Tianjin: A fire in high -rise buildings, knowing these is important!

Residential buildings and buildings with a building height greater than 27m are not single -story factories with a height of 24m

Warehouse and other civil buildings

All belong to high -rise buildings

According to data from the Fire Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department

2021 throughout the year

A total of 4057 high -rise buildings from high -rise buildings starting from 4057

Cause 168 people to die

The number of deaths increased by 22.6% over the previous year

Why do high -rise buildings get fire

Is its "lethality" so great?

Simply understand the three characteristics of such fires

01 Flammable and combustion outside thermal insulation material

Flammable and combustible external insulation materials have become an important "accomplice" for high -rise buildings. my country has implemented building energy -saving policies since 2005. One of the main measures is to increase the insulation layer on the outer wall. Due to the insufficient awareness of the risk of insulation materials for the outer wall, there is no clear specification of the combustion performance of the materials. Or flammable and combustible materials such as polyurethane hard foam. These materials are extremely flammable and spread quickly. After burning, a large amount of toxic flue gas is generated, and the fire is very risk.

02 "Chimming Effect"

The "chimney effect" caused the fire of high -rise buildings to spread rapidly. The "chimney effect" refers to the phenomenon of rising or decreased air along the space of the vertical slope, causing the air to strengthen the convection. After the fire occurs in high-rise buildings, the flue gas is 3- The speed of 4m/s spread vertically, which can quickly ignite the entire building.

03 "Wind help fire"

"Wind helps fire" makes it difficult to control high -rise buildings. According to the determination, the wind speed of 5m/s at the building at 10M at 10M; the wind speed of the 30M high is 8.7m/s; the 60M high wind speed is 12.3m/s; the 90M high wind speed is 15m/s. Because the faster the upward wind speed, the faster the wind speed, after the fire occurs, the fire occurs. Often, the wind helps fire, the fire borrows the wind, the more and more prosperous.

When high -rise buildings are built

There are strict fire safety requirements and fire prevention design

Fireproof partition, normally closed fire door

Positive pressure air supply system, automatic water spray fire extinguishing system

Fire automatic alarm system, fire control room, etc.

Can effectively prevent and control the fire

However, the volume of high -rise buildings and complex functions

There are many personnel, dangerous sources, and large fire loads

Once the fire occurs

Personnel evacuation and fire rescue

There is still a greater difficulty

How to let yourself "retreat"

It is also the skills that everyone should understand and master

How can I escape when encountering high -level fires?

01

Please call the fire police call "119" immediately

In the case of conditions permit

Press the fire alarm button quickly

Warn as much as possible to warn other residents

02

When the fire source is determined and the fire is controllable

Do not panic

The surrounding

Fire extinguisher, fire hydrant and other fire protection facilities and equipment

Assisting the fire at the beginning of the fire

If the fire is in a clear out of control

You can escape from self -rescue according to the "three tips"

Tip 1: Smokeless escape quickly

Touch the door lock before opening the door. If the temperature is not high, there is no smoke in the staircase, and quickly escape down the stairs. When passing through the stairwell, close the fire door.

(In the process of escaping downwards, if the smoke spreads upward and the temperature rises sharply with the temperature, it is very likely that the evacuation channel below has been blocked by strong smoke fire. , Press "Temporary Two" to retreat to reinforcement).

Tips 2: strong smoke retreat to support for help

If the door lock is very high or there are thick smoke when the door is opened, it should be retreated to reinforcement. Use clothing, sheets, etc. to block the door gaps, splash water to cool down and smoke. At the same time, call the "119" to report the important location information such as the trapped floors and rooms, and send a help signal for help at the position near the window.

Tip 3: Find the fire refuge layer

What is a fire refuge layer? Houses or public buildings with a height of more than 100 meters must set up a fire refuge layer. In the case of escape, people can evacuate to the refuge layer nearby. The role of the refuge is to avoid the fire to prevent the smoke from entering the people to cause damage to personnel and wait for firefighters to rescue the scene.

According to the current domestic 50 -meter cloud ladder fire rescue vehicle, it is stipulated that the height from the first floor to the first refuge layer is not more than 50 meters in order to use the cloud ladder car for rescue. Firefighting refuge cannot live, and cannot be occupied by debris. It is equipped with fire hydrant, fire -fighting telephone, air supply system, self -spraying system, and broadcasting system.

Then time escape

How can we quickly identify the refuge?

You can understand a picture

About high -rise buildings escape

There are three points to pay attention to

In addition, in daily work

Everyone must use electrical equipment carefully

Do the following four points

Personalized power

Don't forget when using gas

Person Passing Valve

Evacuation channel, safe export, fire truck channel guarantee

Unimpeded

Kitchen, balcony, and corridor must be done

Regularly clean up

Eliminate the fire from the root cause

Is the best "self -rescue"

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