"Salvation" must have the intention and the law around the side | Experts call for the first aid knowledge to be listed as a lifelong education for the whole people

Physician News (Rong Media Reporter Yin Yan Zhang Yuhui's apprenticeship reporter Yang Ruijing) Since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, the majority of medical personnel have faced the difficulties and made countless people feel the greatness of the doctor. Outside of the epidemic, the story of saving the wounded in the hospital and outside the hospital is staged every day.

From August 19th to September 18th, taking the fifth Chinese Physician's Day as an opportunity, the Physician Newspaper launched a special offerings of Physician Day- "Healthy China, you and I have caring for life 'to save" — Subway linkage theme public welfare activities. The activity is directed by the Office of the Health China Action Promotion Committee. The medical newspaper, the China Medical and Health Development Foundation, the China Medical and Health and Culture Association, and the China Health Promotion and Education Association are hosted to let a wider range of people understand medical care and doctors.

On the occasion of the 23rd "World First Aid Day", on September 2nd, the "Medical Daily" joined hands with Sina@Toutiao News to invite the theme of "Caring for Life 'Save" and invited the Department of Cardiovascular Department of the Third Hospital of Peking University. Professor Tang Yida, Professor Jia Dacheng, senior emergency expert of the Beijing First Aid Center, and Professor Xing Jihong, the Department of Emergency Internal Medicine of the First Hospital of Jilin University, talked about the things "'Rescue'". The Lianmai live broadcast was chaired by Zhang Yanping, executive president and editor -in -chief of the "Medical Daily".

"Salvation 'beside me" requires an enthusiastic intestine

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Zhang Yanping: Good Tang! Last month, you just got hot search because you rescued a hypertensive emergency patient on the high -speed rail. As an expert in cardiovascular internal medicine, how do you understand "caring for life 'savings' is around"?

Tang Meida: "Caring for life 'saving' is around." I especially like these eight words. Caring for life, emphasizing that it is not "saving and not rescue", but to "save", because one of the key points of first aid is "treatment nearby." In fact, no matter whether it is a medical professionals, everyone must understand first aid knowledge and important operation methods, including trachea foreign body obstruction emergency rescue, cardiac arrest emergency treatment, etc.

The first thing to do is to observe the patient's life signs, that is, check the patient's heartbeat state through the heart or carotid artery, and view its pulse. If you can touch the regular heart beating, the rescuer should not worry too much. Conversely, if the patient's heart beating is not obvious or too fast, the rescuer must find a way to help him quickly return to normal heartbeat.

If you have a life, you can go to the hospital. If you can't touch the patient's regular heart beating, there is not much time for rescue. Rescuers should take effective measures in time to strive for the continuation of life. Specifically, there are two ways to restore heartbeats, even with AED defibrillation and CPR.

In addition, "Caring for Life 'Salvation" is not only needed for first aid knowledge and skills, but also people's "enthusiastic intestines." I think there are more people who are willing to help each other in society. When you see patients falling to the ground, try to help as much as possible. Essence No matter whether it is a medical profession, everyone can do it.

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Zhang Yanping: Good Director Xing! As the director of the emergency department, except for the emergency work in the hospital, have you encountered emergencies in public places outside the hospital? How to deal with it?

Xing Jihong: In EICU (EICU), patients are staged every day due to cardiac arrest. The deeds of doctors and nurses on the outside of the hospital also frequently see the newspaper. The daily experience of emergency medical care is more than media reports. Even the plot in film and television works is even more thrilling.

One night in March 2021, a pair of Li couples who lived in a community in Changchun City went out to walk the dog. When I walked on the 6th floor, Mr. Li suddenly twitched and lost consciousness. His wife shouted to help. I don't know. Nurse Liu (a pseudonym), who lived in the same building, heard that there were hidden people in the corridor and no hesitant. They rushed out of the house wearing pajamas and slippers. Seeing Mr. Li who fell to the ground, his complexion was stunned, and the neck arteries were touched without fighting. Nurse Liu immediately knelt on the cold cement floor for the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and 120 after 20 minutes.

After 120 medical rescue, the patient was separated from the danger of life, and the nurse Liu turned home. The cold wind in March in the northeast, even if the weather was cold even when wearing a cotton clothes, the nurse Liu in a nightdress was already tired of sweating -similar stories, every day in different areas of different cities in my country, every day was every day. occur.

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Zhang Yanping: Professor Jia is good! As a "Chinese first aid science science person", you often carry out first -aid science science on various occasions. In your opinion, what skills should rescue people have to be "rescued '" to be rescued in public places to rescue people in public places. What kind of conditions should be available?

Jia Dacheng: Most of the targets that need to be first aid are patients with "mechanical damage, physical damage, and physical injury such as mechanical injury, such as mechanical injuries, and physical damage. In response to different situations, the public should master different first aid skills. The most classic first aid skills are cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

According to statistics from the National Cardiovascular Disease Center, more than 95%of emergency and 90%of sudden death occurred outside the hospital. The golden rescue time of patients with cardiac arrest is 4 ~ 6 minutes. If no treatment is not treated within 4 to 6 minutes, the patient's brain cells will be permanently damaged due to hypoxia. More than 10 minutes, the patient will die. At present, the average emergency vehicle in Beijing arrived at the scene on average. Before the emergency personnel arrived, the people around the patients needed to immediately perform the CPR of their bare hands. In addition, the penetration rate of automatic body tremor (AED) should be further improved. The use of AED, as well as first aid skills in the state of acute myocardial infarction, airway foreign body, and major bleeding, all should learn from the public.

Ordinary people can also become the protagonist of "Salvation 'around"

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Zhang Yanping: I want to ask you on behalf of the general public. In the absence of professional rescue skills, someone encountered a sudden fall in front of him. What is the correct way?

Jia Dacheng: There are many possible reasons for "suddenly falling to the ground", but no matter what the reason, the rescuer must first judge whether the patient's consciousness is clear. If the patient is unconscious, but has a heartbeat and breathing, it can be placed in a stable side position -because after the patient loses consciousness, not only the muscles of the limbs and torso will relax, the tongue muscles will also relax, and the side lying position can be avoided. Falling behind the tongue causes pharyngeal obstruction. In addition, most patients with cerebral hemorrhage, trauma, and gas poisoning will vomit, and the side lying position can also prevent vomiting from accidentally inhaled into the trachea and cause suffocation and lung complications.

If the patient is unconscious (shot, should not be shot), no breathing (no thoracic undulating), no heartbeat (no artery no fight), you can be confirmed as a heart arrest. For non -professional people, in fact, only the patient's chest and abdomen can be observed. Because asthma, high -voltage electric shock, drowning, and newborns are breathing first, heartbeat and then stop, most patients with cardiac arrest are stopped first, breathing and then stopping. Therefore, as long as the patient does not breathe, it can be confirmed as a cardiac arrest.

What if it is confirmed to be a cardiac arrest? Do these three steps: The first step is to call the 120 emergency call immediately and take AED nearby; the second step is to perform CPR for the patient at the same time; the third step is the AED to use it. When non -professionals are doing CPR, they can only do simple chest presses and do not breathe artificially.

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Zhang Yanping: In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of sudden death, the emergency and AED use of sudden heart -derived death has gradually attached great importance to people. What can AED play? How to use it?

Jia Dacheng: Simply put, the heart of normal people is "shrinking and relaxing, contraction and diastolic". According to the latest statistics, 85%of patients will have ventricular fibrillation when the cardiac arrests are stopped, and irregular contraction occurs in the ventricular ventricular. The initial ventricular frequency can be between 300 to 600 times per minute, but the blood cannot be pumped out. The key to rescue is electrical fibrillation.

When it comes to vibration defibrillament, the first reaction of many non -professionals is in film and television works. The doctor shouted in the operating room, "Charging XX Jiao Er ... Do not touch the patient ..." Dare to operate because of fear. But in fact, the use of AED is very simple and safe. If the professional vibration instrument in the operating room is compared to a professional high -end full -frame camera, then the AED is the "fool camera" in the defibrillatter, even primary school students can use it. No matter which country, which manufacturer, and a model of AED, the method of use is similar, as long as "listen to it, do it with it".

Borrowing a sentence in the "American Cardinal Centers and Cardiovascular Responses and Cardiovascular First Aid": "The use of AED does not require training, but training can indeed improve the operation level."

In use, the first prompt of AED is to let the operator sticker the electrode. AED will automatically analyze the patient's condition. If the patient needs to be defibred, the charging will be completed within ten seconds of AED; if we put an electrode film to normal people, AED will not be charged, and there is no electricity. After that, AED will have voice prompts and lighting prompts. The operator discharge according to the prompts to make the current through the patient's heart to eliminate ventricular fibrillation and restore heartbeat.

Only when the whole people learn first aid, everyone learns CPR, and install AED everywhere can everyone benefit the country and the people, and to benefit others and self -interest.

Tang Yida: I suggest that the public "not fight without preparation", and usually take the initiative to understand what is called "cardiopulmonary resuscitation" and "vital signs", and also understand how to see breathing and how to listen to the heart and lungs.

Xing Jihong: When someone suddenly fell to the ground, the first reaction was to calm down, and called for help and dialing 120 first aid. At the same time, it is necessary to determine whether the patient's consciousness is clear and whether the touches of large arteries disappear. To ensure the quality of the compression on the bed or on the ground.

It is worth noting that when pressing the chest, pay attention to the position of the finger to avoid fracture caused by pressing the ribs. If you need to press the replacement when you press, the interval cannot exceed 10 seconds to avoid impact presses.

Most emergencies occur in front of the hospital, but they may not encounter professional first aid personnel when each person is emerging, so it is very important to learn emergency treatment.

Only the heart of rescue can be harvested in the path of medical road

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Zhang Yanping: Medical students have a certain medical knowledge, but they often dare not emergency due to insufficient ability and social pressure. So, should medical students perform first aid on patients with sudden diseases outside the hospital? Tang Meida: Medical education is the first to educate education. Education is not only to spread knowledge, but also to spread positive energy and medical spirit. The mission of the doctor is to treat the disease and save people. If the medical student does not even have the consciousness of treatment, it is difficult to become a good doctor.

I think all people studying medicine remember such a photo: more than 100 years ago, Dean Meteten and a small patient bowed to each other at more than 100 years ago (now the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College). There is also such a photo: The teacher told the students that today they are standing in an equal position and are called doctors. Doctors are treating patients.

Therefore, we must first have the idea of ​​rescue to have the strategy and method of rescue. When others encounter dilemma, whether you are studying medicine or not, you should be rescued. Whether it is a doctor or a nurse, you must have the heart of rescue in order to gain better results in the medical road.

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Zhang Yanping: Is there a spontaneous unit and individual? How long should medical staff receive training to improve first aid skills?

Jia Dacheng: There are many units of self -aid knowledge. Even if they are affected by the epidemic, we will organize at least one public welfare training every month, mainly published on social platforms. I will also hold a hundred -person lectures offline. Every time I look at the eyes that I want to learn urgently, I will be deeply encouraged.

For decades, from a single shot to the team to grow, from scratch to less, from less to more, from "asking him" to now "he begs you to teach", it is not easy for emergency training. Nowadays, the new media industry is developed, and we can also share emergency knowledge at any time. Through video methods, we can also explain first aid knowledge to the public more intuitively, making the public easier to accept.

Xing Jihong: We will organize many training every year and every month to conduct multi -hospital and first -aid related training for the auxiliary departments such as radiation, otolaryngology, clinicians, and clinicians to explain the latest first aid methods. As long as there is time, the head nurse will take the doctor to go out to carry out first -aid knowledge training, such as staff -oriented staff, community service staff, school teachers, etc. What we want is that everyone will be first aid.

Tang Yida: Medical workers must pay attention to their own health issues. Judging from the data of the Third Hospital of Peking University, in terms of regular medical examinations, medical staff attaches importance to lower than other groups. At present, the per capita life expectancy of the north and Guangzhou has been significantly extended, but the average life expectancy of medical staff is only about 70 years old. As we grow older, we must have seen or heard that friends around us have health problems. Therefore, medical workers must pay attention to their own health.

Secondly, even if medical workers have mastered first aid knowledge, they must constantly update medical knowledge and medical technology, so they need to receive training at least every three months to learn about cardiac stopping recognition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation operations, etc. Planting in the heart and paying attention to the health state around you.

Not afraid of the sky

I am most afraid of the helpless eyes of patients and family members

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Zhang Yanping: What are the changes or impacts of your career on your life? What do you know when you are a doctor?

Tang Yida: In fact, the more he studied the medicine, the more he was afraid, because the medical work was under great pressure. Everyone should believe that even if "a few mice have broken a pot of soup", most doctors must consider patients for patients. Only when medical and affected work together will achieve better results.

As the media, the greater responsibility of the "Medical Daily" may be to spread the concept of health and truly reliable medical knowledge.

Xing Jihong: After the doctor, I learned that when the doctor also had power, facing the patients who needed to be rescued, they could not have the best results.

Before the doctor, I felt that the doctor was fearless, and even the anatomical was not afraid of anything terrible; when the doctor was, he was particularly afraid of seeing the helpless eyes of the patient and his family. As a doctor, what we can do is to serve the patient's greatest efforts to serve the patients and live up to the trust of patients and family members.

Jia Dacheng: After learning the medical treatment, I understand that some professional skills can become their own skills after learning and practice. Especially after clinical practice, my perception of life is more thorough, and my thinking about death is even more profound. This is a harvest.

The doctors themselves are high -risk groups. Occupational exposure, overwork, and psychological pressure. I think that after being a doctor, I understand the importance of managing their own health. Only when I am healthy can I save more patients.

Wonderful quotation

If you want to care for life, you have to start from your side; if you want to do better, you have to start with "secondary". The so -called "secondary" is medical ethics and medical knowledge from the perspective of doctors, and from the perspective of the public, it is the idea of ​​rescue and rescue measures.

—— Tang Yida

I hope that emergency knowledge will be better popularized, so that more people have emergency rescue capabilities after encountering emergency incidents, help more people, and save more lives. I hope that everyone will be first aid. Once unexpectedly occurs, "save" around.

—— Xing Jihong

Once again, it is called on the government and the whole society to list the emergency popularization education with international perspectives as a compulsory course for life -long education, and to list emergency skills as one of the vocational skills of high -risk industries and service industries.Schools and schools at all levels must list first aid education as a compulsory course.70%of the emergencies, including cardiac arrest, occurred in the family, so each family should have at least 1-2 people learn some basic first aid skills to prepare from time to time.—— Jia Dacheng

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Capture: Guan Yanqing

Edit: Guan Yanqing

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