Chen Xiaoping, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: 5 questions to torture medical education

Physician News (Yang Ruijing, a reporter from Rong Media) "The blind trial rate of the eight -year medical students in some well -known colleges and universities in China is not satisfactory, and students cannot graduate with great pressure. (We) find the cause and solve the problem as soon as possible."

Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honorary Dean of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Chen Xiaoping, director of the Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, bluntly pointed out that there is still room for improvement in the effect and quality of medical education in the past. reform.

Recently, Chen Xiaoping published the article "Several Issues worth thinking about today" in "Medical and Society". In his opinion, with the development of science and technology, such as the application of artificial intelligence in the medical field, medical education must need to be in the field of medical education. Continuously add new content and adopt new forms to adapt to the development of the times.

High -quality medical systems and high -quality medical education are inseparable. Specifically, how to set up a academic system, how to view the name of "new medical science", how to teach, how to write textbooks ... In response to the above issues, Chen Xiaoping made suggestions for improving my country's medical education based on the experience of more than 50 years of medical education.

How many years do medical education?

The setting of clinical medical system was slightly chaotic.

The setting of the 2004 academic system can be described as "Haina Baichuan". According to Chen Xiaoping, there were academic systems such as one year, two -year, three -year system, four -year system, four -year system, five -year system, six -year system, seven -year system, and eight -year system. This year, the Ministry of Education organized relevant experts to discuss the clinical medical system and proposed the nine -year and twelve -year medical science. Reach the level of newly promoted deputy chief physician. This proposal was questioned by a group of old experts such as Wu Jieping, Qiu Fazu, Wu Mengchao, and Chen Yizhu. In their opinion, no matter how many years, the clinical ability of medical students trained by the school cannot directly reach the attending physician and above.

The final meeting decided: Medical education is the main body of five -year undergraduate. The eight -year -old system is first tried in 8 schools to cancel other academic systems in clinical medicine.

In response to the "8+3" proposed recently, Chen Xiaoping bluntly said that this is not a good plan. "First of all, it cannot achieve the expected results. No good clinicians are cultivated during the study.

Do you want to propose "new medical science"? Bleak

If the medical category should be added, Chen Xiaoping believes that it should be "Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (New Medicine)".

There are only two categories of medicine: one is local Chinese medicine, with thousands of years of history; the other is medicine from the West, which is modern medicine, also known as Western medicine, which has a history of about 200 years. According to Chen Xiaoping's understanding, the "new medical" that is currently discussed is essentially the category of western medicine.

On the issue of the names of new medical sciences, new engineering, and new agriculture, Chen Xiaoping has consulted the views of 32 academicians and presidents of the college. Among them, 19 people opposed the use of this type of name. The reasons mentioned that the proposal of this new term is no inheritance, and everything is developed in inheritance to inherit. A new intention is called another stove. It is also reasonable to mention that medical and engineering have never been unchanged, but constantly innovating. How do you need the word "new"?

How to do medical teaching?

From Chen Xiaoping's schooling experience, we may find a reference for the medical teaching model.

In the early 1970s, the academic system should be shortened in the education reform. The five -year medical undergraduate was compressed to three -year or two -year system, so some courses must be reorganized. For example, the biochemical, physiological and pathological merger co -class, local anatomy and surgery cooperation together, teachers collectively prepare lessons. In this way, teachers who teach local anatomy also teach surgery, and surgery teachers also teach local anatomy.

This is equivalent to the current "integrated teaching".

At the time, Chen Xiaoping experienced "opening the door", that is, teachers and students went to the countryside, troops, industrial and mining enterprises and other places.

This is a typical "case -centered teaching method".

The teacher will ask the students to ask the students during each teaching room. If the students cannot answer, the teacher will give guidance and inspiration.

This is similar to the current "PBL problem -oriented teaching method".

"Integrating teaching, case -centered teaching methods and PBL problem -oriented teaching methods are not innovative, and I have done it before." Chen Xiaoping mentioned that what we should do now is to further promote the teaching method on the original basis And the promotion.

When mentioning how to achieve a good teaching effect, Chen Xiaoping summarizes three points: First, a good teacher must master a certain breadth and depth of teaching content, rich teaching experience, and willing to teach students with the heart; second, good is good Students are willing to learn and learn with heart; the third is a good textbook.

What is a good medical textbook?

Whether the publisher has the ability to publish medical textbooks, there is no uniform qualification review standard in China.

Chen Xiaoping observed that some publishers actively invited a large number of experts to write textbooks that the conditions for participating in writing textbooks must use the textbooks of the publisher. Chen Xiaoping does not agree with this practice.

It is undeniable that more and more experts, professors, and dean secretary are actively applying to be the editor -in -chief or editorial board of the textbooks. Chen Xiaoping believes that this is a good phenomenon, but there are some problems at the same time -some experts are not responsible for letting them be responsible, letting some experts be responsible for it, so that they are not responsible for it, letting it, letting it allows them to let it. Students or assistants write on behalf of them. Some experts are serious but limited, and some experts are neither level nor serious. He also pointed out that the words of textbooks should be rigorous and standardized. For example, the term "gold standard" is not suitable for medical textbooks. The question, if we do not strictly control the textbooks, it will affect the inheritance of Chinese culture. "

How to achieve cultural self -confidence?

Chen Xiaoping believes that the phenomenon of unconfident culture in the medical community is more serious.

For example, the current "accelerated rehabilitation surgery" mentioned by the medical community should be called the concept of "accelerated postoperative rehabilitation". Symptoms, early recovery to reduce medical expenses. This is the concept of European in 1993.

However, as early as 1966, Qiu Fazu mentioned the term "two minus and one guarantee" in an article published by the Chinese Surgery Magazine, proposing to reduce the pain after surgery, reduce the burden on patients and the country, and ensure the quality of medical treatment.

Eras is consistent with the concept of "two minus and one guarantee", but no one in China talks about "two minus and one guarantee", but talks about ERAS.

Coincidentally, the concepts such as "individual chemical medicine" and "precision medicine" talked about by the medical community are currently the same as the concept of "syndrome differentiation, same diseases, and different diseases" of Chinese medicine.

Chen Xiaoping advocates studying from the field of aerospace in the field of medical fields. The same engineering technology or project, the United States has GPS, China has Beidou satellite navigation; the United States has the "Apollo Plan", and China has the "Chang'e Project" ... "These truly reflect cultural self -confidence and can reflect the 6000 -year history of the Chinese nation. The cultural heritage. "

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Capture/Edit: Yang Ruijing

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