learning of students 'labor safety knowledge, establish a sense of labor risk, improve emergency treatment capabilities, and cultivate students' safety judgments of site facilities, safety operations in labor practice, and safety implementation of labor implementation. Basic capabilities in protection and other aspects. It is necessary to scientifically evaluate the safety risks of labor practice activities, formulate risk prevention and control plans, and improve the emergency and accident handling mechanism.

The implementation of nine points in one point to ensure that the standards for compulsory education and labor curriculum are implemented in detail. We must strengthen the management of labor curriculum implementation, and "real" kung fu in the aspects of course goals, curriculum content, teacher strength, effect evaluation, and security system Time Labor Education has opened a new journey of high -quality development under the guidance of curriculum standards.

(Author: Wang Xiaoyan, the director and researcher of the Institute of Labor and Social Practice Education of the Chinese Academy of Education and Science)

【Edit: Chen Wentao】

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