Nine -valent HPV vaccine expansion to 9 ~ 45 -year -old woman

On August 30, the official public account of Merck China announced that its nine -valent papilloma virus vaccine (brewing yeast) (hereinafter referred to as "nine -valent HPV vaccine") has been approved by the National Drug Administration of China. This time, this time, this time, this time, this time, this time Applicable people who have marked Merck's nine-valent HPV vaccine have also expanded to women 9-45 years old.

According to Merck China, the nine -valent HPV vaccine uses a three -dose immunization program, which is suitable for preventing HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 cervical cancer; HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 33, 455 , 52 and 58 types of cervical epithelium internal tumor -like lesions (CIN1/2/3) and cervical glandular cancer (AIS); and HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 33, 45, 52, and 58 type 58 Bow | Continuous infection.

Earlier, the applicable age of the Nine-valent HPV vaccine in China was 16-26.

HPV vaccine should be vaccinated as soon as possible

Cervical cancer is one of the common gynecological malignant tumors.

In 2021, ICO/IARC's HPV and related diseases in China show that in 2020, among women aged 15-44 in China, the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer ranked third in female tumors.

The human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the main risk factors that induce cervical cancer.

In China, about 98%of cervical cancer is caused by high -risk HPV. HPV16 and 18 are high -risk HPVs widely popular globally.

However, an epidemiological study that summarizes 1.7 million women's HPV infection in China shows that the most vulnerable HPVs that women in China are most susceptible to infection are HPVA16, 52, and 58, respectively.

HPV vaccine is currently the only vaccine that can effectively prevent cancer.

According to the WHO's initiative, women in vaccination with HPV vaccines before the initial behavior are the best way to prevent cervical cancer. In the early stage of youth, 9 to 14 years old is the best age of HPV vaccine.

At present, my country's HPV vaccine is divided into imported two -valent, four -valent, nine -priced and domestic second -prices.

The "price" represents the type of virus that can be prevented by vaccine. The higher the "price", the more types of viruses that can prevent.

Zhou Yanyan, deputy chief physician of the obstetrics and gynecology department of Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, introduced that there are more than 100 sub -types in HPV viruses. Even if the nine -valent vaccine cannot be used, it cannot be "all available".

If the purpose of preventing cervical cancer, the binary HPV vaccine can fully meet the needs.

"The earlier the age of women, the better the HPV vaccine, and the better the HPV vaccine in vaccination. In the process of waiting, miss the best vaccination period, but it will be lost. Choose the existing vaccine. You can continue to choose a high -priced vaccine for vaccination. "Zhou Yanyan reminded.

HPV infection does not necessarily get cervical cancer

Many women have said that because they are less than about nine -valent HPV vaccine, they fall into the emotion of "vaccine anxiety", fearing that they will not suffer from cervical cancer due to vaccination.

Zhou Yanyan said that even if HPV was infected, it would not necessarily get cervical cancer, and everyone didn't have to panic.

HPV is mainly located on the skin and mucous membranes. There are many types, which are mainly divided into low -risk and high -risk types.

Infected low -risk HPVs can cause "warts" or inflammation on the surface of reproductive organs.

Infected with high -risk HPVs. If the infection exists for a long time, it may lead to hyperplasia of abnormal cells on the surface of the cervix, which will cause cervical cancer or other reproductive organs.

But infected with high -risk HPVs, cervical cancer may not necessarily get cervical cancer.

Although the two have a strong causal relationship, they can only cause cervical cancer only for long -term and continuous contact with HPV.

The process of high -risk HPV carcinogenia will go through a process of HPV infection, continuous infection, pre -cancer lesions, and developing into cancer. It usually takes several years to ten years.

During this period, even if the high -risk HPV is infected, it may heal itself within 8 months to 2 years, and it can be used to remove the infection by treatment.

Hot issues

What is the difference between two -valent, four -valent, nine -valent HPV vaccine? What should I choose?

The binary HPV vaccine is suitable for women between 9 and 45. The vaccine can prevent HPV16 and HPV18 high -risk virus subtypes. These two subtypes account for more than 70%of all HPV subtypes that cause cervical cancer. Prevention capabilities can be as high as 84%.

The quadrilateral HPV vaccine is suitable for women aged 20 to 45. Its prevention range is based on HPV16 and HPV18, adding two low -risk subtypes of HPV6 and HPV11.

The two new HPV subtypes can cause the lesions of the permids and lower vaginal skin and lower vagina, and the lesions of flat arteries warts, and the low -degree cervical epithelial tumor -like changes, which will also cause damage to human health.

Tetravalent vaccines can not only prevent or reduce the risk of cervical cancer, but also prevent common sexually transmitted diseases and skin diseases, and have a wider prevention effect.

The nine -valent HPV vaccine prevention scope is based on four -valent vaccine, and has added five HPV31, HPV33, HPV45, HPV52 and HPV58 high -risk sub -types.

苗 How many times do cervical cancer vaccines need to be vaccinated?

A dose of two -valent, four -valent, and nine -valent vaccine needs to be vaccinated.

Among them, two -valent vaccine vaccine is recommended to take 1 dose during the 0, January and June, and the nine -valent vaccine is recommended to take 1 dose during the 0, 2 and June. No need to start vaccination without any needle, and continue to complete the subsequent vaccination.

The vaccination method is internal injection of the muscle, and the first vaccination site is the upper arm deltoid muscle.

If a serious allergic reaction occurs after the vaccination, it is recommended to consult a doctor if you can continue to vaccinate. Generally, severe allergies are not recommended to be vaccinated again.

What should I do if I am going to get pregnant during vaccination?

These two vaccines should be avoided during pregnancy. If women are or prepare for pregnancy, it is recommended to postpone or interrupt the vaccination procedures, and then vaccinate after the end of pregnancy.

In addition, vaccines can be secreted by breast milk, and women with breastfeeding should be cautious when vaccination.

Here, we remind everyone: Women who are preparing for pregnancy within half a year, pregnant or lactating women should not be vaccinated first!

What are the symptoms of vaccination after vaccination?

After vaccination, fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache, diarrhea, allergies, cough, nausea, vomiting, etc. may occur. Local pain, erythema, swelling, hardship, itching, etc.

Most of these symptoms can be relieved in the short term, and those who cannot relieve them should go to the hospital in time.

Is it "good things" after the vaccine?

Vaccine vaccination cannot replace conventional cervical cancer screening, nor can it replace other measures to prevent HPV infection and sexually transmitted diseases.

There are many viruses related to cervical cancer, so after vaccination with two -valent, quadrilateral and nine -valent vaccines, it can only prevent 90%of the incidence of cervical cancer. In addition, there are other types of HPVs that cause cervical cancer.

Therefore, routine cervical cancer screening is still extremely important.

Source: Dahe Health News Comprehensive

- END -