Tianjin: Do you know these nursing home fire safety knowledge?

In recent years, as the number of elderly people in my country has increased and the state has increased its investment in social welfare, the number of nursing homes has been increasing year by year. As of the end of 2021, the population of 60 and over the country reached 267 million, accounting for 18.9%of the total population. Due to the aging population, more and more elderly people choose to care for the elderly in nursing homes. Especially during the epidemic, as a dense place for the elderly, because of the age, the emergency and self -rescue ability of the disaster are generally poor due to age, which can easily cause group deaths. The alarm bell was knocked.

On January 2, 2021, in a welfare house in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, a 93 -year -old man accidentally ignited the wheelchair when he secretly smoked smoking. The fire spread quickly. With the hard work of the firefighters for nearly 10 minutes, the fire was eventually was eventually by the fire. Fortunately, there was no casualties caused by people; on January 4, 2017, a fire broke out in the first home of Chaoyang Town, Huinan County, Huinan County, Jilin Province. On May 25, a fire accident occurred in the Lushan Nursing Home, causing 39 people to die, with an over -fire area of ​​745.8 square meters, and a direct economic loss of 206.45 million yuan. Afterwards, a fire accident investigation was conducted. The direct reason for the fire was: the electrical line was exposed to poor heat and high temperature, which caused the nearby flammable material to fire.

At present, fire hazards existing in social pension institutions such as nursing homes

1. The building is old, and the fire protection facilities are inadequate

Some nursing homes and welfare homes have fire safety issues in different degrees of fire lanes, fire pitch, floor settings, and rooms, channels, and export layouts. Other nursing homes and welfare homes are located in multi -storey old -fashioned buildings or reconstruction and combined buildings. The passages and exports cannot meet the problems of evacuation needs. Alarm system and automatic water spray fire extinguishing system. Although some of them are equipped with fire facilities and equipment, they are shaped as virtual by inadequate maintenance.

2. Concentration of combustible materials, many disaster factors

The buildings of the nursing homes are mostly decorated with flammable and combustible materials. Indoor beds, mosquito nets, sheets, bedding, mattresses, mattresses, pillows, sofas, curtains, curtains are mostly flammable and combustible materials such as cotton, chemical fiber, hemp, and wood. Some nursing homes are stacked in the evacuation channel, and the combustible items stacked may be ignited, causing the smoke of the channel to diffuse and cause a greater danger to cause bright fire. Due to the limitation and management of objective conditions and inadequate management, the elderly smoking in bed smoking is more common. There are also some nursing homes and welfare homes, the private pull -pull wires, the aging line, and the power consumption of electricity. Therefore, accidentally caused fire to cause fire to cause fire.

3. The elderly's awareness of fire safety is weak, and the evacuation escape ability is poor

The elderly's awareness of fire safety is relatively low, do not understand the common sense of fire safety, insufficient awareness of fire risk, lacks necessary safety prevention knowledge in smoking, use fire or electric heating appliances, etc., and discard the cigarette butt, match, and close -up baking clothes at hand It is more common to use electric heater for a long time. Furthermore, the elderly are not sensitive to the precursors of fire, smoke, sound, and odor, and the alertness alertness of the fire is significantly lagging behind others. In addition, the elderly are weak and their actions are slow. Some elderly people can not even walk independently. Once a fire occurs, these special groups will easily become the target of fires.

4. Daily fire safety management is not in place

Some employees of the nursing home have not received fire safety knowledge education and training, and they do not understand the danger of fires enough. They do not understand the disposal of fire and evacuate from the beginning of the fire. Many nursing homes and welfare home fire safety responsibility systems have not been implemented, and fire inspections and inspections flow in forms. Many nursing homes and welfare homes do not organize fire safety training and regular education training for nursing staff. Some nursing homes and welfare homes have not even developed a fire extinguishing emergency evacuation plan and organizing drills according to the characteristics of the nursing home, the characteristics of the welfare home and the inconvenience of the elderly. Injury.

Fireproof prevention of nursing home

1. The nursing home should implement fire safety responsibilities, strengthen daily fire safety management, and regularly organize employees to conduct training, so that they can have the ability to evacuate and escape from the beginning of fire and organize personnel. The necessary self -rescue knowledge.

2. The wires of the nursing home should be re -wiring and wiring for professionals. All fixed lines should be protected. It is strictly forbidden to replace the fuse with copper wire, aluminum wire, iron wire, etc.

3. Safety evacuation indication signs, emergency lighting, and automatic fire alarm system settings should be in a normal state. Regular inspections of fire protection facilities cannot pass the field. It is necessary to ensure that the fire protection facilities are in an effective state of use at any time. Nursing homes must establish an inspection and registration system to check, maintain and replace them regularly.

4. Ensure that the evacuation channels and safety exports are unblocked. It is strictly forbidden to occupy any fire channels, and it is strictly forbidden to pile up obstacles that affect evacuation escape in safe exports or evacuation channels. For debris that need to be stacked, the corresponding debris rooms can be established to classify flammable and combustible goods and daily necessities.

5. To inform the elderly to tell the correct use of fire and electricity, educate them not to smoke in bed, and do not throw cigarette butts. Don't use bright fires in violation of regulations.

6. It is not allowed to use illegal electrical appliances, heating equipment, and not allowed to store items.7. The number of people in the activity hall, restaurant, bathroom and other dense public places in the nursing homes, the number of people is not allowed to exceed its rated number.Prevent accidents, because the number of people affects escape too much.

Fire escape steps in the nursing home

1. Once a fire occurs, keep calm and report to the service staff and duty managers around the nursing home.

2. When a fire occurs, the managers and duty staff should call the fire police as soon as possible, and organize employees to quickly organize the elderly to evacuate. Especially for the elderly who are weak, sick, and have no ability to take care of themselves.Call for the number of people.

3. The elderly usually preparate to prepare a glass of water on the head of the bed. Once the fire occurs, the quilt is splashed immediately to cover the nose and nose instead of wet towels.You can also prepare some small tools, such as whistle, flashlight, etc., and the old human body is limited. These tools can help escape.

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