Guangdong high -quality rice won the national award again!Interview with breeder Zhou Shaochuan

From September 6th, the list of national agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery harvest awards was announced in 2019-2021. Two projects recommended by Guangdong Province to win the first prize of agricultural technology promotion achievement award, namely the "National Food and Food Gold Evaluation Award. Large -scale promotion and rice brand innovation "" new high -pathogenic bird flu vaccination and comprehensive prevention and control technology promotion and application ".

A reporter from the Southern Rural Daily learned that the "National Food Food Food and Gold Prize variety Meixiang accounted for large -scale promotion and rice brand innovation" project was led by Researcher Zhou Shaochuan, Institute of Rice Research, Institute of Rice of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Meixiang Occupy 2 is one of the most well -known high -quality conventional rice rice varieties independently cultivated in Guangdong Province. It has won the national high -quality rice food quality review award for three consecutive sessions.

The National Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Harvest Award is an agricultural technology promotion award established by the former Ministry of Agriculture in 1987. The award is for the national agricultural system and is launched every three years. Highlight the collective and individual of grades.

What is the significance behind Meixiang Occupy on the 2nd of the 2nd? How is this variety cultivated? How can a high -quality rice big product be born? To this end, a reporter from the Southern Rural Daily conducted an exclusive interview with Zhou Shaochuan.

Meixiang occupy No. 2

Meixiang accounted for the cumulative income to the rice industry by more than 10 billion yuan for the rice industry

Southern Rural Daily: Please introduce this project. What is the unique experience of Meixiangzhan No. 2?

Zhou Shaochuan: Good varieties also need strong and scientific promotion. The project to be awarded this time, we take the National Food and Food Gold Prize variety, Mei Xiang accounted for No. 2, and after more than 10 years of exploration and forming varieties as the core, the scientific research and promotion departments provide technical support. Industry -enterprise varieties linkage, a new model of industrialization promotion of varieties promotion and brand creation.

By integrating resources to promote scientific research, promotion, production, processing, product marketing and other parties, we form a joint force, adopt an expert group, conduct comparative tests, and establish a variety standardization demonstration base, training guidance, on -site observation, media publicity and other promotional measures. Successfully promoted Meixiang to achieve large -scale industrialization applications on the 2nd.

Statistics show that since 2016, Meixiang has been in the first six consecutive years of the first place in Guangdong Province. So far, it has promoted the planting and planting 26.785 million acres in Guangdong, Jiangxi, Guangxi and Hunan Province. Variety. Up to now, Meixiang accounts for large -scale promotion and application of No. 2, and has accumulated a total of 6.389 billion yuan to growers, 12.788 million yuan for species enterprises, 3.772 billion yuan for new benefits of rice enterprises, and also industrialization of high -quality rice varieties. Exploring a new way with branding has effectively promoted and led the development of the high -quality rice industry in the southern my country.

Meixiang occupies No. 2's rice with long crystal clear, rich in aroma and excellent quality.

The award -winning side of the project reflects the advantages of Guangdong rice in the country

Southern Rural Daily: What did the project award explain? What is the meaning?

Zhou Shaochuan: This is the first time that the Institute of Rice of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences has intended to win the first prize. It also reflects the advantages of Guangdong rice in the country from the side, and once again confirms the "Guangdong rice phenomenon".

For a long time, Guangdong rice breeding has had a profound impact on the whole country -leading rice dwarf breeding, the first to open high -quality rice breeding, and the results of hybrid rice breeding.国家水稻数据中心数据显示，目前在全国推广面积最大的6个籼型常规稻中，4个由广东育成，另2个含有广东品种血缘，或是“广东造”，或有“广东芯”， It is called "Guangdong Rice Phenomenon" by the industry.

In addition, on September 7th, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs released the dominant variety and main push technology of grain and oil production in 2022. Among the 19 of the 19 of the rice varieties, 10 varieties of the provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences and as the recovery department were all matched. Huang Huazhan, Jing Liang You 534, Tsuen Two Youli Silk Miao, Tsuen Youli Miao, Jing Liang You 1212, Jing Liang You 1377, Long Liang You 534, Long Liang You Hua Zhan, Quan Youhua, and Jing two Youzhan, The proportion is more than half. This also confirms the "Guangdong Rice Phenomenon".

Yunfeuling's Meixiang accounted for No. 2 planting base.

A high -quality variety can greatly drive the value -added and upgrade of rice brands

Southern Rural Daily: Guangdong is focusing on creating the "Guangdong Silk Mi Mi" brand. As the standard and control variety of Guangdong Simiao Mi, Mika accounts for the 2nd of the rice brand in our province. What are the prominent effects?

Zhou Shaochuan: The success of the project has provided reference for reference for the rice brands in Guangdong Province and even other places in China. The application of high -quality varieties in rice products can effectively increase the added value of rice. Many Guangdong Rice Factory benefits from the upgrade of the brand -driven brand driven by Meixiang No. 2. At present, Meixiangzhan No. 2 is the rice variety of the high -end brand "Yakan Rice" in Guangdong Province. The main formula of brands and "Tai Grain", "China Resources Five Feng", "Hometown" and "Gathering Garden".

Brand building is one of the most favorable efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of the industry, and the rice variety is the core support of the brand. Compared to Thailand's incense rice, Japan's Vietnam rice, and Tibasda Miidi rice in India and Pakistan, Chinese rice brands have not yet gone to the world. In recent years, in order to promote the high -quality development of the rice industry, Guangdong has focused on creating the "Guangdong Silk Miao Mi" brand, and has established more than 30 provincial -level fedling rice industrial parks throughout the province. In the future, Guangdong rice and even Chinese rice must be deeply rooted in the hearts of all consumers. A number of international ethnic rice brands will emerge. One of the most well -known rice brands in Guangdong Province, "Acei Mi", 100%uses Mika No. 2, and the price of 1kg on the e -commerce platform is as high as 79 yuan.

The birth of good varieties requires innovation and system theoretical support

Southern Rural Daily: How is Meixiangzhan No. 2 cultivated, does its successful cultivation experience, or is there a certain accident?

Zhou Shaochuan: The cultivation of a good variety is time -consuming, and it needs innovation. When we foster Meixiang Occupy No. 2, we used the unconventional breeding method of "one self -handling and two times". After experiencing high -intensity and large -scale varieties, it finally successfully stabilized the introduction of 1052 food quality and high yield related genes in the fine rice germplasm resources in the United States and Australia.

There is a general problem of large -scale quality differences in rice varieties. To this end, we introduced medium -chain starch genes during the cultivation, which fully improved the quality of rice and solved this problem. In the process of cultivating Mei Xiang occupying No. 2, we focused on choosing the "Qingzhi La Draft" when choosing seedlings. Even when the No. 2 was mature, the rice stalks of the rice can still be kept green. , Able to maintain vigorous vitality.

Recently, our team published a dissertation in "Rice Science" (editor's Note: Well -known Journal in the field of rice science), answering the questioning of "why is Mei Xiangzhan No. 2, good taste, and taste of rice?" From the molecular mechanism? " We found that Meixiang's excellent quality is closely related to photosynthesis. We all know that when dripping two drops of oil when cooking rice, the cooking rice will be better. We found that Meixiang accounted for the high fatty acid content of No. 2, which is one of the main reasons for its "natural rice fragrance".

There are some accidental and lucky components of varieties, but more the theoretical guidance of the system is required. In the past ten years, our team has two work priorities. One is to create the theory and material system of core breeding of rice core germs; the other is to achieve the "use of conventional rice breeding results to drive the high -quality, high yield, and extensive appropriateness of hybrid rice in 2000. Sexuality has completed such a strategic goal. The successful cultivation of Meixiang No. 2 is based on such a theoretical system. Based on this, we also make the core quality of the conventional rice recovery system and use it to cultivate Huang Huazhan, Huazhan, Wushan silk seedlings and other one. A large number of varieties and breeding materials.

Meixiang occupy No. 2

High -quality, high -yield Health Light simplification is the future of rice breeding

Southern Rural Daily: In your opinion, what are the prominent changes in the development of the rice industry? What trends will it present in the future?

Zhou Shaochuan: Today, quality is the most obvious change in the rice industry. In the future, with the improvement of people's living standards and the gradual decline in per capita rice consumption, high -quality is definitely the primary demand for market consumers. The second is that high yields are super high and high -yield. High -quality is always combined with high yields. There are more people in my country.

The third is to develop to the big health industry. In the future, rice must not only be delicious, but also selenium and health. It is necessary to tap the breeding materials and variety resources rich in anti-cancer substances such as celery, γ-aminocyl acid, and make rice breeding. For example, we have found that Mika accounts for anticancer substances such as celery, such as celery, and has a certain nutritional health function. In addition, light simplification is also an important trend. Not only is the cultivation and simplification, but also the direction of live broadcast, regenerative rice, and machine insertion in breeding.

Guangdong will continue to lead China's high -quality rice breeding

Southern Rural Daily: Just when you mentioned the phenomenon of Guangdong Rice, Meixiangzhan No. 2 is the "leader" of many Guangdong rice varieties, and it is also an important component of this phenomenon. In your opinion, how should the "Guangdong rice phenomenon" continue in the future?

Zhou Shaochuan: Since the dwarf breeding led by Academician Huang Yaoxiang, the "Guangdong Rice Phenomenon" has continued for more than 60 years. The last decade is the ten years after the presence. While maintaining high -quality, the yield of high -quality conventional rice (such as Guangdong silk seedlings) has jumped from 390 kg to 450 kg, or even 500 kg, and is generally suitable for promotion in the entire southern rice area and even abroad.

With the approval of the nine departments of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, with the help of the Bill Gates Foundation, "Huang Huazhan" has passed the variety review and promoted large -scale in India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Mozambique and other countries. "Meixiang Occupy 2" has also begun to go abroad and promote large -scale promotion in Mozambique, Myanmar and other countries.

In the future, the rice breeding will continue to be promoted by group science, apparent genetic, gene editing technology, synthetic biology and big data, and continue to lead the genetic breeding of crops as model crops, significantly improve the scientific and technological content of varieties, and promote large agriculture to become full of overwhelming. Change.

At present, our team and the entire provincial academy of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences have sufficient and competitive variety resource reserves. I believe that Guangdong will continue to lead Chinese rice breeding.

Zhou Shaochuan: Second -level researcher, chief scientist of high -quality rice breeding of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Guangdong Province, and an expert in the National Science and Technology Award review.Proposed and created the theory and material system of core breeding of rice.So far, 92 breeding varieties have been presided over, creating a core quality of frequent resumption of comprehensive use of vanguard, and 300 hybrid rice combinations, leading the industry to derive more than 1,300 high -quality rice varieties (combinations), with a cumulative area of 350 million mu.32 award -winning results, 4 first prizes for provincial and ministerial scientific and technological progress were won with the first completion.The team's cumulative domestic promotion area exceeds 600 million acres: Huang Huazhan is the largest variety of rice rice rice in my country; Mika Occupation has won the Gold Award of the National Review Society for 3 consecutive sessions on the 2nd, and has become the fifth largest conventional rice variety since 2018; Wushan Silk seedlings and Huazhan are the most influential recovery system. Its combination has ranked among the top three in the hybrid rice area in recent years.【Reporter】 Zhang Zhihong

【Source】 South China Rural Report

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