Great Artery -Yunnan -Vietnam Railway during the War of Resistance Against Japan

Author:Yunnan Museum Time:2022.08.31

September 3rd every year is the anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's Anti -Japanese War. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Yunnan was the rear, and its external channel was the main channel and lifeline of China's economic and social. Under the leadership of the party, the people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan insist on the Anti -Japanese War under the incentive of the Volunteer Army, and the patriotic feelings of the rise and fall of the world and the responsible patriotic feelings of the world have opened and operated the Yunnan -Vietnam railway, the Yunnan -Myanmar highway, and the hump route at a huge price. It has made important contributions to the victory of the World Anti -Fascist War. These three international channels were great arteries and lifestyles that China received international assistance, transportation strategic materials and carried out foreign trade at that time.

Yunnan -Vietnam Railway during the War of Resistance Against Japan

The Yunnan -Vietnam Railway is of great significance in modern Chinese history. It is not only one of the earliest railways in my country, but also the international railway directly connected to Southeast Asia in the southwest of my country. The 854 kilometers of the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway directly connected the sea defense between Yunnan and Vietnam.

"Great Artery -Chinese Economic and Social Lord Channel and Lifeline During the Anti -Japanese War" exhibition hall restores the scene of the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway Human Bridge

#01

At that time

During the Anti -Japanese War, Chinese weapons, gasoline, machinery, communication equipment, medical supplies and other strategic materials were basically imported from abroad. In the early days of the Anti -Japanese War, these materials were mainly entered through the southeast coastal port. On August 20, 1937, the Japanese Navy Province announced the blockade of the Chinese coast and preventing all strategic materials from entering. In October 1938, after Wuhan and Guangzhou lost their defeats, the main cities, ports and most railways in the southeast coastal cities, ports and most of the railways were reduced. Hong Kong imports must pass through the Japanese blockade. The British government succumbed to Japan's pressure and adopted embargo in Hong Kong. In November 1939, the Japanese army launched a battle of Gui Nan to cut off the Guiyue Highway. The northwest route from Gansu and Xinjiang to the Soviet Union is far away, and the amount of transportation is not large. The Yunnan -Vietnam Railway became the only international transportation line that was linked to the world's anti -fascist allies at that time.

#02

Mainland unit materials and personnel enter Yunnan through the railway

Due to the influence of the war, the industrial coastal area was severely hit. New equipment along the coast or near the front is forced to move quickly to the Mainland (western region), and quickly build a new industrial foundation to support the Chinese economy during the war. At that time, there were 11 mechanical manufacturing enterprises with a certain scale of internal movement, which were mainly distributed in Haikou Town, Majie Town, Heilinpu Town and Ziba Town. In 1938, the teachers and students of Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Nankai University moved inside. Two -thirds of teachers and students entered Yunnan by the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway and set up a few other teachers and students walking into Yunnan. Essence Due to the Mengzi of the Federal University School of Literature on the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway Line, the development of modern cultural education in southeast Yunnan is also inseparable from this railway. At the time of the burning of the fire of the anti -Japanese flames, how many kinds of people have traveled on this railway, conveying the fire of republican democracy, free and independent civilization.

Southwest Union college student dormitory

Southwest United University was bombed by Japanese planes

Southwest United Da Mengzi campus appearance

#03

Building the South Yunnan defense line, prevent the Japanese army from using the Yunnan -Vietnam railway to invade Yunnan

After the Anti -Japanese War entered the phase -owned stage, the Japanese invaders fully blocked China and cut off China to connect with overseas as an important strategic goal. From December 1939 to May 1940, the Japanese Airlines team bombed many times as the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway and cities along the Railway as an important transportation line of China. China deploys high -air cannons and high -firing machine guns at the important bridges, culverts, and stations along the railway, and places smoke screen installations next to the main bridges. On September 23, 1940, the Japanese army occupied Vietnam ’s Kuang Port and advanced to Hanoi, Langshan and other places, and also cut off Yunyue and Guiyue International Traffic Line. In order to prevent the Japanese troops from committing the north along the Yunnan -Vietnam Railway, the southern Yunnan garrison exploded the River Railway Bridge of the China -Vietnam border and demolished the railway from Hekou to more than 170 kilometers of Bisezhai. Long Yun, director of the Kunming Camp of the National Government Military Commission, requested the central government to return to the 60th Army of the Yunnan Army to strengthen the southern Yunnan defense line.