Adhere to employment priority strategy: consolidate people's livelihood and improve people's livelihood

Guangming Daily reporter Qiu Yan

Employment is the biggest livelihood, which is related to the life of millions of households. my country has more than 1.4 billion people and 900 million labor forces, and solving employment problems is always a major task of economic and social development.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping has attached great importance to employment work, and has clearly put employment at the head of "six stability" and "six guarantees". Achievement. In the past ten years, the employment situation has remained overall stability. It has achieved sufficient employment in a large country with more than 1.4 billion people, and higher -quality employment has become a reality step by step.

1. Historical changes in urban and rural employment patterns

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in accordance with the decision -making and deployment of the Party Central Committee, all regions and departments have closely focused on achieving more and more high -quality employment goals, in -depth implementation of employment priority strategies, enriching and developing positive employment policies, and continuously strengthen employment priority orientation. In the case of my country's economic downturn and the complexness of the external environment, the employment situation has remained overall stability. It has achieved sufficient employment in more than 1.4 billion people with a population of more than 1.4 billion people, becoming an important support for the improvement of people's livelihood and economic development.

In the past ten years, the average annual number of new employment in my country's urban and towns has exceeded 13 million, and a total of 130 million new employment in urban and towns has been achieved in ten years. Data show that in 2014, the proportion of urban employment workers exceeded the countryside for the first time. The urban and rural employment pattern has undergone historic changes. In 2021, urban employees accounted for 62.7%, an increase of 13.8 percentage points from 2012. At the same time, the labor force in the central and western regions has a significant trend of employment in the nearby land and returning home entrepreneurship. Many cities and counties have changed from labor output to the place of labor input. The regional employment structure is more balanced.

In the past ten years, college graduates, migrant workers, employment difficulties and other key groups have been steadily employed. The key groups are stable and the overall employment situation is stable. With the increase of the number of colleges and universities, the overall employment level of more than 80 million college graduates has remained stable. The total number of migrant workers increased from 26.261 million in 2012 to 292.51 million in 2021. A total of 55.51 million people were promoted by the unemployed, and 17.68 million people were employed in difficulties.

It is worth noting that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, employment poverty alleviation has played a huge effect. During the implementation of poverty alleviation strategies, more than 90%of the poverty -stricken people established files have been supported by industrial poverty alleviation and employment poverty alleviation. More than two -thirds are mainly relied on migrant workers and industries to get out of poverty. my country has accumulated a total of 32688 poverty alleviation workshops, reaching 437,000 employment at the door of the poor, and nearly 30 million people in the country's poverty -stricken labor.

Behind each job is connected to the happiness of a family. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, employment has played a positive role in promoting the development of stability and coordinated economic and social. Whether it is urban registration and unemployment rate or urban survey unemployment rate, it has remained at a lower level. Even in the face of the impact of various internal and external factors such as the decline in economic downlink, the Sino -US trade friction, and the new crown pneumonia epidemic, my country's labor market still shows strong toughness.

2. The employment structure of "inverted pyramid" gradually forms

Employment is the "barometer" of the economy, and the high -quality development of the economy brings higher quality employment. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the new development concept, my country has accelerated the promotion of high -quality economic development, manufacturing transformation, service industry upgrades, and the development of private economy and small and micro enterprises. New opportunities for employment and employment have continued to emerge, which has effectively promoted the optimization and quality improvement of employment structure.

With the accelerated transformation and upgrading of my country's industrial structure, the employment capacity of the tertiary industry has continued to increase, and the proportion of employees has increased from 36.1%in 2012 to 48%in 2021, becoming the largest "container" of employment. The proportion of employees of the first, second, and tertiary industries was adjusted from 33.5%, 30.4%, and 36.1%in 2012 to 22.9%, 29.1%, and 48%in 2021. The employment structure of the "inverted pyramid" was gradually formed. With the rapid rise of new formats such as the digital economy, takeaway delivery, online car rental, live broadcast, e -commerce, accompanying clinic ... These new employment and flexible employment forms have become more and more integrated into people's daily life.

From a social perspective, high -quality employment means improvement of production efficiency. Over the past ten years, the labor productivity of the whole society has increased from 8.1 million yuan to 146,000 yuan, and more workers have shifted from low productivity departments to high productivity departments. At present, the total number of skill workers in my country has increased to more than 200 million people, of which more than 60 million high -skilled talents have increased, and the quality of workers has increased significantly. Over the past ten years, Chinese workers' income has continued to increase. In 2021, the wages of the urban unit personnel doubled compared with 2012. At the same time, the coverage of social insurance continued to expand, and the protection of flexible employment rights and interests continued to improve.

On the eve of my country's entry into the new stage of development, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee included the "more fully and higher quality employment" in the "14th Five -Year Plan" period of economic and social development, which marked that my country is achieving a comprehensive well -off. Later, the employment work put forward higher requirements for new goals for common prosperity.

3. Employment policy support system is increasingly improved

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We must adhere to the employment priority strategy, set the problem of solving the employment of the people in a more prominent position, and strive to create more employment positions." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of my country, the new situation, new tasks and new tasks and new tasks faced by employment in China have been Requirement, my country's employment work has also undergone a huge change from "active employment policy" to "more active employment policy" to the "employment priority strategy". The party and the government regard the stability and expansion of employment as an important goal of economic and social development, and promote employment priority from a strategic level to a macro policy level, and put employment and employment at the head of "six stability" and "six guarantees". "Innovation and implementation of employment priority policies are placed at the macro level, and the policy tools of burden, stability, and employment are rich and improved." Li Zhong, deputy minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that my country's employment priority strategy is implemented in depth, and active employment policies continue to continue Rich development, employment priority orientation has significantly enhanced. In the past ten years, the top -level design of the employment priority strategy has gradually strengthened, the government's policy content of stable employment has become more fulfilling, the policy tools are more abundant, and the coordination of various departments has been further improved when implementing employment policies.

Faced with the impact of the epidemic and downward economic downward, my country has successively launched the "reduction, slowness, return, and supplement" policy combination, continuing the implementation of the stage of unemployment and work injury insurance, and allowing three social insurance premiums to slowly pay for the staged industries. Improve the return standards for unemployment insurance for small and medium -sized enterprises, implement policies such as social security subsidies and training subsidies, and introduce one -time retained training subsidies to help enterprises expand their posts. In 2021, in order to support the stable employment positions of market players, the central government implemented policy measures such as burden reduction, stability, expanding employment policies, adjusting and optimizing the stability and return, employment subsidies, etc. The annual expenditure subsidy funds were nearly 100 billion yuan; to 4.07 million households; Enterprises issued an unemployment insurance to a stable job to return 23.1 billion yuan and benefit 92.34 million employees.

4. Effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the workers

In late July, Zhao Qi, a graduate of the 2022 graduate of the 2022 graduate of the Nursing University of Beijing Jingbei Vocational and Technical College. In terms of, live broadcasts can provide relatively accurate job information and save a lot of time and energy. "

While employment is presented in front of society, what grows with them is the improved employment service system. Over the past ten years, the construction of a full -scale public employment service system has continued to advance, covering the five -level public employment service network of provinces, cities, counties, streets (townships), and communities (villages) has gradually improved, and standardized, intelligent, and professional construction has been further strengthened. Spring breeze operations, 100 -day ten million network recruitment special actions and other special activities have achieved obvious results. Public employment and talent service agencies at all levels provide recruitment services for 80 million workers and 50 million households. The scale of the human resources service industry has grown. As of the end of 2021, there were 59,100 human resources service agencies across the country, which effectively increased the supply of employment services.

At present, my country has initially established a lifelong vocational skills training system. By improving the lifelong vocational skills training system, we solidly promote the reform of integrated teaching in engineering, improve the training, use, evaluation, and incentive mechanism of skill talents, strengthen the construction of high -skilled talents, and carry out vocational skills competitions. Implementing three years of professional skills improvement in 2019-2021, 100 billion yuan from the surplus of unemployment insurance funds, adopting a variety of forms, cumulative subsidy vocational skills training for more than 83 million people, stable employment and conversion positions have continued to increase the ability to continue to increase positions. Essence

At the same time, the rights and interests of workers in my country have been effectively maintained, and the system and mechanism of the harmonious labor relationship with Chinese characteristics have been basically formed. Over the past ten years, my country has successively introduced the regulations for ensuring the salary payment of migrant workers, revised the labor contract law, standardized labor dispatch, and introduced the special regulations such as the special provisions of the labor protection protection of female employees.

"Guangming Daily" (September 13, 2022, 05 version)

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