China's business environment is good

◎ Text "Fighter" magazine all media reporter Li Liao

CFP

Entrusted a new journey to build a new era · Extraordinary ten years

The business environment continues to improve

From high -speed development to high -quality development, from the market to the government's "decentralization of service", from the construction of the rule of law to comprehensively optimize the business environment — China in the new era, in the posture of runners, continues to make efforts to make global attention global attention Essence

On August 29th, the tenth National Council ’s deepening of the“ decentralization of management ”reform TV conferences pointed out that the reform of“ decentralization of management service ”was actually liberalized and promoted fair competition, and provided more freedom and convenience to the public business.

Only the business environment can enterprises develop well, and foreign companies will want to come in to start their own business, and to gather abundant flow, logistics, capital flow, and information flow. In the past 10 years, China's business environment has been continuously improved and continued to improve. The 2020 global business environment report released by the World Bank shows that China's business environment ranks among the 96th in 2013 from the 96th in 2013 to 31st in 2020.

▲ CFP

Recently, the Ministry of Commerce issued the "Research Report on the Development Vitality of the Chinese Market Anthology (the First Half of 2022)". The report shows that since 2013, my country's average number of new market entities has increased more than 10 million households each year. As of the end of June 2022, the total number of market entities registered in the book increased from nearly 55 million households in 2012 to 160 million, an increase of 1.9 times. The quality of enterprises has also been significantly improved, and high -tech enterprises and small and medium -sized enterprises have exceeded 200,000 and 180,000 respectively.

The market entity is the power carrier of the economy. The continuous increase of market entities and high -quality development reflect the excellence of China's business environment in the past 10 years. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, through in -depth promotion of "decentralization of management" (that is, the reform of the administrative service "(that is, the combination of administration and decentralization, the combination of management, and the optimization service), actively improve and launch various regulations and systems, and vigorously implement tax reduction fees and fees. China in China The construction of the business environment has achieved positive results, the market entities are more active, and the development of the national economy is becoming more and more stable.

The evaluation system is constantly improving

The concept of "business environment" comes from a report "Doing Business" released by the World Bank in 2003 ("Business Environment Report"). In the ranking of that year, there was a large gap between China's business environment sorting and developed countries in Europe and the United States. In 2010, China GDP surpassed Japan and became the second largest economy in the world, but the business environment was still behind, and in the following years, it has been hovering outside 70. Over time, the business environment has gradually become one of the most important factors for corporate investment decisions, which has attracted great attention from the Chinese government.

The World Bank's business environment index reflects the system's institutional environment and the rule of law environment at all stages of enterprises' establishment, operation, expansion, and bankruptcy of enterprises. On September 1, Wu Hanhong, a professor at the School of Economics of Renmin University of China, said in an interview with the "Legal person" reporter: "The good business environment can not only reduce the cost of market entities, increase the vitality of the market entity, but also enhance the confidence of market entries. In addition, the good business environment can be dependent on, and the law must be rely on, so that the market order of fair competition can be formed, allowing market entities to clarify the boundaries of behaviors and form stable expectations. "

However, he said that there are insufficient business environment evaluation systems of the World Bank, such as incomplete systems, incomplete data collected, and limited scope of evaluation. Business environmental elements form an evaluation index system that effectively supports the development of China's business environment. "

"China Business Environment Evaluation" was first proposed by the State Council in January 2018. In August of that year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Notice of Deepening the" Deepening of "Detailed" reform and transformation of government functions and TV telephone conferences, "the key task division of labor division of labor schemes", requiring the establishment of a business environment evaluation mechanism by the end of 2018, conducting trial evaluation in 22 cities in 22 cities ; In 2019, in various provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), and planned cities, deputy provincial cities, provincial capitals, and several prefecture -level cities to conduct business environment evaluations, compile and publish the "China Business Environment Report"; in 2020, establish a sound camp The long -term mechanism of business environment evaluation has been evaluated in the national prefecture -level and above cities, and the "China Business Environment Report" is regularly released. This is the first time that my country has explicitly given a timetable for building a business environment evaluation mechanism.

In October 2019, the State Council issued the "Regulations on Optimizing the Business Environment", launched the China Business Environment Evaluation Index System including 18 large and 87 small items. The Development and Reform Commission also issued the "China Business Environment Report" every year. A series of supporting measures have also been introduced in various places, including local supporting regulations and policies, increasing evaluation indicators in accordance with the actual situation, and publishing local self -assessment reports, etc., and found common problems and typical experience.

Wu Hanhong believes that the extension of China's own business environment evaluation system is wider than the world bank business environment evaluation system, including the lack of security, market size, macroeconomic stability, and political and business relationships. Sexuality basically includes all aspects of the operating environment of a market.

Today, China's business environment evaluation system is continuously improved, the mechanism is becoming increasingly mature, and the scope is expanded in an orderly manner. More and more cities are included in the ranks of participating cities. This system has achieved coverage of 31 provinces.

Central top -level design leadership

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in order to build an excellent business environment, the central government has strengthened the top -level design and led reform exploration. The "Regulations of Optimization of the Business Environment" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), which have important milestones), have made institutionalized specifications from the five aspects of market subject protection, market environment, government service, regulatory law enforcement, and rule of law. Legislative gaps in specialized fields. As an important aspect of optimizing the business environment, intellectual property protection has attracted great attention. Article 15 of the Ordinance clarifies the system of punitive compensation for intellectual property rights, promote the rapid collaborative protection mechanism of intellectual property rights, and improve the diversified solution mechanism of intellectual property disputes and the aid mechanism for intellectual property rights protection.

At the same time, the new antitrust law was implemented on August 1 this year, which strictly regulated the various unfair competition in market competition in market competition, effectively promoted fair market competition, and improved the business environment.

In terms of the reform of the administrative approval system, the central government conducted a persistent exploration. Song Linlin, a professor at the School of Political and Administration of Tianjin Normal University, has been engaged in business environment for business environment. On September 1, she told reporters that in the face of the adjustment and change of economic structure and economic growth, the country has not engaged in a strong stimulus of "big water irrigation". Instead, the government's own reform and innovation combined with the improvement of the macro -control policy, and gradually formed a reform situation of "decentralization of service" and supporting each other. For example, informing the commitment, the separation of the license, the management of the administrative license matters; promote the "dual random and one open" supervision (that is, randomly extract inspection objects during the supervision process, randomly select law enforcement inspectors, random inspections and investigations and investigations to publicly disclose the public in time to the society. ), "Internet+supervision", category of credit risk classification; standardization of administrative examination and approval services; developing a national integrated government service platform, and in -depth promotion of the "One Netcom Office" and "Inter -Provincial General Office" of government services. Convenience of administrative approval.

In the context of the acceleration of the new generation of information technology, the digital government can comprehensively improve the effectiveness of the government's performance. Recently, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Digital Government", forming a government governance model of intensive, efficient and transparent.

Song Linlin said that modern information technology provides new means and platform support for government governance. Disposal governance changes to technical governance. At the same time, the "Outline of Promoting the Development Action of Big Data", "Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Public Work of Government Affairs", "Interim Measures for the Management of Government Information Resources Sharing", Data Security Law, and Personal Information Protection Law, etc., also provides institutional leadership and for the construction of digital government construction Assure.

In order to mark the international first -class business environmental system rules, China has accelerated the connection with the rules of international trade investment. In January 2020, the Foreign Investment Law was officially implemented, reducing the negative list of foreign investment access and increasing the catalog of foreign investment industry. In January this year, the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement" officially took effect.

At the same time, the central government encourages local governments to conduct original and differentiated system innovation competitions in accordance with regional characteristics and reform points. In 2021, the State Council issued the "Opinions on the Pilot Work of the Innovation of Business Environment" and deployed in 6 cities in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen to carry out piloting of business environment innovation. "This move allows the policy innovation of the reform of the reform of the reform to continue to be replicated and promoted in various places, driving the overall optimization of the national business environment." Song Linlin said.

Local government innovation competition

After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "decentralization" is a major measure to deepen the reform of the administrative system and promote the transformation of government functions. On September 2nd, Yan Jing, the general manager of the third -party consulting agency at zero point, said, "In 2018, the peak period of the reform of the" decentralization of the service "has passed and entered the deep water area. At this time, the construction of a good business The environment has become the starting point for the reform of the "decentralization service" reform again. "She said that a very obvious change is that after 2018, some conferences of local governments will" decentralize the service "reform and" business environment "almost every year. The theme is combined.

"The reform of the previous 'decentralization service' is actually from the perspective of the government, from top to bottom, and from the end to the outside. However, the construction of the business environment is from the perspective of the corporate perspective. Yan Jing said, "From the perspective of the construction of the business environment, it is necessary to open up the barriers between government departments, let the departments work together, and directly connect with the high -frequency needs of enterprises."

Song Linlin said that improving the design of the organizational system is a powerful guarantee for deepening the reform of "decentralization of service" and optimizing the business environment. For example, on May 20, 2014, the Tianjin Binhai New District Administrative Examination and Approval Bureau was officially established to integrate the 216 administrative approval functions of the 18 departments of the Binhai New District Government, all of which were allocated into the Administrative Examination and Approval Bureau, and the "one seal management approval" was implemented. The administrative examination and approval bureau model was promoted; in 2017, China's first provincial big data development administration bureau was established in Guizhou to promote the unified platform of the province's information system, unified data storage and unified management, and enhanced Guizhou's management capabilities for big data.

The reform of the "decentralization service" reform needs to promote the application innovation of modern technology. The Tianjin Binhai New District relies on the government affairs assistance platform and the street town comprehensive convenience service center and community convenience service station to build the "Binhai General Office". Residents handle related matters to the community -street town -department information transmission through the help platform system. At the same time, Henan Hebi innovated and integrated more than 70 types of space data of 30 departments, and developed the "one picture" business collaborative approval management system for land and space planning. At the same time, local governments attach great importance to the construction of the industrial business environment, and the innovation systems and mechanisms lead industrial gathering. For example, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia established the "Six major industrial clusters" special classes to build, extend the chain, and supplement chain around 17 main industrial chains, adopt online and offline complementary, "go out" and "please come in". The first 5G industrial park in Henan was completed, and the leading enterprises of JD, Huawei, Ali and other industries were successfully introduced. The value -added of high -tech industries accounted for more than 42%of the entire industrial added value. Essence

Yan Jing introduced that the previous business environment evaluation indicators mainly focused on the facilitation of government affairs approval, but since 2021, the focus of local governments in the field of business environment has expanded from the government environment to the theme of the industrial environment and the credit environment. "This Explain that the creation of the business environment has begun to gradually progress and deepen. "

In March 2021, Shenzhen conducted the first personal bankruptcy legislation attempt to make up for the "half bankruptcy law" to ensure the "tolerance failure" with the rule of law and "support" the entrepreneurs, which further stimulated the enthusiasm of the market entrepreneurship.

Enterprise gain continues to improve

In the past 10 years, the relationship between the government and the market has been rational and has established a new type of political and business relations. Wu Hanhong said that in the past, the Chinese government had the problems of re -approval, light supervision, and weak services. By optimizing the business environment, the pattern had been reversed. "Now the enterprise does only one door, only one window, and fill in a form. The approval is not met, the service is not closed, and the service is constantly file. It has become the normal work of the modern government."

Song Linlin believes that in the past, "all -around government" intervention in market behavior was too much. At present, by cutting administrative approval matters and ending non -administrative license approval, reducing corporate investment projects and pricing projects approved by the central government at the central government, promoting "effective markets" and " "Some government" "better combination. This year, Hubei Dye Innovation has created a new type of political and business dialogue exchange platform, a new type of political and business dialogue exchange and exchange platform, focusing on the industrial chain supporting, recruitment of talents, financing credit, hydropower heat newspapers, etc. The collection of the work of the collection, the meeting, and the after -meeting were reported to resolve the work closed loop of the situation.

According to her, at present, the country has basically achieved the "enterprise opening" within 4 working days, the "registered registration of the real estate" within 5 working days, and the "construction permit of the construction project construction project" within 120 working days. The handling links and expenses have been greatly reduced, and the cost of institutional transaction has been effectively reduced.

The construction of China's policy environment has stimulated the vitality of the market. For example, Shenzhen, Guangdong established the "Preferential Tax Catalog of Enterprise Income Taxes in the Qianhai Deep -Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone", and levied the required corporate income tax at a rate of 15%; Jiangsu Taizhou has established an annual energy, water, emissions, financing, etc. linked to the enterprise. Resource element incentives and restraint mechanisms; Jiangxi Anyuan pilot the establishment of policy funds to be fulfilled, and the financial department arranges no less than 5 million yuan of beneficiary enterprises to support the redeem of backup money according to the needs of funds.

In terms of optimizing the environment of foreign investment, the Ministry of Commerce has completely canceled the approval and filing of foreign -funded enterprises in the business sector. According to the Ministry of Commerce, the actual amount of foreign capital in China in 2021 exceeded 1.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.9%year -on -year. Yingfei Ling is a German semiconductor technology company that has entered China for more than 20 years. Wang Gangyi, vice president and chief consultant of Greater China, told reporters on September 2 that the current Chinese intellectual property protection system has gradually improved. Consciousness has also been greatly strengthened. "Many cases reflect China's intellectual property protection system to make significant progress in treating Chinese and foreign companies in terms of treating colleagues, which has made more and more foreign companies consider increasing innovation and research in China. The initial stage of growth has entered a new stage of focusing on compliance and sustainable development, which has promoted the fair competition of enterprises under the premise of compliance. "

At present, the world has entered a turbulent period, and China may have been seeking development in an unstable world pattern for a long time. The pressure faced by market entities is unprecedented. Create an excellent and attractive business environment. The impact of instability and uncertainty. Therefore, further optimizing the business environment and creating a safe and stable development environment for market players will be an effective move in China to deal with risks and challenges in the future, which is related to the modern situation of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics.

Editing ｜ Cui Xiaolin

Edit ｜ Bai Kui

School pair ｜ Zhang Bo Zhang Xuehui

This article is published in the "Legal person" magazine in September 2022 The total 223 cover story column

- END -