Tianjin: Shopping "resort" Mo Chenghuo suffers from "gathering place"

While enjoying a comfortable environment, you experience the joy brought by food and shopping. On the Mid -Autumn Festival, large commercial complexes have become the "destinations" for people to play. However, due to large volume, wide construction area, large storage volume, complex formats, and centralized personnel density, these places have also become high -risk areas of fires. On April 6, 2021, a fire broke out on the top platform of the top floor of the Causeway Bay Commercial Plaza, Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, causing four people to die. The reason for the fire is when the escalator is demolished in the building, the spark lits the garbage and caused the fire. In early June 2018, Dazhou, Sichuan Dazhou, "a good new" business city, due to the short -circuit of the lighting power line that the tenant was pulled by the tenant, the flames caused the fire. Caused 1 person to die, over the fire area of ​​51100 square meters.

The format is complicated. The large -scale business market is mainly commercial, operating clothing, shoes and hats, cosmetics, etc., and combustible items are concentrated. Especially during the holidays, many shopping malls use combustible and flammable materials to decorate the festive atmosphere in order to create a festive atmosphere. Once the fire occurs, the burning is rapid, producing a large amount of toxic flue gas, and seriously threatening the safety of the lives. Merchants generally set up independent warehouses or temporary warehouses in the composite body. Some are the front stores and rear libraries, upper stores and lower libraries. The reserves of the warehouse are large, and the goods are too concentrated, which greatly increases the fire load. Some children's activity venues, such as naughty castle, trampoline and other entertainment facilities, use a large number of polyethylene and foam plastics, these substances release a large amount of toxic and harmful gases when burning. Essence

There are many sources of fire in fire. The large -scale business market integrates a variety of formats such as commercial, catering, cinema, and gym. The second decoration of large -scale commercial complex merchants is generally generally decorated. If the construction area and the use area are not effectively separated, the welding and gas welding operations are extremely flammable for surrounding combustibles. During some business promotions and other activities, some merchants are more common in private pull -off electrical lines. Some also connect to high -power electrical equipment without authorization, which can easily cause electrical failures such as local overload and short circuit.

The architecture is complicated. The large -scale business market has a large scale and complex building structure. Some buildings are more than one million square meters. Most of the large -scale building spaces are divided into fireproof partitions with fireproof rolling curtains. It is prone to problems that are not in place and unsightly blocking. A little carelessly causes the fire to spread. Most commercial complex adopt an automatic escalator up and down, and the atrium basically forms a shared space connecting up and down. Once a fire occurs, the vertical space will produce a chimney effect. Some pedestrian street safety evacuation uses the evacuation method of shelters and evacuation channels, and the evacuation distance is long. Borrowing safety exports and shops in the store, which are commonly existed, have seriously affected the safety evacuation of the personnel. During the festival, merchants will purchase more products accordingly. Some businesses set up stalls to maximize interests to the maximum of interests.

The management responsibility is not implemented. There are generally multiple property units, property management units, and a large number of use units in the large -scale business market. When implementing contracting, rental or entrustment, it is difficult to clarify the fire safety responsibility. It often pushes the skin. The large -scale commercial complex management unit lacks effective supervision and necessary reward and punishment measures for merchants to perform fire safety responsibilities, and it is difficult to implement fire safety management responsibilities.

Fire protection facilities are not maintained in place. The large -scale business market fire protection facilities are widely distributed and there are many points. Once the maintenance is not maintained, it is very easy to fail. In addition, there are many business formats and frequent use of fires. After the error occurred in some places, it can be blocked directly. It cannot really play a role in the fire. During the operation and other operation activities, the fire protection facilities were discontinued, and some even closed all the water sources without taking effective temporary prevention measures.

Fire safety awareness is not strong. The large -scale business market employees have frequent flow, and the pre -work fire safety training is not timely and not in place. Escape) only stays on the slogan, and the practicality and operability are not strong. The fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation drills organized by some commercial complex management units lack targeted and effective. They are not carried out separately, divided into business formats, and key parts, and they cannot be clearly explicitly explicitly explicitly evacuated. It is difficult to effectively implement the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans.

The managers of large commercial complex must do the following aspects of the following aspects to avoid fire accidents to the greatest extent.

Strictly implement the responsibility of the unit. The management and operation units of large commercial complex shall implement the fire safety responsibility system, formulate various fire safety systems, fire safety operating procedures, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans, and organize exercises regularly. It is necessary to be equipped with fire protection facilities and equipment, equipped with emergency escape facilities, evacuation guidance equipment and fire safety signs, determine the operation and maintenance personnel of various types of fire protection facilities, regularly inspect and repair, and conduct at least one comprehensive testing of building fire protection facilities at least once a year to ensure intact and effectiveness. It is necessary to ensure fire technology standards such as fire -resistant and smoke -proof partitions, fire spacing, building components, building materials, and indoor and outdoor decoration and decoration materials. The installation, use of electrical lines and pipelines, and its lines and pipeline design, layout must comply with relevant standards and management regulations, and regularly maintain and detect. Fire prevention inspections and inspections should be carried out regularly to eliminate hidden fire hazards in time. To ensure smooth evacuation channels. The management and operating units of large commercial complex shall ensure that the evacuation channel, safety export and evacuation doors are unblocked, and the safety exports are prohibited during business, and obstacles affect evacuation on the installation of fixed fences on the safe export and evacuation channels. The door of the evacuation stairs should be kept intact, and the door should have a sign of correct opening and closing state to ensure its normal use. Evacuation emergency lighting lamps and evacuation indicators must be intact and effective. At the entrance of the evacuation stairs on each floor, a safe evacuation instruction diagram is posted at the entrance of the stairs, which indicate the evacuation route, safety export and evacuation doors, the location of the personnel and the necessary text description. When a safe export and evacuation channels such as supermarkets, cinemas, KTV and other dense venues are set up, it is necessary to ensure that it can be directly opened in the evacuation direction during the fire, and the safety export logo and use prompts should be set in a prominent position.

Extensive fire training and education. The fire safety responsible person, fire safety manager, and head of fire safety port management department of large commercial complex management and operation units shall receive fire safety education training at least once every six months. Employees shall receive fire safety education and training within 7 days of admission or transfer. , During the job, we should receive fire training at least every six months. The internal (and) professional firefighters within the unit must focus on the skills of training and exclusion of fire hazards, and the operators of the fire control room on duty should focus on training the automatic alarm system and linkage control equipment operation and fire emergency disposal of fire. Personnel focus on the start, stop and test operation content of fire water pumps, alarm valves and other facilities and equipment.

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