Land -based Observation: More refined and densely woven the ground "Net" ｜ Welcome to the 20th CPC • Meteorological Achievements ②

Meteorological observation is the basis of forecasting, and the precision of forecasting needs to be initially inspired and results of more precise observation data.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's comprehensive meteorological observation business capabilities have been continuously improved, and ground meteorological observation has entered the era of comprehensive automation. Nearly 40,000 townships have achieved full coverage of automatic weather observation stations. Meteorological Observation Station ... In the past ten years, my country's ground observation business has developed rapidly, providing a solid foundation for more accurate forecasting of weather and better protection of the lives of the people's lives.

Entering the era of automation observation

Realize the burden reduction growth and improve efficiency

A 2B pencil, a stack of self -record paper, and a telegram, once the "old three" of the grass -roots observer. Regardless of the wind and rain, high temperature and cold, the observation time must be rushed out. Some observers face the typhoon rainstorm and tie the rope to get the data. Essence In some difficult stations, the development of the business is particularly difficult.

As the most basic observation business, ground observation requires all ground meteorological observations to stand at the same time, implement the same observation projects in accordance with the unified technical requirements, and provide the basic meteorological elements of global exchange directly observation data in accordance with the unified data format. Whether it is on the plateau, islands, on the Gobi, the border, where is the observation station, and where is the meteorological worker.

On April 1, 2020, my country's ground meteorological observation officially entered the era of comprehensive automation, and the observation business capabilities have been significantly improved. According to statistics, the frequency of observation after automation increases by 4 to 8 times compared to manual observation, and the amount of data increases by more than 5 times; the observation data transmission is optimized from minutes to seconds, to the reporting rate of more than 99%, and the frequency of transmission is from 5 minutes from 5 minutes. Shorten to 1 minute at a time.

Today, ground observations and high -altitude observations and space observations have formed a three -dimensional and grid comprehensive meteorological observation system. Basically, they have the real -time acquisition capabilities of the three -dimensional comprehensive state and space weather information of the atmospheric atmosphere. Full space coverage, the overall strength of the observation business is close to the international advanced level.

Virgin China Atmospheric Base Datient Standards Observation of the Qinghai Provincial Meteorological Bureau of the Qinghai Provincial Meteorological Bureau

More than 70,000 ground meteorological observation stations

Nearly 40,000 townships achieve full coverage

The Guizhou Meteorological Department completed the construction of 144 new intelligent automatic meteorological stations, and the Sichuan Meteorological Department completed the construction of 296 automatic meteorological stations ... Since the China Meteorological Administration launched the meteorological monitoring and early warning complement project in 2021, the monitoring of the Southwest region "shortcomings "It is" reinforcement "at an amazing speed, which provides strong support for the weather in the Southwestern region that is more accurate to predict.

This is a side shadow that my country Observation Station Network is constantly developing. As one of the highlights of the shortcoming project, the density of the observation station network will effectively improve the capabilities of precision monitoring of catastrophic weather and the ability of short -term precision forecasting. In the past year, the meteorological department has built or upgraded 2,000 new automatic meteorological stations, focusing on supplementary shortcomings. This year, it proposed a series of targets such as 763 new and updating 1054 automatic meteorological stations.

As of the end of 2021, my country has 10,930 national ground weather observation stations, 55,719 provincial conventional meteorological observation stations, plus other types of ground observation stations. At present, my country has built more than 70,000 ground weather observation stations. Among them, the number of national ground meteorological observation stations reached 4.5 times the number of sites in 2012. In 2020, the automatic meteorological stations of 1185 poor townships across the country were completed and operated. Poverty -stricken towns and nearly 40,000 townships across the country achieved full coverage of automatic weather observation stations. Grassroots meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities were improved and poverty alleviation results were consolidated.

In the past ten years, the meteorological department has also promoted the continuous innovation of observation equipment, and a number of new technical equipment test trials such as the automatic observation of frozen soil. It is developed at the farce of the sea, high altitude, extremely cold, cool, hot, typhoon, strong radiation, heavy pollution and other meteorological observation equipment. The combination of new technologies, new materials, and new processes, combining hardware structure design and active and passive protection measures to enhance the weather resistance, ice resistance, salt and fog resistance of observation equipment.

Build 25 national climate viewing tables

Ecological civilization construction has hard core support

The National Climate Viewing Channel is based on the climate change as the starting point, and the multi -circle layer and its interaction of the climate system have long -term, continuous, and three -dimensional observation national ground comprehensive meteorological observation stations. They are the basis for serving national ecological civilization and response to climate change. It is also a platform for scientific research, open cooperation and talent training in related fields.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has proposed to build a national climate viewing station on the basis of continuously strengthening and optimizing the website network. In 2019, my country announced the list of 24 national climate viewing tables. Three Gorges National Climate Viewing Channel, the total number of national climatic views has reached 25, covering many fields such as weather and climate and ecological environment.

It is expected that during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, my country will also build a group of stable operation, complete observation projects, uniform standards and standards, and data quality. Essence Strive to the end of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" to create a group of national climate viewing tables that have high visibility and influence internationally internationally.

Produced by China Meteorological Administration Xuanke Center (China Meteorological News Agency)

Author: liberal arts

Edit: Da Miao Wu Tong Wang Wan

Review: Duan Haoshu

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