40%cancer can prevent!Professor Zhang Yawei, the National Cancer Center, is authorized to interpret the key layout of China's first -level prevention of cancer

Author:Medical newspaper Time:2022.09.27

Physician News (Rong Media reporter Guan Yanqing) On September 23, the "China Oncology Magazine" published a review of the "China Pattipable Tumor Level Prevention Status and Outlook" led by Professor Zhang Yawei, the director of the National Cancer Center and Professor Zhang Yawei. Essence The article summarizes the status quo, prevention and control experience, problems and challenges of China's malignant tumor prevention, and provides ideas and reference for the next step to improve the first -level prevention intervention strategy of malignant tumors.

"In 2020, there are more than 4.5 million new malignant tumors diagnosed patients in 2020, and about 3 million patients die from malignant tumors, accounting for about 1/4 and 1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/ 3. If we do not take effective first -level prevention measures, the number of newly developed malignant tumors in my country in the next 20 years may increase by 50%. "Professor Zhang Yawei of the communications of the article told the" Medical Daily "reporter that malignant tumors have become the urban and rural areas of China One of the main causes of residents has a heavy burden on the patient's family and society. First -level prevention with lifestyle intervention and risk factor prevention and control can effectively reduce the incidence and risk of death and death. Therefore, it is imperative to take comprehensive and comprehensive first -level prevention measures.

40%of malignant tumors can prevent

First -level prevention is particularly critical

In the third -level prevention of tumors, first -level prevention refers to the exposure of the risk factors of malignant tumors in the population before the occurrence of malignant tumors to reduce or eliminate the risk factors in the crowd, thereby preventing the occurrence of malignant tumors. Secondary prevention refers to early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment. Three prevention refers to the symptoms of cancer patients through reasonable treatment and rehabilitation, improve the survival rate and survival quality.

From the perspective of the cause, the onset of tumors is a very complicated process. Studies have shown that because more than 90%of malignant tumors are related to external factors such as environmental exposure, lifestyle, and social psychology, less than 5%of malignant tumors are simply caused by genetic susceptibility. The factors take appropriate prevention measures, which can effectively reduce the risk of malignant tumor. According to the evaluation of the World Health Organization, about 40%of malignant tumors can be prevented by changing or avoiding the main risk factors and the implementation of existing evidence -based prevention strategies. This fully illustrates the necessity of preventing first -level prevention of malignant tumors.

"In cancer prevention, first -level prevention is from the source of tumors to avoid or reduce the exposure of risk factors. Distinguishing limited medical resources. "Professor Zhang Yawei said that from the perspective of disease burden and medical resources distribution, the first -level prevention of malignant tumors is to reduce Chinese residents, especially the vicious tumors of residents of low -income people and the relatively backward economies of the economy. Breaks are particularly critical.

my country's research on carcinogen evaluation is relatively weak

Most of them come from Europe and the United States

In September 2022, the International Cancer Research Agency (IARC) released the latest edition of the list of carcinogens, with 122 types of carcinogens (with a sufficient scientific basis proved to have carcinogenic effects on humans).

The National Cancer Center combines the list of IARC carcinogens and the current analysis of the current status of malignant tumors in my country that Chinese people know that preventing risk factors mainly include behavioral factors (such as smoking, second -hand smoke, drinking, lack of exercise), dietary factors (such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, grains Excessive intake or processing meat products, excessive food intake of food, eating moldy food), metabolic factors (such as overweight, obesity), environmental factors (such as PM2.5, ultraviolet rays, carcinogenic chemicals), and infectiousity Pathogen (such as H. pylori, HBV, hepatitis C virus, human immune defect virus, HPV, EB virus, human herpes virus type 8, Chinese testes).

Therefore, by proper implementation of specific first -level prevention intervention measures (such as smoking and smoking control, controlling occupational environment exposure, related vaccination, etc.), the risk factors can be reduced in the people in the crowd and reduce the incidence of related malignant tumors.

"It is regrettable that the scientific basis for the assessment of these carcinogens mainly comes from European and American countries, and my country's research in this area is relatively weak." Professor Zhang Yawei expects that there will be more domestic tumor epidemiology research in the future to fill the carcinogenic carcinogenic carcinification in the future. The gap in object assessment.

my country's cancer spectrum is positive and bad life behavior

Related malignant tumor transition

In the past few decades, China has also achieved significant results in the first -level prevention of people in high -incidence of specific cancers.

For example, in the 1970s to the 1980s, the Xuanwei City Government of Yunnan Province carried out a large -scale renovation of oven and stoves in the city to reduce the exposure of indoor coal -fired discharge of citizens. It is a successful case in the history of China's malignant tumor.

Since 1983, Qidong City, Jiangsu Province has carried out large -scale children with hepatitis B vaccination in large -scale children and newborns. At the same time, the changes in economic transformation and dietary structure have fundamentally eliminated the opportunity to consume oligomes B1 from food from food. This plays a long -term protection of liver cancer, while reducing the mortality of liver cancer in Qidong City.

Professor Zhang Yawei introduced that although the previous first -level prevention has achieved significant results, with the development of the national economy and the change of lifestyle in recent years, the cancer spectrum of Chinese people has gradually transitioned from infection and nutritional lack of related malignant tumors to adverse life behaviors. Related malignant tumors.

According to the latest national cancer statistics released by the National Cancer Center in February 2022, the incidence of cancer, stomach cancer, and liver cancer in my country has continued to decline, but the burden on the disease is still heavy. The incidence of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer and other cancers such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and prostate cancer have continued to rise, and the situation of prevention and control is severe. On the other hand, Chinese residents generally have problems such as low systematic cognitive levels of malignant tumor risk factors, lack of self -health management awareness and ability.

According to the "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" promulgated by the State Council in July 2019, the core line level of the core knowledge of Chinese residents' malignant tumor prevention and control is only 66.4%, and the overall health literacy base line of residents in the country is only 14.2%. In all kinds of health literacy issues, chronic disease prevention and treatment of chronic diseases that are closely related to the first -level prevention of malignant tumors are particularly low, and it needs to be strengthened.

Therefore, the importance of the first -level prevention of a comprehensive malignant tumor for the public is increasingly prominent, and it is urgent to establish a new model and new system that can cover the whole people.

Establish sustainable development

First -level prevention mechanism and system

"I often think that what is the ultimate goal of our cancer epidemiology and etiology research? It's not to post an article, to let everyone know which ones are carcinogens, how to avoid it, and no cancer." Professor Zhang Yawei. " It is said that my country currently lacks the risk factor for malignant tumors for the public and the first -level prevention intervention strategy science information communication platform, the self -health management mechanism of the scientific system, and the predictive model of evaluating the risk of individual malignant tumors. Therefore Tumor first -level prevention authorization, individualized malignant tumor risk assessment and self -health management assistant to the first -level prevention service platform will be of great benefit to improving the overall malignant tumor prevention capabilities of Chinese residents.

Based on the foundation of the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" national key R & D plan research results, the National Cancer Center Prevention and Control Department's first -level cancer -level prevention service and research platform based on digital intelligent health management (Smart Health Management Digital Platform for Primary Cancer Prevention ( SMARTHMDP-PCP) can targeted the challenges facing the current first-level prevention of malignant tumors, and will improve and strengthen the key part of the full cycle of malignant tumors in my country and the upstream of the full chain management.

As shown in the figure above, SMARTHMDP-PCP consists of a number of interconnected and independent modules, including a "Cancer First Class Prevention Popular Science Education Manual", a set of cancer-level preventive risk factors intelligent management questionnaires, a series of individual cancerous cancers Risk prediction models, an intelligent self -health management service system, and a standardized data variable volume of the first -level prevention risk factors.

Professor Zhang Yawei said that SmartHMDP-PCP mainly has two major functions, one is the service function, and the other is the research function.

The service function is mainly for the general public. By questioning the form of review, it helps the public to predict the risk of cancer, and intelligently provide intervention strategies to achieve self -health management of residents. The research function can split and reorganize each module and internal components according to the actual situation and scientific research needs to achieve questionnaire survey and follow -up research.

On the whole, SMARTHMDP-PCP has low cost, strong flexibility, and wide application scenarios. It is expected to solve the most critical issues in the prevention and control of malignant tumors and achieve effective individualized intervention.

"All our efforts are to improve the first -level prevention system of malignant tumors in our country, help the public to benefit to the greatest extent, reduce the overall incidence of malignant tumors, and help the sustainable development of the prevention and control of malignant tumors in my country." Professor Zhang Yawei said.

Expert Introduction

Professor Zhang Yawei

National Cancer Center

Director of the Prevention and Control Department of the National Cancer Center, Deputy Director of the National Centers for Vicious Oncology Clinical Medicine, and high -level overseas introduction of talents. Mainly engaged in the research of tumor epidemic disease and medical health data; in 2021, he was officially joined as the director of the Popular Cosmetic History of the Surgery University of the United States, the co -assistant director of the Global Oncology Department of the Yale University Cancer Center, and the Yale University School of Medicine and the School of Public Health. Associate Professor (Lifetime). Since 2008, as an expert in the National Institute of Health (NIH) and the American Cancer Society (ACS), the World Health Organization International Cancer Research Institute Monography Evaluation (Monograph) review expert, and the World Health Organization International Cancer Research Agency Ethics Committee Ethical Committee The global health encyclopedia "Encyclopedia of Global Health" and "Cancer First -Class Prevention Popularization Education Manual" editor -in -chief, tumor epidemic and prevention of cutting -edgemiology and prevention (Jourantal of Nations Cason) Deputy editor. Berdled and participated in many projects such as the US NIH, ACS, National Natural Science Foundation, and the Ministry of Science and Technology, and published more than 360 SCI articles.

This article is an original article by the doctor, prohibiting any institution or individual from reprinting or quoting it without permission. If you need to reprint, please contact the authorization (WeChat: Cancer-Channel; mailbox: [email protected]) Will be held accountable!

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