More than 60 years ago, why did Chairman Mao emphasize that "this money cannot be saved"?

September 17 this year is the 22nd National Defense Education Day, and it is also the 15th year of the city's air defense alert test. Looking back at history, we may be able to realize the significance of the people's air defense related knowledge and skills.

People's air defense at the beginning of the founding of New China

In the flower bed under the overpass of Taikang Road, Xujiahui Road, Huangpu District, she stands quietly with a monument. This monument was on February 18, 1951 to commemorate the "26" bombing in Shanghai in 1950.

In May 1949, Shanghai was liberated. The Kuomintang was unwilling to fail. With the support of Americans, it was declared that blocking Shanghai was "the most significant task in May 1949 to May 1950." According to statistics, from June 4, 1949 to May 11, 1950, the Kuomintang Air Force launched a 57 air strike on Shanghai, causing a total of 1049 Shanghai citizens to die, 7 people disappeared, injured and disabled more than 2,100 people. There are more than 3200 private houses.

Among them, the most serious damage is the "26" bombing. On February 6, 1950, from 12:25 to 13:53 on February 6, the Kuomintang Air Force dispatched 14 bomber groups such as the US-made B-24 and B-25 as the main body. In turn bombardment for the main goals. Merchant Shanghai Electric Power Company Yangshu Power Plant, Zhabei Hydropower Company, Nanshi Huashang Electric Company, Lujiawan French Business Motor Electric Light Company, and Pudong Electric Corporation are the main bombing targets of the KMT aircraft. The Yangshu Power Plant was the largest power plant in Shanghai at that time. The loss was also the most severe. About two -thirds of the equipment was damaged and forced to stop power generation.

The severely damaged Yangshu Power Plant in the bombing

The air strikes caused 542 people in Shanghai to be killed, 836 were injured, 5 disappeared, more than 1,000 private houses were destroyed, and more than 50,000 residents were affected. Due to the severe damage to the power plant, almost all the urban factories have been discontinued, the vast majority of the block loses power supply, the supply of tap water is difficult, the traffic order is chaotic, and the city is panicked. Chen Yi, then Shanghai Mayor, later recalled: "All kinds of contradictions and problems broke out together. Just as those who have been healed by serious illnesses, they have a new pain."

At that time, the air defense military forces in New China were still weak. In order to minimize the loss caused by air strikes, within a few days after the "26" bombing, the Shanghai Military Management Association decided to establish the Shanghai Air Defense Public Security Commission to uniformly direct the city's air defense work. For example, instruct various factories, enterprises, schools, and the PLA on duty to put a whistle, digging air defense, digging earth wells, sewing sacks, and sand bags. On February 23, 1950, the Kuomintang aircraft bombed Shanghai twice. After the air defense organization, Shanghai citizens had the ability to respond to bombardment and the ability to quickly rescue, and the loss was relatively small.

After the bombing, the rescue site

On October 31, 1950, the National People's Air Defense Preparatory Committee was established, marking the official establishment of the New Chinese people's air defense. In February 1956, Chairman Mao emphasized in the report of the heavy industry departments that "to engage in urban air defense" and "underground air defense room, this money cannot be saved."

Basic means of modern civil defense

Today, our country's air defense military forces are not as good as before, and the form of war has also changed a lot, but people's air defense is still highly valued. In 2021, a total of 721 emergency shelters were added in Shanghai. In the first half of this year, the city has built 905,300 square meters of emergency evacuation places. The total area of ​​emergency evacuation places in the city has reached 12.414 million square meters.

The basic means of modern civil defense can be summarized as "singing", "walking", "hiding" and "eliminating". "Ming" refers to the release of the air defense alert. The air defense alert is a warning of the air defense warning when the city is threatened by air strikes. It is used for the people's air defense during wartime, and the disaster forecast and emergency reports are usually used for disaster relief and emergencies. Basic means of air defense command and organizational personnel evacuate.

"Go" refers to the people's air defense evacuation. The urban population evacuation is the main content of people's air defense evacuation. It is divided into early evacuation, evacuation and emergency evacuation as an opportunity. Early evacuation refers to the evacuation of the discovery of the war and the transfer to the time before the war system. Individuals return to their own or vote for a combination of friends to evacuate. Linking evacuation refers to the evacuation organized by the tissue before the war system to the outbreak of the war. The main task is to adhere to the production, work, and struggle. Evacuation base. Emergency evacuation means that when the air strikes are obvious or the air strikes have begun, the commander of the pre -early alert organization commander is evacuated to the mask of civil air defense projects.

"Tibetan" refers to the entry of the people who stay in the city or the supplies of the city during the war, transferred to the civil air defense project to cover or use the terrain and ground to carry out hidden actions on the spot. Under the conditions of modern air strikes, after hearing the pre -alert, the personnel quickly entered the cover of the civil air defense engineering or hidden nearby. It is the simplest and most effective protection operation of the air strikes in the city. It is an important part of urban air defense struggle.

"Old" is to eliminate the consequences of air strikes, and use enemy air strikes or after the end of the air strikes, various measures to reduce losses and quickly restore order by the people's air defense system organization.

(Part of the information from this article comes from the Citizen Defense Office) Liberation Daily · The original manuscript of Shangguan News, reprinting

Author: Wang Xianle organizes

WeChat editor: Miss Pi

School pair: huisong

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