Pulse!How to run the city's high -tech meteorological monitoring equipment how to run precise services

Lighthouse meteorological station

The nine -section reef lighthouse set up China's first lighthouse meteorological observation station- "Silk Road Maritime" automatic weather station.

The city plans to choose five lighthouse meteorological stations to promote the "Silk Road Maritime" automatic meteorological station link into chain.

Phase control array meteorological radar

● Complete a scan once in 70 seconds

● Space resolution 30 meters

● Data transmission is almost no delay

Automatic Meteorological Observation Station

● At present, there are more than 200 in Xiamen and along the road

● More construction in the future

● 1.5 square kilometers in key areas

Laser radar

● In 8 minutes, you can complete the visibility and wind monitoring of the area

● The accuracy rate is more than 95%

● There are 2 laser visibility radars and 6 laser meter radar in our city.

Lighthouse meteorological station located in the Jiujie Reef.

Highways, aviation, sea transport and other transportation methods have an efficiency and safety variable: weather. The captain, pilot, and driver were even more clear and the sky was unable to avoid the rain.

However, at the similar transportation distance, the meteorological forecasting services needed for the three are very different: in addition to different meteorological characteristics of sea, land and air, the meteorological services they pay attention to are different at the level of time and space. Aviation is calculated in hours or even minutes, while shipping is two or three days.

This requires more accurate and fine meteorological services. Ge Xiaoqing, secretary of the party group and director of the Xiamen Meteorological Bureau, interpreted that the meteorological service is the guarantee element of the transportation industry. For example, Xiamen Port is the 13th largest container port in the world. In international comprehensive transportation hub cities, customers and cargo flows are all 100 million. "Doing a good meteorological service is to implement overall development and safety," he said.

In the past two years, the municipal meteorological department has actively introduced high -tech weather monitoring equipment with state -owned independent intellectual property rights, such as the phase control array meteorological radar, laser fog meter, etc., and the density of equipment distribution has continued to increase; It also supports more accurate meteorological services, and the needs of different application scenarios in sea, land and air have been continuously met.

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Xiamen Yifaqiang's weather weather

How to discover the plane in advance

The phase control array meteorological radar has been organized in our city.

Phase control array meteorological radar

The scanning speed is faster and the detection accuracy is higher. Like "the eyes of the sky", it helps meteorological forecasters to be faster and accurately determined whether there is hot thunderstorms, rainfall or hail, and whether there is "wind cutting" to remind the pilots to avoid it.

On September 4, the weather in Xiamen was sunny. Xiamen Aviation AOC Operational Control Center lobby, signed the sending staff to strictly monitor the fleet -here is equivalent to the center of Xiamen Airlines flights in an orderly manner. The weather is one of the most concerned parts of the signing staff.

"Although there is a typhoon influence on the periphery, the weather at Xiamen Airport is available, and there is no problem with normal take -off and landing." A Xiamen Airlines pilot said that if the weather is not good and the airport traffic is congested, the operation control center will recommend that the flight from the outside station will delay the take -off. The aircraft in the air is recommended to hover or go to other airports for surrender.

Take off and landing is the most difficult stage in flying. His bad weather is the main risk factor. Many causes of accidents are thunderstorms and wind. However, efficiency and cost are also very important for airlines. For example, reducing air hovering and waiting for fuel can save fuel, and the cost of preparation is even higher.

It is located in Xiamen, where the southeast coast of China, has high temperature and humidity, and is prone to strong stream weather, such as hot thunderstorms in the summer afternoon -this kind of weather that is accompanied by lightning, heavy precipitation, strong wind and even hail, the life cycle is short: it It can be formed in a minute and half an hour.

It is difficult to keep up with such rapid changes in conventional meteorological radar. However, Xiamen's weather can be done.

In Haicang, Tong'an, Xiang'an, the three X -band double polarization phase control array meteorological radars have achieved preliminary networking. Compared with conventional meteorological radars, it scan faster and has higher detection accuracy. "The conventional meteorological radar completes the scan once every 6 minutes, the space resolution is 1 kilometer, and the data upload time is superimposed. The small -scale convection weather is often difficult to capture." Liang Qiufeng, deputy director of the forecasters of the Meteorological Observatory of Xiamen Air Management Station The controlling meteorological radar is scanned once every 70 seconds. The data transmission is almost no delay, and the space resolution is improved, only 30 meters. "

A aircraft takes off and land for two or three minutes, and the phase control array weather radar is like a "open -air eye", helping meteorological forecasters to be faster and accurately determined whether there is a hot thunderstorm -time returns to August 4 this year, 8 am on the same day, 8 am on the same day, 8 am on the same day. At the time, the forecasm of the duty was analyzed by the phase control array radar data. It is expected that the Xiamen Airport will have precipitation at 10:20, which will continue to 10:45, or it will affect the landing of 10 flights.

A early warning information was quickly passed to the airport and airline. At 10:07, the heavy shows dropped, and the early amount of early warning information reached 108 minutes, reserving the time for adjusting the flight plan for each airline. At 10:39, the weather at Xiamen Airport turned into small showers, which was consistent with the warning.

"The pilot will decide whether to prepare for landing airports based on the duration of the heavy showers and fuel. If the duration is within half an hour and the fuel is sufficient, most pilots will choose to hover in the air." The pilot said. On the same day, only one of the 10 flights waiting in the air had to choose to prepare the outer field, and the rest landed smoothly at Xiamen Airport. According to estimates, this saves at least the cost of preparation of nearly one million yuan for related airlines.

In addition to the high time and space resolution, the phase control array meteorological radar can also help the forecasters more accurately grasp the phase of precipitation particles, judge rainfall or hail; for invisible winds "Change the rapid change of wind direction, wind speed in the air level and vertical distance, which has a greater impact on the safety of the aircraft's take -off and landing), reminding pilots to avoid it. "The weather is unpredictable and it is difficult to predict, but in the past two years, the meteorological warning information released by the air pipe station meteorological station is indeed more and more accurate." The pilot said.

It is worth mentioning that Xiamen's X -band phase control array meteorological radar is developed by domestic independent research and development. It serves it aviation transportation. Xiamen is also the first in the industry. The Xiamen Meteorological Bureau said that next, Xiamen will actively introduce the phase control array meteorological radar of the S -band -the coverage of the S -band is farther than the X -band, which can help the forecasman's prophet.

ocean

Xiamen Port's "throat" fog permeated

How to "see" safety channels in the giant wheel

Set at the Lidar system in Huwei Mountain.

Laser radar

In 8 minutes, visibility monitoring in the area can be completed, with an accuracy rate of more than 95%. Laser visibility radar and "Silk Road Maritime" automatic meteorological station can effectively improve the efficiency of fog Tiantong navigation by about 10%.

The island is still bright and highlights. The throat of Xiamen Port has to do nine reefs but the fog permeated. Such a scene is not rare in the eyes of the pilot Li Guohong. "The visibility in the fog is poor, and the container giant wheels are three or four hundred meters long. If the channel is stranded or collided, it will bring unimaginable consequences." He said.

Each giant wheel wants to "put the pulse and cloud", but the fog of the Jiu Jie reef belongs to the fog, the generating speed is fast, the range is not large, so it cannot be predicted and can only be monitored.

Breeze also affects safe sailing. Li Guohong said that the giant wheel is full of the wind area of ​​tens of thousands of square meters. In the complex port channel, the wind will significantly increase the difficulty of handling, and it will also affect the catering aircraft climbing the rails up and off the ship -the wind rolls up the waves. If you are not careful, you may be possible. Falling into the sea.

The device that can be monitored in real time has been put into use in Xiamen: the building heights near the building near Xiamen University, and a device that looks like a visiting lamp continues to work. It emits laser, with the goal of pointing directly to the ninth reef waters, and can complete the regional monitoring in 8 minutes, with an accuracy rate of more than 95%. The traditional radar 360 -degree full -plane scanning takes 1 hour. "The efficient and high -precision brought by laser radar makes real -time monitoring a reality." Wu Chenfeng, director of the Xiamen Meteorological Service Center, said.

In order to improve the fineness of monitoring data, the Xiamen Meteorological Bureau has set up eight new laser radars, including 2 laser visibility radars and 6 laser tunnel radar, which is in the leading position in the industry.

In addition to laser radar, the nine -quarter reef lighthouse also set up China's first lighthouse meteorological observation station- "Silk Road Sea Transport" automatic meteorological station to serve as cutting -edge "sentinel". Under the beam of the lighthouse, a set of meteorological equipment work day and night to provide meteorological protection services for ships in and out of the port.

Nowadays, the pilot opened the "Knowing the Weather" APP in the Fujian Provincial Meteorological Bureau. Real -time data such as the wind, visibility, temperature, and air pressure in the nine reef waters are all available and scrolled. "Not only to ensure the safety of navigation, comprehensively grasp the meteorological data, but also improve the efficiency of the port operation." Li Nan, general manager of Fujian Silk Road Marine Co., Ltd., said, "For a day for ships, it will increase the cost of tens of thousands of dollars, bringing pollution to pollution Things discharge. Fast forward and fast out, not only economical and efficient, but also green and environmentally friendly. "

Up to now, the lighthouse meteorological station has safeguarded more than 100,000 ships in and out of port ships. Laser visibility radar and "Silk Road Maritime" automatic meteorological stations have effectively improved the efficiency of fog Tiantong navigation by about 10%. Port production, shipping operations, cargo circulation, etc. have benefited from all, and effectively improve the international business environment of Xiamen Port.

The meteorological station on the lighthouse firmly guards sea traffic and has become a vivid footnote for the refinement of the meteorological department to refine the economy. Wu Chenfeng said that in the near future, they plan to choose five lighthouse meteorological stations to promote the "Silk Road Maritime" automatic meteorological station to become chain.

In the shipping industry, "Air China Guide" is a hot word, which means "my country's own shipping companies and fleets, using independent domestic navigation equipment in my country" to build a safe and efficient international collection network. At the "Silk Road Maritime" international cooperation forum held during this year's CIFC, Zhang Zuqiang, deputy director of the China Meteorological Administration, said that the Chinese Meteorological Department tailored various meteorological services for maritime and port, especially the construction of ocean meteorological navigation capabilities.

"'Silk Road Sea Transport' provides a good development opportunity for ocean meteorological navigation." Zhang Zuqiang said that the meteorological navigation business system of independent intellectual property rights, customized and customized global meteorological navigation service capabilities, like the "bright eyes and wisdom eyes" of the ship, Provide a safe, economical and low -carbon meteorological solution for "Silk Road Maritime".

land

During the high temperature in the road surface, heavy rain

Can it be forecast in time in time?

The personnel of the air pipe station Meteorological Observatory maintain the automatic meteorological observation station equipment. (Photo confession of the air pipe station meteorological station)

Automatic Meteorological Observation Station

The meteorological services provided by the "Xiamen Transportation Meteorological" WeChat Mini Program can accurately reach a certain road and a certain block. Its meteorological data comes from more than 200 automatic weather observation stations in Xiamen and along the road to achieve "advanced forecast and preparation in advance."

On September 5th, due to the peripheral of Typhoon Xuan Lannuo, No. 11 this year, Xiamen's weather was in the "air -conditioning machine", and the heat wave hit people.

At about 13:00 on the same day, Zhang Qiang, a driver who temporarily resting at the Dongfu service area of ​​Shenhai Expressway, opened the WeChat Mini Program of the "Xiamen Traffic Meteorology", showing that the temperature of his location has exceeded 34 degrees Celsius. "The road surface is estimated to exceed 50 degrees. What is pulled today is heavy, and the road surface is too hot and easy to explode. Forget it, take a rest for a while." He said. Not only the temperature, including wind speed, rainfall, and visibility, they can be queried in real time on this applet. These data are from more than 200 automatic weather observation stations from the roads and roads along the road. Guo Lin, deputy director of the Xiamen Meteorological Service Center, said that this applet reflects the development idea of ​​"refined meteorological services".

"Since 2019, the meteorological department is in -depth docking with the public security traffic police, transportation and other departments, collects demand, and promotes the hardware construction and software development of meteorological services. In December 2021, the" Xiamen Transportation Meteorology 'WeChat Mini Program was launched. Construction results: The degree of refinement of meteorological services can already be accurate to a certain road and a certain district. "Guo Lin showed the function of this applet with a mobile phone.

In addition to the high temperature of the hot sun, on the highway in the mountains, there are common group fog. Zhang Zhao, director of the police technology of the Xiamen High -speed Traffic Police Detachment, introduced that in the past, there were severe weather such as group fog, and most of them adopted roads and diversion. Now, under the fine forecast service, the traffic police department can use meteorological big data to open the guardrail and open the guardrail. The LED fog lights installed on the top are induced to the driver passing by the fog area with a clear road line type, and then cooperate with the guidance measures such as speed reduction, distance control, bright tail, etc., to provide precise technical support for the safe traffic area of ​​the vehicle to ensure the safe and passing fog area of ​​the vehicle. Essence

In terms of urban transportation, Yang Sheng, director of the Municipal Transportation Command Center, fully affirmed the WeChat Mini Program of "Xiamen Transportation Meteorological". "The heavy rain on July 7 this year, we had a preliminary understanding at the joint meeting with meteorological departments two days ago; on the day of the heavy rain, the WeChat applet popped up in time to determine the scope of the general impact." Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, said, Yang Sheng said, " Afterwards, the work became targeted, and the personnel and materials began to deploy the location of the traffic jam in the plan.

David traffic will inevitably affect traffic, but precise meteorological warnings, grab more time in order to cure blockage and blockage in a timely manner -before, "blocked before driving and dredging", now "advance forecasting, preparation in advance"; before The city may be blocked for two or three hours after the rainy rainstorm. Nowadays, large -scale congestion is not common, and congestion within a small range can be quickly relieved.

The accumulation of big data provides a basis for decision -making for the improvement of urban waterlogging points -there are many extreme weather in the past two years, but the waterlogging situation in urban areas has decreased. The main reason is that the Ministry of Municipal Ministry of Municipal Ministry of Municipal Ministry of Municipal Ministry of Municipal Ministry has carried out the construction of pipeline networks. Among them Data support.

Now, more and more citizens have begun to use the "Xiamen Transportation Meteorological" WeChat Mini Program to obtain weather early warning information in real time. The Xiamen Meteorological Bureau said that they will also increase their efforts to build automatic weather observation stations in more areas inside and outside the island, and the density of key areas can reach 1.5 square kilometers, which will achieve more accurate meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and early warning services.

【Reporter Notes】

Everything for

Unlimited approach to the truth

Rush to the office at 8 am, write more than a dozen things to do the next day on the book, revolt around different time nodes, repeatedly judge and track radar information, and then reconcile afterwards ... "After a day, we will be exhausted, and you will continue to do it in one year to the beginning. The motivation to go down is to approach the truth infinitely. "A forecaster said.

长久以来，气象预报是人们茶余饭后的热门话题，但大多数人往往纠结于某一次预报的“准或不准”，而忽视了其价值所在——常态化服务交通运输，只是一个小切口，在In agriculture, industry and even broader areas, meteorological services are related to safety and development, which has become an important production factors.

With the continuous development and progress of the economy and society, the personalized requirements of meteorological services in various fields are getting higher and higher. This is also the original intention of the Xiamen Meteorological Department to continuously explore refined weather services. As a science and technology, basic, pioneering social welfare undertakings, behind the precise meteorological services is the huge investment in meteorological technology, the construction of a high -level professional meteorological talent team, and then realize the high -quality development of meteorology. Quality development.

This also precisely depicts the path map of our country from meteorological power to meteorological powers: better meet the people's growing needs of a better life, serve the high -quality development of the economy and society, comprehensively implement the new development concept, realize the "whether there is" meteorological services from "whether there is" or not. "Okay" and "strong or strong" transformation.

Xiamen Daily reporter Xu Jingming Zhu Daoheng

Tang Haibo Cai Mianmian

Figure/Municipal Meteorological Observatory provided (except for signatures)

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